scholarly journals Powdered over fresh milk preference and hygienic dairy practices in Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruwini Rupasinghe ◽  
Ryen Morey ◽  
Miller Michele ◽  
Achala Manoji ◽  
Ayesha Salgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Powdered Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Fresh Milk ◽  
Bulk Milk

Abstract Background The majority of Sri Lankans may select imported powdered milk over fresh milk, and a significant portion of Gross Domestic Product in Sri Lanka is spent on dairy products imports. Demand for fresh milk may be hindered by consumer preference towards powdered milk consumption and the lack of hygienic standards for fresh milk. The current study was conducted to identify factors contributing to consumer preference for powdered milk and to evaluate hygienic best practices of dairy farms. Methods The study took place in Kandy district, Sri Lanka. Two surveys were conducted: the first survey included questions concerning demographics and reasons for milk preference was administered to a randomly selected population (n = 561); the second survey focused on hygienic practices in dairy farms, and was administered to owners of dairy farms (n = 195). Milk samples were collected from individual cows and bulk tanks and analyzed for coliform counts. Regression approaches were used to evaluate associations of demographic variables with milk preference, farm management practices with mastitis history, and coliform counts. Results A large consumer preference was observed for powdered milk (86%), and females were 2.2 times more likely to select powdered milk than males (P = 0.03). Availability was the main reason for powdered milk preference, whilst taste was the main reason for selecting fresh milk. Coliform counts were higher in most of the analyzed bulk milk samples and rinsing bulk milk tanks with warm water showed a significant reduction in milk coliform counts. Washing the teats with warm water had a lower mastitis risk when compared to washing teats with regular water. Conclusions Study revealed that in order to create a fresh milk drinking culture in Sri Lanka there needs to be a mechanism to make it more accessible to the consumers. Fresh milk marketing strategies need to be focused more on the female consumers. Farmer education on good hygienic practices, elimination of inefficiencies in both milk production and collection process, standardization of milk quality according to the number of microorganisms in milk would improve the quality of dairy products in Sri Lanka.

scholarly journals Importance of Enterococcus spp. for Forming a Biofilm

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (Special Issue 1) ◽  
pp. S354-S356 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Necidová ◽  
B. Janštová ◽  
S. Karpíšková ◽  
Š. Cupáková ◽  
M. Dušková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Formation Potential ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Dairy Plant ◽  
Plant Level

The aim of this study was to monitore the capability of <I>Enterococcus fecalis</I> and <I>Enterococcus fecium</I> to form biofilms. Enterococci isolates originated from individual milk, bulk milk samples and environmental swabs obtained at farm level, dairy plant level including semi and final dairy products. Biofilm formation potential was determined by growing the tested strains in glas tubes containing BHI medium. The capability of forming biofilms was detected in 28% of <I>Enterococcus</I> spp. strains. Higher number of biofilm forming strains of the <I>Enterococcus faecium</I> (33%) than <I>Enterococcus faecalis</I> (28%) has been registered. Isolates obtained at plant level were forming biofilms more often than isolates from plant level and in final products (cheese and curd cheese), no isolate has been seen to be able to form biofilm.

Management practices associated with the bulk-milk prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in Canadian dairy farms

2010 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard G.M. Olde Riekerink ◽  
Herman W. Barkema ◽  
Daniel T. Scholl ◽  
Doris E. Poole ◽  
Dave F. Kelton
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Bulk Milk

COMPARISONS OF MASTITIS SCREENING TEST RESULTS FROM QUARTER, BUCKET AND BULK MILK SAMPLES1,2

1967 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Postle
Keyword(s):  
Test Scores ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Leukocyte Counts ◽  
Bulk Tank ◽  
One Year

Summary Milk from four dairy farms in southern Wisconsin was examined over a period of one year in a study that was undertaken: (a) to determine the agreement between results of mastitis screening tests when applied to bulk, bucket and quarter milk samples; (b) to determine the relative efficiencies of five mastitis screening tests using direct microscopic leukocyte counts as a standard, and (c) to examine the quality, as determined by leukocyte content and screening test results, of the milk from all quarters contributing to the bulk tank on each farm. Most screening tests examined, when applied to quarter milk samples, gave a higher correlation with direct microscopic leukocyte counts than when applied to either bucket or bulk milk samples. Similarly, efficiency ratings of screening tests applied to quarter samples were higher than those for the same tests applied to bulk samples. Three of the four farms examined maintained bulk tank milk screening test scores that failed to suggest the presence of milk from a substantial number of quarters that were shedding abnormal numbers of leukocytes.

scholarly journals Relationship between management practices and calf welfare in mid- country dairy farms in Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
W. P. C. G. Weerasinghe ◽  
E. Rajapaksha ◽  
W. W. D. A. Gunawardena ◽  
T. S. Samarakone
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Dairy Farms

A COMPARISON OF SCREENING TESTS TO DETECT ABNORMAL MILK1

1969 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 365-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Nageswararao ◽  
H. E. Calbert
Keyword(s):  
Optical Density ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Fresh Milk ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Microscopic Count ◽  
Insignificant Correlation

The results of the Feulgen-DNA-color optical density and score, the California mastitis test (CMT) score, viscosity developed in milk samples by addition of equal volume of CMT reagent, the catalase test, the (direct microscopic count bf leucocytes, and the proportion of live leucocytes were compared using fresh, quarter, and bucket milk samples and 1 to 2 day old bulk milk samples. The Feulgen-DNA-color gave. good correlations with all the tests in all types of samples, except with the CMT of bulk samples. The CMT score and viscosity gave good correlations with all the tests on fresh milk samples and insignificant correlation with stored milk samples. The catalase test gave good correlations with all other tests in fresh samples and low but significant correlations with stored samples. Quarter and bucket milk samples contained 71% and 74% live leucocytes and bulk milk samples contained 42% live leucocytes. Holding of milk at 5 C for 5 days did not significantly change the Feulgen-DNA-color and catalase activity, slightly increased total leucocyte counts, but gradually decreased the CMT score, the viscosity, and the proportion of live leucocytes. The Feulgcn-DNA-color of milk samples containing few millions of leucocytes and the direct microscopic count of total, leucocytes gave poor reproducibility.

Composition and enzymatic activity in bulk milk from dairy farms with conventional or robotic milking systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Johansson ◽  
Åse Lundh ◽  
Ruben de Vries ◽  
Kerstin Svennersten Sjaunja
Keyword(s):  
Whey Proteins ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Swedish Dairy ◽  
Lower Protein ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Robotic Milking

The objective of the studies reported in this research communication was to investigate differences in composition and enzymatic activities in bulk milk samples provided from Swedish dairy farms with different management systems, i.e. automated (AMS) and conventional milking systems (CMS). A bulk milk sample was collected from each of 104 dairy farms, 51 using AMS and 53 using CMS, located in the same geographical region. Sampling took place within two consecutive days during the indoor period (October). Milk samples were analysed for contents of total fat and protein, free fatty acids (FFA), caseins and whey proteins, somatic cell count (SCC), pH, plasmin and plasminogen derived activities, and total proteolysis. Our results showed a lower protein content and higher SCC in bulk milk from AMS herds compared with milk from CMS herds. Plasmin, plasminogen and total plasmin/ plasminogen derived activities were lower in milk from AMS herds but despite this, total casein and the ß-casein fraction as % of total protein were lower in milk from AMS herds than in milk from herds using CMS. Total proteolysis was higher in milk from AMS herds, suggesting that other proteases than plasmin, e.g. cellular and bacterial proteases, contributed to the degradation of casein. This was supported by a positive correlation between SCC and total proteolysis (P < 0·01), as well as a negative correlation between total proteolysis and ß-casein fraction (P < 0·05). In conclusion, comparing the quality of bulk milk from commercial dairy herds using AMS and CMS, respectively, several differences were observed, suggesting a significant effect from management system.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Psychrotrophic Bacteria During Frozen Storage of Raw Milk

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
S Ahmed ◽  
S MMR Sumon ◽  
MD Hossain ◽  
ABM Rubayet Bostami ◽  
MM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Frozen Storage ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Psychrotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Large Farms

The study was aimed to enumerate the load of psychrotrophic bacteria in raw milk stored in freezer. Raw milk was collected from 18 different sized dairy farms located in Gazipur and Mymensingh district. From each location equal number (three of each) of small, medium or large farms were randomly selected. The raw milk samples were stored in freezer (-18 to -22 oC) for 28 days and analyzed for psychrotrophic bacterial load at every 7 days interval. For total viable count, bacteria was grown onto plate count agar at 70C for 10 days. Bacteria grown under such conditions referred as psychrotrophs. However, to determine the type of psychrotrophs selected colonies were grown further onto pseudomonas agar base and gram staining, oxidase, catalase and methyl red test for each isolate were perfomed. The psychrotrophic bacterial load in all the samples were low until 14 days of storage. However, from the third week of storage the bacterial load was observed to increase which reached to as high as 1.1 ± 2.3×107 cfu/mL at the end of the storage period (28 days). The milk samples obtained from large farms were lower (1.3×105 to 6.6×106) than that of medium (1.7×105 to 8.8×106) and small (2.0×105 to 1.1×107) type farms. The bacterial load was significantly (P<0.01) varied among the samples suggesting the heterogeneous management practices in dairy farms. All the morphological and biochemical tests confirmed the isolates as pseudomonas. Based on the present findings, it could be suggested that raw milk can store in the freezer maximum for two weeks in terms of psychrotrophic bacterial load. Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2020) 24(1) : 65-76

An investigation into the relationship between milk progesterone concentrations in fore-milk and composite milk samples

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. McCoy ◽  
S.D. Lennox ◽  
C.S. Mayne ◽  
W.J. McCaughey ◽  
M. Verner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Sample ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Composite Sampling ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Luteal Tissue ◽  
On Farm ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractMilk progesterone concentrations are generally estimated on a composite, “jar”, sample from the bulk milk collecting jar, with concentrations >3 ng/ml considered as indicative of the presence of luteal tissue. However, on a number of dairy farms composite sampling is not possible as they operate a direct pipeline milking system, without milk meters, and the only practical means of obtaining a milk sample is via fore-milk sampling. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between progesterone concentrations, as estimated by an ELISA procedure, in fore-milk strippings and composite milk samples. A significant relationship (r2 = 0.83) was obtained between the progesterone concentration in composite milk and fore-milk samples; y = 1.52 - 1.41(0.163)x, where y = log10(composite progesterone) and x = log10(fore-milk progesterone). A milk progesterone concentration of 3 ng/ml in composite milk corresponded to a milk progesterone concentration of 1.47 ng/ml in fore-milk. Using this relationship progesterone profiles may be compared between herds where milk samples have been obtained by either composite milk or fore-milk sampling. In addition, composite milk samples only should be used with qualitative on-farm assays.

scholarly journals Pseudomonas spp. and P. fluorescens: population in refrigerated raw milk

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Molin de Almeida ◽  
Samera Rafaela Bruzaroski ◽  
Daniel Zanol ◽  
Marcela de Melo ◽  
Joice Sifuentes dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Psychrotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Bulk Tank

ABSTRACT: Raw milk samples were collected from cooling tanks (after they cooled for 48 h) in five dairy farms and the corresponding bulk tank (bulk milk transportation, BMT) when they arrived to the industry. Routine physical chemical analyzes and quantification of psychrotrophic ( Pseudomonas spp. and P. fluorescens ) and aerobic mesophilic (AM) populations were performed. Only relative density and titratable acidity values for samples of milk from three farms were in agreement to the quality parameters required by law. In the BMT, only the protein content has not reached the minimum value established by law, and counting was performed for AM (>105 colony forming units (CFU) mL-1) and psychrotrophic bacteria (2.8x106CFU mL-1). Pseudomonas spp. counting corresponded to 17.9% of the psychrotrophic population, and P. fluorescens was 3.4% of Pseudomonas spp . count. In milk samples from dairy farms, counts were variable for AM (3.4x105 to 3.7 x107CFU mL-1), psychrotrophic (4.0x104 to 3.1x106CFU mL-1), Pseudomonas spp. (2.3x104 to 1.8x105CFU mL-1), and P. fluorescens (62 to 8.4x103CFU mL-1). For the populations studied, no statistical difference (P>0.05) was observed between counts reported in milk samples collected in dairy farms (cooling tanks) and BMT. Therefore, the genera Pseudomonas spp. and P. fluorescens were not the most frequent psychrotrophic bacteria in this studied milk transportation line.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of industrialized powdered milk for infants and young children

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e46856
Author(s):  
Geysa Janne Sousa Silva ◽  
Fabelina Karollyne Silva dos Santos ◽  
Márcia Maria Mendes Marques ◽  
Ana Paula Peron
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Root Meristem ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
South American ◽  
Infant Formulas ◽  
Cellular Viability ◽  
Powdered Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Infants And Young Children

This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity and determine the LC50 concentration of powdered infant formulas widely marketed in South American countries. To this, milk samples, called as A, B, C and D, were analyzed in root meristem cells of Allium cepa, at concentrations of 0.075; 0.15 and 0.30 g mL-1, for 24 and 48 hours; and through cell viability in culture of normal line cells, via MTT test, for 24 hours, in the concentrations 0.018; 0.0375; 0.075 and 0.15 g mL-1. In A. cepa, all dairy products in the three concentrations caused significant inhibition of cell division in the meristems within the first 24 hours of exposure. In the in vitro evaluation, all milk formulas at 0.15 g mL-1, as well as milk A at a concentration of 0.037 g mL-1, C at 0.075 g mL-1 and D at 0.037 g mL-1, significantly reduced the cellular viability of the cell culture exposed to the foods studied, being potentially toxic. The milk A was considered the most toxic, with LC50 of 0.031 g mL-1, and B as the least toxic, with LC50 of 0.15 g mL-1. Therefore, the milk evaluated caused significant instability in cells of the test systems used and were characterized as cytotoxic.

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