scholarly journals Building low intensity psychosocial support for Syrian refuge families in Istanbul

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stevan Merrill Weine ◽  
Aliriza Arenliu ◽  
Vahdet Görmez ◽  
Scott Langenecker ◽  
Hakan Demirtas
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Family Intervention ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Task Sharing ◽  
Research Capacity Building ◽  
Humanitarian Emergency ◽  
Low Intensity

Abstract Background: The study is located in Istanbul, Turkey, where more than 750,000 Syrian refugees reside, largely in urban settings. It develops and pilot tests a novel model for helping urban refugee families in settings with limited to no access to evidence-based mental health services for refugees, by delivering a transdiagnostic family intervention for common mental disorders in health and non-health sector settings using a task-sharing approach. This case study addresses the following question: How can we address the common mental disorders of both children and parents, and support protective family resilience processes, through a low intensity trans-diagnostic family support intervention? Discussion: The rapidly growing scale of humanitarian crises requires new response capabilities geared towards addressing populations with prolonged high vulnerability to mental health consequences and limited to no access to mental health, health, and social resources. We faced multiple challenges in conducting this research including: 1) identifying local academic partners with research capacity, including in implementation science; 2) lack of culture of partnership between academics and humanitarian organizations; 3) getting local clinicians to embrace on a task-sharing model; 4) cultural competency of local and U.S. partners for refugee population; 5) getting local academics to focus on humanitarian emergency; 6) planning for a family intervention that would work with families with rigid gender role perspectives; 7) multiple social and economic problems that could not be solved, such as children working; 8) engagement challenges due to high demands on families. Through the research process, the research team learned lessons concerning: 1) building a coalition of academic and humanitarian organization partners; 2) investing in research capacity building of local partners; 3) working in a community-collaborative and multi-disciplinary approach to best understand and address socio-cultural, contextual, practical and scientific challenges needed to develop and implement the new family support model. Conclusion: Conducting research in humanitarian emergency settings calls for significant attention to building a coalition of academic and humanitarian organization partners, investing in research capacity building of local partners, and working in a community-collaborative and multi-disciplinary approach.

scholarly journals Conducting research on building psychosocial support for Syrian refugee families in a humanitarian emergency

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stevan Merill Weine ◽  
Aliriza Arënliu ◽  
Vahdet Görmez ◽  
Scott Lagenecker ◽  
Hakan Demirtas
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Emergency Setting ◽  
Task Sharing ◽  
Humanitarian Emergency ◽  
Refugee Families ◽  
Conducting Research

AbstractBackgroundThis case study describes research, which is located in Turkey, where more than 750,000 Syrian refugees reside autonomously in Istanbul. The research developed and pilot tested a novel model for helping urban refugee families with limited to no access to evidence-based mental health services, by delivering a transdiagnostic family intervention for common mental disorders in health and non-health sector settings using a task-sharing approach. This case study addresses the following question: What challenges were encountered in developing and piloting a low intensity trans-diagnostic family support intervention in a humanitarian emergency setting?DiscussionThe rapidly growing scale of humanitarian crises requires new response capabilities geared towards addressing populations with prolonged high vulnerability to mental health consequences and limited to no access to mental health, health, and social resources.The research team faced multiple challenges in conducting this research in a humanitarian emergency setting including: 1) Non-existent or weak partnerships geared towards mental health research in a humanitarian emergency; 2) Lack of familiarity with task-sharing; 3).Insufficient language and cultural competency; 3) Fit with families’ values and demands; 4) Hardships of urban refugees. Through the research process, the research team learned lessons concerning: 1) building a coalition of academic and humanitarian organization partners; 2) investing in the research capacity building of local researchers and partners; 3) working in a community-collaborative and multi-disciplinary approach.ConclusionConducting research in humanitarian emergency settings calls for innovative collaborative and multidisciplinary approaches to understanding and addressing many sociocultural, contextual, practical and scientific challenge.

Common mental disorders among women and its social correlates in an urban marginalized populace in South India

2021 ◽  
pp. 002076402110255
Author(s):  
Aiswarya R Nair ◽  
Yeshvanth Kumar Gubbi Shivanna ◽  
Jesson Paulson Illimoottil ◽  
Arun Rachana ◽  
Gowri S Mahasampath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Support System ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Religious Participation ◽  
Medical Illness

Background: Common mental disorders (CMD) cause a range of health, social and economic burden, and disorders like depression and anxiety are more prevalent among women. Prevalence and factors contributing to increased vulnerability for CMDs have regional variation. Identification of factors contributing to the vulnerability is essential to both psychiatric epidemiology and in addressing mental health challenges in the community. Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed at understanding the burden of CMD and its association with social determinants of mental health. Women hailing from urban slum attending the outpatient family care facility for their medical problems constituted the sample. Data was collected using a clinical research form with variables such as sociodemographic profile, health profile, and psychosocial profile. The questionnaire had specific questions on indicators of poverty, certain stressors, and support system. Presence of CMD was assessed using Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised (CIS-R), a standard tool for CMD research in primary care settings. A cut off score of 12 and above was considered for detecting CMD. Research ethical principles were adhered to and data was analyzed using SPSS 21.0. Results: Among 172 women, 77 (44.8%) were diagnosed to have CMDs. Univariate analysis revealed a significant association between age, marital status, living arrangement, educational level, difficulty with buying food, presence of debt, chronic medical illness, husband’s alcohol use, marital satisfaction, experiencing abuse, family support, religious participation, and a diagnosis of CMD. Multivariate analysis showed high burden with nuclear family arrangement, difficulty to buy food, experiencing abuse and, low burden with higher educational level, family support, and religious participation. Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence and the treatment gap of CMDs in primary setting, family-physician should be sensitized for detection and management of CMDs. Social interventions targeting poverty, women’s education and empowerment, and support system are likely to decrease the burden of CMDs in this population.

The WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys

2009 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Aguilar-Gaxiola ◽  
J. Alonso ◽  
S. Chatterji ◽  
S. Lee ◽  
T. B. Üstün ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
World Mental Health ◽  
Prevalence Estimates

SummaryThe paper presents an overview of the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative and summarizes recent WMH results regarding the prevalence and societal costs of mental disorders. The WMH surveys are representative community surveys that were carried out in 28 countries throughout the world aimed at providing information to mental health policy makers about the prevalence, burden, and unmet need for treatment of common mental disorders. Results show that mental disorders are commonly occurring in all participating countries. The inter-quartile range (IQR: 25th-75th percentiles) of lifetime DSM-IV disorder prevalence estimates (combining anxiety, mood, disruptive behavior, and substance disorders) is 18.1-36.1%. The IQR of 12-month prevalence estimates is 9.8-19.1%. Analysis of age-of-onset reports shows that many mental disorders begin in childhood-adolescence and have significant adverse effects on subsequent role transitions. Adult mental disorders are found in the WMH data to be associated with high levels of role impairment. Despite this burden, the majority of mental disorders go untreated. Although these results suggest that expansion of treatment could be cost-effective from both the employer perspective and the societal perspective, treatment effectiveness trials are needed to confirm this suspicion. The WMH results regarding impairments are being used to target several such interventions.

Is Pacific language ability protective of prevalence of mental disorders among Pacific peoples in New Zealand?

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eirenei Taua'i ◽  
Rose Richards ◽  
Jesse Kokaua
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Language Promotion

Aims: To explore associations between experiences of mental illness, migration status and languages spoken among Pacific adults living in NZ. Methods: SURVEY FREQ and SURVEY LOGISTIC procedures in SAS were applied to data from Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand (NZ) Mental Health Survey, a survey of 12,992 New Zealand adults aged 16 and over in 2003/2004. Pacific people were over sampled and this paper focuses on the 2374 Pacific participants but includes, for comparison, 8160 non-Maori-non-Pacific (NMNP) participants. Results: Pacific migrant respondents had the lowest prevalence of mental disorders compared to other Pacific peoples. However, Pacific immigrants were also less likely to use mental health services, suggesting an increased likelihood of experiencing barriers to available mental health care. Those who were born in NZ and who were proficient in a Pacific language had the lowest levels of common mental disorders, suggesting a protective effect for the NZ-born population. Additionally, access to mental health services was similar between NZ-born people who spoke a Pacific language and those who did not. Conclusions: We conclude that, given the association between Pacific language and reduced mental disorder, there may be a positive role for Pacific language promotion in efforts to reduce the prevalence of mental health disorder among Pacific communities in NZ.

Evidence-Based Practice in School Mental Health

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Adolescent Psychopathology ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
School Based ◽  
K 12

Schools have become the default mental health providers for children and adolescents, but they are often poorly equipped to meet the mental health needs of their students. The introduction tackles how to make students eligible for school-based services using the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act or Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. Using the new DSM-5 as an organizing principle, this book then addresses the 12 most common mental disorders of childhood and adolescence, ages 3–18. While there are many books that address child and adolescent psychopathology, this book focuses on how to help students with mental disorders in pre-K–12 schools. Each chapter addresses the prevalence of a disorder in school-age populations, appropriate diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, comorbid disorders, rapid assessment instruments available, school-based interventions using multitiered systems of support, and easy-to-follow suggestions for progress monitoring. Unique to this book, each chapter has detailed suggestions for how school-based clinicians can collaborate with teachers, parents, and community providers to address the needs of youth with mental health problems so that school, home, and community work together. Each chapter ends with a list of extensive web resources and a real-life case example drawn from the clinical practice of the authors. The final chapter addresses two newly proposed diagnoses for self-harm in the DSM-5 and brings a cautious and sensible approach to assessing and helping students who may be at risk for serious self-injury or suicide.

scholarly journals Common Mental Disorders and Substance Use in School Children of Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
P Sharma ◽  
P Sharma ◽  
N Thakur ◽  
S Sharma ◽  
M Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
School Mental Health ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Common Mental Health Problems ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
History Of

Introduction: School mental health is one of the important areas where early detection can lead to appropriate early intervention and burden of disease can be minimized. There is dearth of prevalence studies of common mental disorders on school going adolescents in Nepal. Considering this we aimed to study the prevalence of common mental health problems and substance use in school going adolescents. Material And Method: We evaluated 240 students for common mental disorders (depression and anxiety) using translated version of PHQ-4 and substance use single validated question after taking consent from school authorities and assent from students. Results: It was seen that 68.8 % students had psychological distress. 22.9 % and 27.5% of students had anxiety and depression respectively on screener and 23.3% students had use of substance at least once within a year. When compared male had significantly higher number of substance use as compared to female but no difference in PHQ-4 scores were seen when compared between gender and history of substance use. Conclusion: The study shows the current scenario of school going adolescents in Nepal and highlights the need of prevalence data on more generalizable setting.

scholarly journals Perinatal mental health around the world: priorities for research and service development in Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mwawi Ng'oma ◽  
Tesera Bitew ◽  
Malinda Kaiyo-Utete ◽  
Charlotte Hanlon ◽  
Simone Honikman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Right

Africa is a diverse and changing continent with a rapidly growing population, and the mental health of mothers is a key health priority. Recent studies have shown that: perinatal common mental disorders (depression and anxiety) are at least as prevalent in Africa as in high-income and other low- and middle-income regions; key risk factors include intimate partner violence, food insecurity and physical illness; and poor maternal mental health is associated with impairment of infant health and development. Psychological interventions can be integrated into routine maternal and child healthcare in the African context, although the optimal model and intensity of intervention remain unclear and are likely to vary across settings. Future priorities include: extension of research to include neglected psychiatric conditions; large-scale mixed-method studies of the causes and consequences of perinatal common mental disorders; scaling up of locally appropriate evidence-based interventions, including prevention; and advocacy for the right of all women in Africa to safe holistic maternity care.

scholarly journals Preconception prediction of expectant fathers' mental health: 20-year cohort study from adolescence

BJPsych Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Spry ◽  
Rebecca Giallo ◽  
Margarita Moreno-Betancur ◽  
Jacqui Macdonald ◽  
Denise Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Expectant Fathers

We examined prospective associations between men's common mental disorders in the decades prior to offspring conception and subsequent paternal antenatal mental health problems. Data came from a prospective intergenerational cohort study which assessed common mental disorder nine times from age 14 to 29 years, and in the third trimester of subsequent pregnancies to age 35 years (N = 295 pregnancies to 214 men). Men with histories of adolescent and young adult common mental disorders were over four times more likely to experience antenatal mental health problems. Future research identifying modifiable perinatal factors that counteract preconception risk would provide further targets for intervention.Declaration of interestNone.

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of referral for generic care or problem-solving treatment from community mental health nurses, compared with usual general practitioner care for common mental disorders

2006 ◽  
Vol 189 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Kendrick ◽  
Lucy Simons ◽  
Laurence Mynors-Wallis ◽  
Alastair Gray ◽  
Judith Lathlean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Community Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Nurses ◽  
Nurse Care ◽  
Gp Care ◽  
Community Mental Health Nurses

BackgroundUK general practitioners (GPs) refer patients with common mental disorders to community mental health nurses.AimsTo determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of this practice.MethodRandomised trial with three arms: usual GP care, generic mental health nurse care, and care from nurses trained in problem-solving treatment; 98 GPs in 62 practices referred 247 adult patients with new episodes of anxiety, depression and life difficulties, to 37 nurses.ResultsThere were 212 (86%) and 190 (77%) patients followed up at 8 and 26 weeks respectively. No significant differences between groups were found in effectiveness at either point. Mean differences in Clinical Interview Schedule – Revised scores at 26 weeks compared with GP care were –1.4 (95% Cl –5.5 to 2.8) for generic nurse care, and 1.1 (–2.9 to 5.1) for nurse problem-solving. Satisfaction was significantly higher in both nurse-treated groups. Mean extra costs per patient were £283 (95% Cl 154–411) for generic nurse care, and £315 (183–481) for nurse problem-solving treatment.ConclusionsGPs should not refer unselected patients with common mental disorders to specialist nurses. Problem-solving should be reserved for patients who have not responded to initial GP care.

scholarly journals Associations between common mental disorders and the Mental Illness Needs Index in community settings

2007 ◽  
Vol 191 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Fone ◽  
Frank Dunstan ◽  
Ann John ◽  
Keith Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Service Planning ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Community Settings

BackgroundThe relationship between the Mental Illness Needs Index (MINI) and the common mental disorders is not known.AimsTo investigate associations between the small-area MINI score and common mental disorder at individual level.MethodMental health status was measured using the Mental Health Inventory of the Short Form 36 instrument (SF-36). Data from the Caerphilly Health and Social Needs population survey were analysed in multilevel models of 10 653 individuals aged 18–74 years nested within the 2001 UK census geographies of 110 lower super output areas and 33 wards.ResultsThe MINI score was significantly associated with common mental disorder after adjusting for individual risk factors. This association was stronger at the smaller spatial scale of the lower super output area and for individuals who were permanently sick or disabled.ConclusionsThe MINI is potentially useful for small-area needs assessment and service planning for common mental disorder in community settings.

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