scholarly journals Effect of Physical Activity/Exercise Interventions on Immune Parameters, and Inflammatory Markers for Proxy Conditions Among Adults Prone to COVID-19: A Systematic Review Protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebuka Miracle Anieto ◽  
Veronica Ebere Ogbodo ◽  
Ijeoma Blessing Nwadilibe ◽  
Omotoyosi Johnson Adu ◽  
Bouwien C.M. Smits-Engelsman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Immune Parameters

Abstract BackgroundOlder individuals (over 60 years) with hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are at the highest risk of contracting and dying from Coronavirus (COVID-19). Compromised immunity (both innate and adaptive) and increased inflammatory response (cytokine-storm syndrome) are predictors for high mortality among this population group. Exercise/physical activity seems to be a plausible way to decrease both the risk of transmission and mortality, and improve health outcomes among this population since there is no available treatment for COVID-19. The study will investigate the effectiveness of physical activity/exercise in improving the immune parameters and reducing the inflammatory biomarkers in proxy conditions that make individuals susceptible to COVID-19.MethodsThe Preferred Reporting Items for systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocol (PRISMA-P) 2015 will guide this review. We will search ten databases (until August 2020) to include randomized control trials articles that explored the effectiveness of physical activity/exercise in improving immune parameters and reducing inflammatory biomarkers in proxy conditions (hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease and cancer). Two review authors will independently screen citations (title and abstract), extract data (using standardized forms), assess the risk of bias (using Cochrane risks of bias) and quality of data (using GRADE). Homogenous studies will be analyzed using the fixed-effect model of meta-analysis, while a narrative synthesis will be conducted for heterogeneous studies.DiscussionThere are no specific physical activity/exercise parameters (frequency, intensity, type of exercise and time- FITT) for interventionists to use when developing high-quality RCT for individuals vulnerable to COVID-19. Therefore, it is important to review the literature to identify and highlight the exercise FITT parameters that increase the immune outcomes and reduce inflammatory biomarkers for proxy conditions that make individuals susceptible to COVID-19. It is also important to identify the specific exercise regimen suitable and beneficial for each proxy group.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42020196907

scholarly journals Identifying and Describing Impact of Disasters on Non-Communicable Diseases: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Ghazanchaei ◽  
Davoud Khorasani-Zavareh ◽  
Javad Aghazadeh-Attari ◽  
Iraj Mohebbi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The Impact

Background: Patients with non-communicable diseases are vulnerable to disasters. This is a systematic review describing the impact of disasters on non-communicable diseases. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using PRISMA standards. Relevant articles published from 1997 to 2019 collected by searching the Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, databases. We specifically examined reports describing NCDs and including the key words “non-communicable disease and Disasters”. NCDs included cardiovascular, respiratory, diabetes, cancer and mental health diseases. Results: Of the 663 studies identified, only 48 articles met all the eligibility criteria. Most studies have shown the impact of all natural disasters on non-communicable diseases (39.8% n=19). The largest study was the effect of earthquakes on non-communicable diseases (29.2% n=14). For the NCDs targeted by this research, most of the included studies were a combination of four diseases: cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, diabetes and cancer (44% n=21). Followed by cardiovascular disease (14.6% n=7), chronic respiratory disease (12.5% n=6), diabetes and cancer (6.2% n=3) and mental health (12.5% n=6). Conclusion: The incidence of disasters affects the management of treatment and care for patients with NCDs. Specific measures include a multi-part approach to ensuring that patients with non-communicable diseases have access to life-saving services during and after disasters. The approach of the health system should be expanded from traditional approaches to disasters and requires comprehensive planning of health care by policy makers and health professionals to develop effective strategies to enable patients to access medical, therapeutic and diagnostic services in natural disasters.

scholarly journals Effects of exercise training on physical and psychosocial health in children with chronic respiratory disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Joschtel ◽  
Sjaan R Gomersall ◽  
Sean Tweedy ◽  
Helen Petsky ◽  
Anne B Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Standard Mean Difference ◽  
Children With Asthma

IntroductionChronic disease in children is increasing, including the prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma, cystic fibrosis (CF), bronchiectasis and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of exercise training on health outcomes in children with chronic respiratory disease.MethodFive databases were searched for randomised controlled trials investigating the effects of exercise training on children with chronic respiratory disease. Following the PRISMA guidelines, eligible studies were identified and data were extracted. A meta-analysis was conducted for the outcomes cardiovascular fitness, lung function and quality of life (QoL).ResultsThe initial search returned 3688 papers. Twenty-seven (17 in children with asthma, 10 in children with CF) were included in the systematic review and 24 of these were included in the meta-analysis. No studies were identified in children with bronchiectasis or BPD. Included papers had a total of 1009 participants aged 8–20 years. In addition to cardiovascular fitness, lung function and QoL, studies also assessed pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, muscular strength and inflammation. Meta-analysis showed a large significant effect size in favour of exercise for cardiovascular fitness (peak VO2) (standard mean difference (SMD)=1.16, 95%  CI 0.61 to 1.70) and QoL (SMD=1.27, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.82) as well as a small, non-significant effect size for lung function (FEV1) (SMD=0.02, 95% CI -0.38 to 0.42).ConclusionExercise training significantly improves cardiovascular fitness and QoL in children with asthma and CF. Further research is needed, particularly in children with bronchiectasis and BPD.

Parent Physical Activity: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Recommendations for Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Norah L. Johnson ◽  
Abir K. Bekhet ◽  
Rachel Sawdy ◽  
Emily Zint ◽  
June Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Barriers To Physical Activity

Background: The aims of this review were to describe exercise interventions, facilitators, and barriers to physical activity for parents of children with autism spectrum disorder. Methods: A systematic review of the literature, appraising the validity of each article with Melnyk and Fineout-Overholt’s level of evidence, from different databases CINAHL, Cochrane, PsycINFO, PubMed, ProQuest, and Web of Science between 2000 and 2020 was conducted. As the initial search revealed no articles on exercise interventions and only 2 articles with children with autism spectrum disorder, the aim was widened to all parents of children. Results: Forty-five articles were identified on barriers to physical activity including being the primary caregiving parent, perception of guilt and selfishness, and adhering to exercise programs they do as part of research, once research ends. Facilitators for physical activity including parents being more likely to exercise if they can bring their child with them and parents preferring exercise that is a lifelong habit, such as walking. Conclusions: Due to the lack of research on parents of children with autism spectrum disorder, recommendations include development and testing of interventions for parents of children with this condition including family-based exercise interventions where children and parents have a choice to exercise together.

scholarly journals Changes in physical activity during hospital admission for chronic respiratory disease

Respirology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 652-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Orme ◽  
Theresa C. Harvey‐Dunstan ◽  
Ismet Boral ◽  
Emma J.L. Chaplin ◽  
S. Fayyaz Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease

scholarly journals 8th International Conference on Management and Rehabilitation of Chronic Respiratory Failure: the Long Summaries

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolino Ambrosino ◽  
Richard Casaburi ◽  
Alfredo Chetta ◽  
Enrico Clini ◽  
Claudio F. Donner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Temporal Sequence ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Failure ◽  
Copd Exacerbation ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Long Term Ventilation

This paper summarizes Part 1 of the proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Management and Rehabilitation of Chronic Respiratory Failure, held in Pescara, Italy, on 7 and 8 May, 2015. It summarizes the contributions from numerous experts in the field of chronic respiratory disease and chronic respiratory failure. The outline follows the temporal sequence of presentations. This paper (Part 1) includes sections regarding: Advances in Asthma and COPD Therapy (Novel Therapeutic Targets for Asthma: Proteinases, Blood Biomarker Changes in COPD Patients); The problem of Hospital Re-Admission following Discharge after the COPD Exacerbation (Characteristics of the Hospitalized COPD Patient, Reducing Hospital Readmissions Following COPD Exacerbation). This paper summarizes Part 2 of the proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Management and Rehabilitation of Chronic Respiratory Failure, held in Pescara, Italy, on 7 and 8 May, 2015. It summarizes the contributions from numerous experts in the field of chronic respiratory disease and chronic respiratory failure. The outline follows the temporal sequence of presentations. This paper (Part 2) includes sections regarding: Promoting Physical Activity across the Spectrum of COPD (Physical activity: definitions, measurements, and significance; Increasing Physical Activity through Pharmacotherapy in COPD); Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Critical Illness (Complex COPD with comorbidities and its impact during acute exacerbation; Collaborative Self-Management in COPD: A Double-Edged Sword?; and Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Critical Illness. This paper summarizes Part 3 of the proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Management and Rehabilitation of Chronic Respiratory Failure, held in Pescara, Italy, on 7 and 8 May, 2015. It summarizes the contributions from numerous experts in the field of chronic respiratory disease and chronic respiratory failure. The outline follows the temporal sequence of presentations. This paper (Part 3) presents a section regarding Moving Across the Spectrum of Care for Long-Term Ventilation (Moving Across the Spectrum of Care for Long-Term Ventilation, New Indications for Non-Invasive Ventilation, Elective Ventilation in Respiratory Failure - Can you Prevent ICU Care in Patients with COPD?, Weaning in Long-Term Acute Care Hospitals in the United States, The Difficult-to-Wean Patient: Comprehensive management, Telemonitoring in Ventilator-Dependent Patients, Ethics and Palliative Care in Critically-Ill Respiratory Patients, and Ethics and Palliative Care in Ventilator-Dependent Patients).

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