scholarly journals A combined tie-fastening method for the reusable surgical gown with two neck tie belts to improve wearing comfort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Hui Chang ◽  
Yu-Ling Chen ◽  
Shu-Yi Dai
Keyword(s):  
Medical Staff ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Surgical Gown ◽  
Surgical Gowns ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Objective The reusable surgical gowns made of slippery materials have the tendency to slip down as they are being worn. The rear neck tie(s) can sometimes loosen, and this would cause the surgical gown to slip down somewhat, making the medical staff feel uncomfortable. To fasten the neck ties of the surgical gown with 2 neck tie belts, we proposed a simplified method of fastening the 2 sets of tie belts together as one tie, instead of fastening them separately. We evaluated this combined tying method for its ability to secure the gown and its wearing comfort.Results We found that combined tying tends to loosen more than separate tying after vigorous upper extremities exercise. But, for wearing comfort during the actual performance of the surgeries, the combined tying method was significantly better than the separate tying method. As a result, for reusable surgical gowns that have 2 rear neck ties, we suggest the 2 sets of rear neck ties could be fastened together as one combined tie. With this, tying could be performed easier and faster, and wearing comfort could be improved.

scholarly journals A Combined Tie-Fastening Method for the Reusable Surgical Gown with Two Neck Tie Belts to Improve Wearing Comfort

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Kai-Hui Chang ◽  
Yu-Ling Chen ◽  
Shu-Yi Dai
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Surgical Practice ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Surgical Gown ◽  
Edge Separation ◽  
Surgical Gowns

The reusable surgical gowns made of slippery materials have the tendency to slip down as they are being worn. The rear neck tie(s) can sometimes loosen, and this causes the surgical gown to slip down somewhat, making the surgical staff members feel uncomfortable. If the gowns have two rear neck ties with a tendency of loosening and allowing the gowns to slip down, the surgical staff members feel more uncomfortable when there is only one tie loosening but the other tie is tethering. To fasten the neck ties of the surgical gown with two neck tie belts, we propose a simplified method of fastening the two sets of tie belts together as one tie, instead of fastening them separately. The object of this study is to evaluate this combined tying method for its ability to secure the gown and its wearing comfort. We enrolled five volunteers to evaluate the tie loosening condition of the reusable surgical gowns with two sets of rear neck tie belts after a series of upper limb motion exercises while wearing and not wearing the X-ray protective apron beneath the gown. The amount of uppermost rear neck cloth edge separation was recorded before and after the exercise. We also evaluated the wearing comfort of five enrolled operating surgeons for comparing the original and this modified tying method while wearing and not wearing the X-ray protective apron. In the results, we found that combined tying tends to have significantly more rear gown separation (0.94 cm) than separate tying (0.27 cm) after vigorous upper extremities exercise. However, during the actual performance of the surgeries, the rear neck tie(s) loosening and wearing discomfort of the combined tying method was significantly less than using the separate tying method (loosening: 0% vs. 30%) (discomfort: 0% vs. 35%) while the X-ray protective apron was not worn. For reusable surgical gowns that have two rear neck ties, we suggest the two sets of rear neck ties could be fastened together as one combined tie in routine surgical practice. With this, tying could be performed easier and faster, and wearing comfort could be improved.

Sex and Birth Order in Children's Goal Setting and Actual Performance of a Gross Motor Task

1981 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 663-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn G. Hall ◽  
Amelia M. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Complete Data ◽  
School Age ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Elementary School Age ◽  
Better Than

This study investigated the effect of birth order and sex on goal setting and actual performance by boys and girls of elementary school age on a ring-toss task. Children were asked to give a verbal estimate of the number of successful trials out of 10 they expected to complete. Data were analyzed by 2 (sex) × 2 (birth order) analyses of variance. Results indicated that firstborn boys set higher goals and performed significantly better than later-born boys, firstborn girls or later-born girls.

scholarly journals A motor imagery during blind action is guided by the same foci of attention as actual performance in a sample comprising females

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Bassem Khalaf
Keyword(s):  
Mental Imagery ◽  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
External Focus ◽  
Deviation Measure ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Internal Focus ◽  
Perceptual Representations ◽  
Better Than

There is strong evidence that focussing on the goal of an action improves performance relative to focussing on the concrete motor behaviours. The current study tests whether blind action guided by imagery relies on the same foci of attention. Thirty female participants took part in an experiment. In each condition there were 20 trials, they were asked to close their eyes and draw a straight line between two landmarks on a graphics tablet. We instructed them, in three conditions, to focus on (1) mental imagery of the goal landmark (external focus of attention), (2) drawing a straight line with the fingers (internal focus), or (3) without a specific focus of attention (control). We tested to what extent these attention instructions affected drawing performance, in terms of both deviations of the participants’ lines from an ideal straight line, and the time it took to complete the line. The study revealed that the manipulation specifically affected the deviation measure and that an external focus of attention was better than an internal focus and the control condition. These findings reveal that that mental imagery during blind action relies on same processes as actual performance. These data give perceptual representations of a direct role in motor control. They will be related to current theories of action control (constrained action hypothesis, ideomotor theories, and dual task accounts).

scholarly journals (P1-36) Mass Casualty Incident Awareness of Remote Location Staff in Western Australia

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s110-s110
Author(s):  
R. Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mass Casualty Incident ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Population Spread ◽  
Complex Decision Making ◽  
Complex Decision ◽  
Remote Health ◽  
Better Than

IntroductionThe state of Western Australia has a remote population spread throughout an immense area. Remote health and retrieval is strained on a day-to-day basis, let alone in mass casualty incidents (MCIs). Anecdotally, remote medical staff has minimal training in MCI response. There is no research into how aware these staff is on principles of MCI response.MethodologyAn online survey was devised to ascertain the awareness and knowledge of medical staff most likely to be involved in a disaster. Demographic as well as questions in scenario format were disseminated to rural general practitioners (GPs), nurses and paramedics. Data was collected over a 4-month period.Results117 surveys were completed online. Analysis revealed an astute awareness of resources and environment in a potential MCI but triaging was poor and complex decision-making results were equivocal. Trained respondents handled scenarios better than experienced (MCI involvement or planning) respondents.ConclusionsIn general, remote medical staff is aware of only certain MCI principles. Further training is warranted. Voluntary feedback from these staff also strongly corroborated this view.

Fiber optic time break

Geophysics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 294-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton W. Kepic ◽  
R. D. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Time Lag ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Explosive Material ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Explosive Devices ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Better Than

Geophysical methods that use explosive seismic sources need to produce an accurate time break signal at the time of the blast. This is generally achieved with a seismic detonator, a special variety of electrical detonator (or cap) that is designed to have minimal latency between the injection of electrical current into the detonator and initiation of the explosion, as well as having a slightly higher base charge and better water resistance. A time‐break signal is obtained by either electronically controlling or monitoring the blast current. Seismic detonators are guaranteed to have better than a millisecond latency if sufficient current is injected into the leads; the necessary current is usually 5 to 10 amps. A millisecond tolerance is acceptable for most seismic work but may not be sufficient for shallow studies or for crosswell tomography. However, in fairness to the seismic detonator, the actual performance is generally better: Burrows (1936) and, independently, Rolland and White (1937) reported a time lag of less than 0.3 ms with a deviation of 0.1 ms. These values have changed little since the 1940s. The MK 2 from C.I.L. Inc. (a division of I.C.I.) has an average lag of 0.3–0.4 ms (personal communication with I.C.I. explosives). Major improvements in electric detonator design have been in the areas of safety and durability. A much greater disadvantage for explosive sources are the strict regulations on the transport and storage of explosive devices (Tour, 1992). The cost of complying with these regulations may prohibit the use of explosives in small surveys or in remote areas. An example is the transport of explosives by aircraft: the only passengers allowed on board are those neccesary for completing the flight and for transporting the explosives. Chartering an aircraft to transport a small amount of explosive material is too costly for many geotechnical and mining geophysics surveys.

Simulating Human Physiological Response with a Thermal Manikin Testing Different Non Active Medical Devices

2010 ◽  
Vol 636-637 ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iara Braga ◽  
M. José Abreu ◽  
F.M. Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Medical Device ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Thermal Manikin ◽  
Clothing Insulation ◽  
Temperature Development ◽  
Surgical Gown ◽  
Surgical Gowns ◽  
Selection Of

The thermal insulation of a clothing system represents a quantitative assessment of the way cloth provides thermal barrier to the user. One of this clothing systems, the surgical gown used in the operating theatre, is considered as a non-active medical device and obeys the Medical Device Directive 93/43/EEC. New materials and gowns are being developed, fitting the level of the barrier function with the comfort issues and therefore the selection of the most suitable gown is vital. During the last 60 years, thermal manikins have been used to measure clothing insulation and to assess the thermal environment regarding comfort issues. The main goal of the present study is the comparison of the thermal insulation values during the objective evaluation using the dry thermal manikin with the results obtained using an Infra-Red camera ThermaCAM, monitoring the temperature development of different surgical gowns at a constant skin temperature of 33 °C in neutral environmental conditions.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF PORE SIZE ANALYSIS OF EXISTING AND EXPERIMENTAL SURGICAL GOWNS

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 804-809
Author(s):  
Farzana Kishwar ◽  
Asif Hanif ◽  
Samia Kalsoom ◽  
Shahzad Alam ◽  
Mohammad Tariq Sohail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Pore Size Analysis ◽  
Surgical Gown ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Surgical Gowns

… Majority of the public and private sector hospitals are using reusable gowns andscrubs whereas only a few hospitals are using disposable ones. Protection during surgery is veryimportant both for the patient as well as for the surgeon. The reasons are not only hygienic butalso creating a barrier so that the bacteria and the viruses do not transfer from patient to doctorand vice versa. The surgical gowns have been in use for many decades. With the advancementsin the field of manufacturing (weaving and finishing), the quality of gowns has been improvingover the period of time. In Pakistan, there is no awareness yet regarding the construction ofsurgical apparels viz. surgical gowns and scrubs so no standards are being followed as suchduring the manufacturing (weaving & finishing) of surgical apparels. For effective barrier functionof surgical gowns and scrubs, it is necessary for them to comply with certain standards in terms ofphysical characteristics viz. mass per unit area, number of threads per unit length, tensilestrength etc. The idea behind this study was to evaluate the physical characteristics of surgicalgowns and scrubs currently being used in different public sector hospitals of Lahore. Objectives:(1) To evaluate the pore size of existing and experimental surgical gowns being used in differenthospitals of Lahore. (2) To compare the pore size analysis of existing surgical gowns withexperimental surgical gowns. Study Design: Experimental study design was used. Duration:January 2014- April 2014. Materials and Methods: Samples of fabric used for making surgicalgowns and scrubs were collected from different hospitals of Lahore and evaluated for pore sizewith the help of optic microscope. For experimental gowns the fabric was developed according tothe international standards. Pore size of surgical gowns was measured with the help of scanningelectron microscope. Results: The results showed large pores in existing surgical gown. Nolength or width wise pores in the experimental surgical gowns fabric except there are tiny holes of0.5 after 20 launderings. The existing reusable surgical gowns did not offer any resistance againstbacterial penetration because of large pores. Conclusions: The fabric used for the existingsurgical gowns was not up to the mark and did show large pores under microscope. Theexperimental surgical gown showed no pores in the fabric structure when subjected to scanningelectron microscope. The functional ability of resistance against bacterial penetration of thesurgical gowns is important because the risk of SSI. If the patient develops SSI weather it isgrades 1, 2 or 3, the cost is significant. The cost effectiveness of the existing reusable surgicalgowns becomes insignificant as none of the existing surgical gowns offer any resistance againstbacterial penetration and the risk of SSI with subsequent treatment cost. Necessary guidelinescan be formulated and proposed to the concerned departments of various hospitals, in the lightof which they can design some specifications and select appropriate materials for surgicalapparels in future.

Cognitive Optimism: Self-Deception or Memory-Based Processing Heuristics?

1998 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Metcalfe
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Wishful Thinking ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Optimistic Bias ◽  
Past Performance ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
New Material ◽  
Better Than

In a wide variety of cognitive tasks, people's expectations of what their own performance is, was, and will be are an overestimate of reality. After documenting a number of situations in which people exhibit such overconfidence, several reasons for it are discussed. It is suggested that in these situations, the optimistic bias is not attributable exclusively to self-deception or wishful thinking. Rather, the information yielded up by the cognitive system, in combination with the heuristics used for making judgments of future and past performance tailored to the specific questions asked of participants, produces a bias toward believing that one knows, knew, and will perform better than actual performance substantiates. Consequently, in the cognitive domain, the inflated beliefs that result in overconfidence also result in cessation of efforts before the correct solution of problems is ascertained, before accurate retrieval of memorial information is attained, or before adequate learning of new material has been accomplished. This effect seems in contrast to findings on people's moods and self-esteem in real-world or threatening situations that suggest that an optimistic bias in these domains be person protective and adaptive.

A study on ultrasonic welding of nonwovens used for surgical gowns

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-552
Author(s):  
Selin Hanife Eryuruk ◽  
Burçak Karagüzel Kayaoglu ◽  
Fatma Kalaoglu
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Ultrasonic Welding ◽  
Method Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Assembly Method ◽  
Surgical Gown ◽  
Surgical Gowns ◽  
Welding Technique

Purpose Surgical gowns should be designed and produced using special techniques to provide barrier properties against potential risks during surgery and healthcare procedures. Ultrasonic welding is one of these methods used to produce surgical gowns with determined barrier properties. The purpose of this paper is to analyse bond strength and permeability properties of ultrasonically welded nonwoven fabrics and compare them with traditional sewing techniques. Design/methodology/approach In this study, ultrasonic welding of nonwovens was performed to demonstrate its use as an assembly method. Performance requirements in the design of surgical gowns were determined. Fabric strengths and bond strengths of ultrasonic-welded and traditionally sewn fabrics were analysed. The performance properties, i.e., bond strength, air and water resistance of the fabrics and the joints obtained by ultrasonic and classical sewing methods were studied. Findings As a result, it was found that ultrasonic welding technique is a suitable method for joining layers in surgical gown production bringing the advantages of high water resistance together with acceptable bond strength. Originality/value The current study focuses on the use of ultrasonic welding of nonwovens used for disposable protective surgical gowns. Ultrasound welding technique was presented as an alternative to classic assembly methods and ultrasonic welding technology was applied to different fabric combinations simulating different layers in different joining sections of a surgical gown.

Effectiveness of Domain-Based Lexicons vis-à-vis General Lexicon for Aspect-Level Sentiment Analysis: A Comparative Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 1950033
Author(s):  
Madan Lal Yadav ◽  
Basav Roychoudhury
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
Text Classification ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Classification Algorithms ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Text Content ◽  
Better Than

One can either use machine learning techniques or lexicons to undertake sentiment analysis. Machine learning techniques include text classification algorithms like SVM, naive Bayes, decision tree or logistic regression, whereas lexicon-based sentiment analysis uses either general or domain-based lexicons. In this paper, we investigate the effectiveness of domain lexicons vis-à-vis general lexicon, wherein we have performed aspect-level sentiment analysis on data from three different domains, viz. car, guitar and book. While it is intuitive that domain lexicons will always perform better than general lexicons, the actual performance however may depend on the richness of the concerned domain lexicon as well as the text analysed. We used the general lexicon SentiWordNet and the corresponding domain lexicons in the aforesaid domains to compare their relative performances. The results indicate that domain lexicon used along with general lexicon performs better as compared to general lexicon or domain lexicon, when used alone. They also suggest that the performance of domain lexicons depends on the text content; and also on whether the language involves technical or non-technical words in the concerned domain. This paper makes a case for development of domain lexicons across various domains for improved performance, while gathering that they might not always perform better. It further highlights that the importance of general lexicons cannot be underestimated — the best results for aspect-level sentiment analysis are obtained, as per this paper, when both the domain and general lexicons are used side by side.

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