scholarly journals Associations Between Muscle Mass, Muscle Morphology and Bone Health in Older Men With Sarcopenia: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asta Mastaviciute ◽  
Justina Kilaite ◽  
Donatas Petroska ◽  
Arvydas Laurinavičius ◽  
Marija Tamulaitiene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Muscle Fiber ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to explore the association between muscle mass, morphology, bone mineral density, and physical function in community-dwelling older men with sarcopenia.Methods: A total of 151 men, 60 years or older were included in this study. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Low bone mineral density was diagnosed if T-score was equal to or below -1.0 SD of mean young men reference range. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) criteria: low muscle mass and low muscle strength or low physical performance. Physical performance was evaluated by short physical performance battery. Microbiopsy of musculus vastus lateralis was performed with disposable muscle microbiopsy system. The perimeter and cross-section area of muscle fibers were calculated using image analysis software in whole slide images; type of fiber and their distribution were evaluated as well. Relationship between variables were examined using Spearman’s and Pearson’s correlations. The level of significance (p-value) of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Mean age of the subjects was 72.9 ± 8.02 years. Sarcopenia was diagnosed in 45 (29.8%) men. In the sarcopenia group, 25 muscle biopsies were examined. The average muscle fiber length was 217.47 ± 25.22 microm and average fiber cross-sectional area was 2446 ± 608.87 microm2. In 9 sarcopenic men with T-scores equal or below -2.5, the muscle fiber area had a significant correlation with balance test (r = 0.73, p = 0.025). Multiple significant correlations were found between bone mineral density, lean mass, appendicular lean mass, arm and leg lean mass, gait speed, balance test and handgrip strength.Conclusions: In men with sarcopenia, low lean muscle mass was associated with low femoral neck and hip BMD, and lower muscle strength. In sarcopenic men with osteoporosis, lower muscle fiber area was associated with lower scores of balance test.Trial registration: study protocol has been approved by Lithuanian regional biomedical research ethics committee (No. 158200-03-208-75).

scholarly journals Associations of Body Composition Trajectories with Bone Mineral Density, Muscle Function, Falls, and Fractures in Older Men: The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 939-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Scott ◽  
Markus J Seibel ◽  
Robert Cumming ◽  
Vasi Naganathan ◽  
Fiona Blyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mineral Density

Abstract Background Weight loss increases fracture risk in older adults. We aimed to determine associations of 2-year body composition trajectories with subsequent falls and fractures in older men. Methods We measured appendicular lean mass (ALM) and total fat mass (FM) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and Year 2 in 1,326 community-dwelling men aged ≥70 and older. Body composition trajectories were determined from residuals of a linear regression of change in ALM on change in FM (higher values indicate maintenance of ALM over FM), and a categorical variable for change in ALM and FM (did not lose [≥−5% change] versus lost [&lt;−5% change]). Bone mineral density (BMD), hand grip strength, and gait speed were assessed at Years 2 and 5. After Year 2, incident fractures (confirmed by radiographical reports) and falls were recorded for 6.8 years. Results Compared with men who did not lose ALM or FM, men who did not lose ALM but lost FM, and men who lost both ALM and FM, had reduced falls (−24% and −34%, respectively; both p &lt; .05). Men who lost ALM but did not lose FM had increased falls (incidence rate ratio = 1.73; 95% CI 1.37–2.18). ALM/FM change residuals were associated with improved lumbar spine BMD (B = 0.007; 95% CI 0.002–0.012 g/cm2 per SD increase) and gait speed (0.015; 0.001–0.029 m/s), and reduced hip fractures (hazard ratio = 0.68; 95% CI 0.47–0.99). Conclusions Fracture risk may be increased in older men who lose higher ALM relative to FM. Weight loss interventions for obese older men should target maintenance of lean mass.

scholarly journals Associations between Physical Function, Bone Density, Muscle Mass and Muscle Morphology in Older Men with Sarcopenia: A Pilot Study

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Asta Mastavičiūtė ◽  
Justina Kilaitė ◽  
Donatas Petroška ◽  
Arvydas Laurinavičius ◽  
Marija Tamulaitienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Balance Test

Background and Objectives: It is thought that muscle and bone interact only on a biomechanical level, however, some research is now emerging that links bone and muscle on a cellular level. The aim of this study was to explore associations between physical function, muscle mass and bone density in community-dwelling elderly men with sarcopenia. A secondary goal was to analyze if muscle morphology was associated with bone density and physical functioning. Materials and Methods: Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Bone density was evaluated according to WHO criteria. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) criteria: low muscle mass and low muscle strength or low physical performance. Microbiopsy of musculus vastus lateralis was performed with a disposable muscle microbiopsy system. The perimeter and cross-sectional area of muscle fibers were calculated using image analysis software in whole slide images; type of fibers and their distribution were evaluated as well. Results: A total of 151 men, 60 years or older were included in this study. Mean age of the subjects was 72.9 ± 8.02 years. Sarcopenia was diagnosed in 45 (29.8%) men. Multiple significant correlations were found between bone mineral density, lean mass, appendicular lean mass, arm and leg lean mass, gait speed, balance test and handgrip strength in sarcopenic men. Lean mass was associated with femoral neck BMD (bone mineral density; r = 0.418, p = 0.006) and handgrip strength (r = 0.553, p < 0.001). In the sarcopenia group, 25 muscle biopsies were examined. In 9 sarcopenic men with T-scores equal or below −2.5, the muscle fiber area had a significant correlation with the balance test (r = 0.73, p = 0.025). Conclusions: In men with sarcopenia, low lean muscle mass was associated with low femoral neck BMD and low muscle strength. In sarcopenic men with osteoporosis, low muscle fiber area was associated with low scores in a balance test.

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