Lower Extremity Physical Performance and Hip Bone Mineral Density in Elderly Black and White Men and Women: Cross-Sectional Associations in the Health ABC Study

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Osteoporosis and fragility fractures are an important public health problem. Although bone loss occurs with age universally, the incidence of bone loss fractures varies greatly between racial groups. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between calcium, protein and energy intake and the bone mineral density of the femoral neck in Brazilian black and white men. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a cross-sectional study, carried out in a teaching hospital in São Paulo. METHODS: The participants were 277 volunteer men, aged 50 years or older. The bone mineral density of the femoral neck (FNBMD) was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. The relationship between FNBMD and calcium, protein and energy intake, as assessed by a three-day food record, was analyzed using multiple linear regression models and was adjusted for age, height, physical activity and education level. The analysis was stratified by race (white and black). RESULTS: FNBMD presented similar means in the two racial groups (p = 0.538). Protein and energy intake did not show a significant correlation with FNBMD, either in the white or in the black population. Calcium intake showed a strong and independent correlation with FNBMD in the black men (partial r = 0.42). CONCLUSION: Calcium intake was a determinant of FNBMD for black men, aged 50 years or older, but not for the white ones.

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Racial differences in bone mineral density and fractures in men receiving androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2011.29.7_suppl.212 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 29 (7_suppl) ◽

pp. 212-212

Author(s):

A. K. Morgans ◽

M. L. Hancock ◽

G. Barnette ◽

M. S. Steiner ◽

R. A. Morton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Black Men ◽

Androgen Deprivation Therapy ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Vertebral Fractures ◽

White Men ◽

Percentage Change ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Black And White

212 Background: In the general population, black men have higher bone mineral density (BMD) and lower fracture rates than white men. Whether race influences bone loss and fracture risk during androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer is unknown. Using data from a recently completed prospective, randomized, clinical trial we compared BMD and fracture rates of black and white men receiving ADT for prostate cancer. Methods: Subjects in these analyses (n=516) were members of the placebo group of a two-year randomized controlled trial of toremifene to prevent fractures in men receiving ADT for prostate cancer. All subjects resided in United States and reported their race as either black (n=68) or white (n=448). We compared baseline characteristics, including BMD and prevalent vertebral fractures, between black (n=68) and white men (n=448). We also compared changes in BMD and rates of new vertebral fractures over the two year study period. Results: Black men had higher baseline hip BMD than white men (0.98 ± 0.15 g/m2 and 0.91 ± 0.15 g/m2, respectively; p=0.001). Black men had similar BMD of the spine (1.09 ± 0.22 g/m2 and 1.11 ± 0.22 g/m2 in black and white men, respectively; p=0.51), but fewer prevalent vertebral fractures (7.4% versus 15.0%; p=0.13). Changes in BMD from baseline to 24 months were similar between black and white men (total hip percentage change −2.54 ± 0.26 in white men and −2.09 ± 0.60 in black men; p=0.55; lumbar spine percentage change −1.30 ± 0.33 in white men and −1.67 ± 0.71 in black men; p<0.71). Rates of new vertebral fractures trended towards being lower in black men (1.15% of black men versus 4.83% of white men; relative risk 0.24; p<0.12). Conclusions: Among men receiving ADT for prostate cancer, black men had higher baseline BMD at the hip and fewer prevalent vertebral fractures. Changes in BMD during ongoing ADT were similar for black and white men. Consistent with lower baseline risk for fracture, however, black men had fewer new vertebral fractures than white men. [Table: see text]

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Racial Differences in Bone Density between Young Adult Black and White Subjects Persist after Adjustment for Anthropometric, Lifestyle, and Biochemical Differences*†

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jcem.82.2.3732 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 82 (2) ◽

pp. 429-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Bruce Ettinger ◽

Stephen Sidney ◽

Steven R. Cummings ◽

Cesar Libanati ◽

Daniel D. Bikle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Density ◽

Racial Differences ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

White Women ◽

White Men ◽

Care Program ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Percentage Density ◽

Black And White

Abstract This study tested whether racial differences in bone density can be explained by differences in bone metabolism and lifestyle. A cohort of 402 black and white men and women, ages 25–36 yr, was studied at the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program in Northern California, a prepaid health plan. Body composition (fat, lean, and bone mineral density) was measured using a Hologic-2000 dual-energy x-ray densitometer. Muscle strength, blood and urine chemistry values related to calcium metabolism, bone turnover, growth factors, and level of sex and adrenal hormones were also measured. Medical history, physical activity, and lifestyle were assessed. Statistical analyses using t- and chi-square tests and multiple regression were done to determine whether racial difference in bone density remained after adjustment for covariates. Bone density at all skeletal sites was statistically significantly greater in black than in white subjects; on average, adjustment for covariates reduced the percentage density differences by 42% for men and 34% for women. Adjusted bone density at various skeletal sites was 4.5–16.1% higher for black than for white men and was 1.2–7.3% higher for black than for white women. We concluded that racial differences in bone mineral density are not accounted for by clinical or biochemical variables measured in early adulthood.

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Associations Between Muscle Mass, Muscle Morphology and Bone Health in Older Men With Sarcopenia: A Cross-sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-66725/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Asta Mastaviciute ◽

Justina Kilaite ◽

Donatas Petroska ◽

Arvydas Laurinavičius ◽

Marija Tamulaitiene ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Muscle Fiber ◽

Lean Mass ◽

Older Men ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Balance Test ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to explore the association between muscle mass, morphology, bone mineral density, and physical function in community-dwelling older men with sarcopenia.Methods: A total of 151 men, 60 years or older were included in this study. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Low bone mineral density was diagnosed if T-score was equal to or below -1.0 SD of mean young men reference range. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) criteria: low muscle mass and low muscle strength or low physical performance. Physical performance was evaluated by short physical performance battery. Microbiopsy of musculus vastus lateralis was performed with disposable muscle microbiopsy system. The perimeter and cross-section area of muscle fibers were calculated using image analysis software in whole slide images; type of fiber and their distribution were evaluated as well. Relationship between variables were examined using Spearman’s and Pearson’s correlations. The level of significance (p-value) of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Mean age of the subjects was 72.9 ± 8.02 years. Sarcopenia was diagnosed in 45 (29.8%) men. In the sarcopenia group, 25 muscle biopsies were examined. The average muscle fiber length was 217.47 ± 25.22 microm and average fiber cross-sectional area was 2446 ± 608.87 microm2. In 9 sarcopenic men with T-scores equal or below -2.5, the muscle fiber area had a significant correlation with balance test (r = 0.73, p = 0.025). Multiple significant correlations were found between bone mineral density, lean mass, appendicular lean mass, arm and leg lean mass, gait speed, balance test and handgrip strength.Conclusions: In men with sarcopenia, low lean muscle mass was associated with low femoral neck and hip BMD, and lower muscle strength. In sarcopenic men with osteoporosis, lower muscle fiber area was associated with lower scores of balance test.Trial registration: study protocol has been approved by Lithuanian regional biomedical research ethics committee (No. 158200-03-208-75).

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Association of bone mineral density with the development of knee osteoarthritis in men and women: a cross-sectional study using the fourth and fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

Archives of Osteoporosis ◽

10.1007/s11657-020-00793-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sang Hyun Jeon ◽

Kyoung Geun Lee ◽

Man Soo Kim

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

National Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Health And Nutrition

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Evaluation of Differences in Bone-Mineral Density in 51 Men Age 65–93 Years: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.11.4.470 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 470-486 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Joyce E. Ballard ◽

Lorraine S. Wallace ◽

David B. Holiday ◽

Cassandra Herron ◽

Liberty L. Harrington ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Age Groups ◽

White Men ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Lean Tissue ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of

This study assessed differences in bone-mineral density (BMD) and lean and fat tissues between 5 age groups of White men age 65–93 years. Lean and fat tissues were measured with absorptiometry and anthropometry, and BMD, with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Forearm, spinal, and femoral T scores were used to classify BMD as normal, osteopenic, or osteoporotic. A questionnaire evaluated previous physical activity, calcium intake, and bone fractures. Significantly lower values in body weight, lean tissue, and forearm BMD occurred in the older age groups. Significant, positive relationships were found between total lean tissue and radial, spinal, and hip BMDs. For the total group, osteopenic and osteoporotic T scores, respectively, were femoral neck 70.6% and 9.8%, radius 27.5% and 25.5%, and spine 25.5% and 7.8%. Differences in BMD values were found between levels of lifestyle factors (dietary calcium and history of previous fractures). In conclusion, elderly men should be encouraged to maintain adequate total lean tissue because of its association with BMD.

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Triglyceride Glucose-Body Mass Index is a Reliable Indicator of Bone Mineral Density and Risk of Osteoporotic Fracture in Middle-Aged and Elderly Nondiabetic Chinese Individuals

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1011856/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhang-Xin Wen ◽

Yong-Fang Li ◽

Lu-Lu Xu ◽

Chun Yue ◽

Qin-Yi Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Femoral Neck ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Elderly Chinese ◽

Femoral Neck Geometry

Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationship of triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) with bone mineral density, femoral neck geometry, and risk of fracture in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals. Methods: A total of 832 nondiabetic individuals (474 men aged ≥50 years and 358 postmenopausal women) were selected from the prospective population-based HOPE cohort. All individuals underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip, as well as femoral neck geometry. The 10-year probabilities of major osteoporotic fractures (MOFs) and hip fractures (HFs) were calculated. Correlations of TyG-BMI with BMD at different sites, femoral neck geometry, and risk of fractures were examined in men and women. Results: Cortical thickness (CT), compression strength index (CSI), cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI), cross-sectional area (CSA), section modulus (SM), and 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in women (all P < 0.001). The presence of osteoporosis was related to age, BMI, BMD and femoral neck geometry, TyG-BMI index and TyG index, MOF and HF in both sex. TyG-BMI was positively correlated with BMD at femoral neck, lumber spine, and total hip and with femoral neck geometry parameters in men, Similar significant association was also present in women. In men, TyG-BMI showed significant negative correlation with HF but not with MOF. In women, TyG-BMI showed significant negative correlation with both factors only after adjusting for other variable. The various geometric indices of the femoral neck were 3 significantly impaired in individuals with low TyG-BMI. the TyG-BMI index was found to be significantly associated with osteoporosis after adjusting for confounders. Conclusion: TyG-BMI is positively associated with BMD and femoral neck geometry, and negatively associated with risk of fracture in nondiabetic middle-aged and elderly Chinese men and women.

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