scholarly journals Association Between Exposure To Air Pollutants and The Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Visits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siwen Ding ◽  
Shu Sun ◽  
Rui Ding ◽  
Shasha Song ◽  
Yi Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Lag Effects ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Admission Data ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Distributed Lag Nonlinear Model ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Background The topic of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has attracted more and more attentions. Accumulating evidence suggests that exposure to air pollutants is associated with IBD, yet the results are inconsistent and study about daily exposure is few. This study evaluated the association between daily air pollution and IBD in Hefei, China. Methods Daily IBD admission data were obtained from two hospitals in Hefei from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019. Daily concentrations of major air pollutants were provided by the Hefei Environmental Protection Bureau. Meteorological data were collected from China Meteorological Data Network. Distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) considering both the lag effects of exposure factors and nonlinear relationship of exposure-reaction was used to assess the effect of daily air pollutants exposure on IBD admission. Results During the study period, totally 886 cases of IBD were recruited, including 313 cases of ulcerative colitis (UC) and 573 cases of Crohn's disease (CD). The findings showed PM2.5, O3 and CO exposure significantly increased the risk of IBD. Mean concentrations of PM2.5, O3 and CO in Hefei were 43.85ug/m³, 100.78ug/m³, and 0.76mg/m³, respectively. Each increase of 10mg/m³ in PM2.5/ O3 and 0.1mg/m³ in CO increased the risk of IBD. The strongest effects of these three pollutants on IBD were observed in lag2-lag3 (RR = 1.037, 95% CI: 1.005–1.070%), lag3 (RR = 1.020, 95% CI: 1.002–1.038%) and lag2 (RR = 1.036, 95% CI: 1.003–1.071%), respectively. In warm seasons, PM2.5, O3 and CO had a stronger effect increased the risk of IBD, which were observed in lag2 (RR = 1.104, 95% CI: 1.032–1.181%), lag2 and lag5 (RR = 1.023, 95% CI: 1.002–1.044%; RR = 1.036, 95% CI: 1.004–1.069%) and lag2 (RR = 1.071, 95% CI: 1.012–1.133%), respectively. Conclusions Air pollutants (PM2.5, O3 and CO) exposure could increase the risk of IBD, while the most susceptibility seasons for the exposure were mainly in warm seasons. This study contributes to the knowledge of the association between air pollution and IBD, but the associations need to be verified by further studies.

scholarly journals The modification effect of temperature on the relationship between air pollutants and daily incidence of influenza in Ningbo, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Yujie Meng ◽  
Hejia Song ◽  
Ran Niu ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Modification Effect ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Although exposure to air pollution has been linked to many health issues, few studies have quantified the modification effect of temperature on the relationship between air pollutants and daily incidence of influenza in Ningbo, China. Methods The data of daily incidence of influenza and the relevant meteorological data and air pollution data in Ningbo from 2014 to 2017 were retrieved. Low, medium and high temperature layers were stratified by the daily mean temperature with 25th and 75th percentiles. The potential modification effect of temperature on the relationship between air pollutants and daily incidence of influenza in Ningbo was investigated through analyzing the effects of air pollutants stratified by temperature stratum using distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM). Stratified analysis by sex and age were also conducted. Results Overall, a 10 μg/m3 increment of O3, PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 could increase the incidence risk of influenza with the cumulative relative risk of 1.028 (95% CI 1.007, 1.050), 1.061 (95% CI 1.004, 1.122), 1.043 (95% CI 1.003, 1.085), and 1.118 (95% CI 1.028, 1.216), respectively. Male and aged 7–17 years were more sensitive to air pollutants. Through the temperature stratification analysis, we found that temperature could modify the impacts of air pollution on daily incidence of influenza with high temperature exacerbating the impact of air pollutants. At high temperature layer, male and the groups aged 0–6 years and 18–64 years were more sensitive to air pollution. Conclusion Temperature modified the relationship between air pollution and daily incidence of influenza and high temperature would exacerbate the effects of air pollutants in Ningbo.

scholarly journals The short term burden of ambient gaseous air pollution on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Pudong New Area, China: A time-stratified case-crossover study with a distributed lag nonlinear model 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yichen Chen ◽  
Xiaopan Li ◽  
Hanyi Chen ◽  
Lianghong Sun ◽  
Tao Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Distributed Lag Nonlinear Model ◽  
Pudong New Area ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Air pollution is a severe and dangerous public health problem. However, the effect of ambient gaseous air pollution exposure on years of life lost (YLL) attributable to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mortality has not been quantitatively verified.Methods: We collected the data of 12,781 COPD deaths and ambient gaseous air pollutants, including sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3), during the years 2013-2019 in the Shanghai Pudong New Area (PNA). Then we performed a time-stratified case-crossover study combined with a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) to estimate the impact of those air pollutants on daily COPD deaths counts and YLL. The confounders including long-term trend and meteorological factors have been controlled for, and effects of age and educational attainment as effect modifiers have also been evaluated.Results: During the 2013-2019 time frame, increases of 10μg/m3 in SO2 and NO2 were associated with a 4.93% (95% CI: 1.47%, 8.50%) and 1.47% (95% CI: 0.14%, 2.82%) in daily COPD death counts at lag0-1day, respectively, a 2.52 (95% CI: 0.31, 4.72) YLL increase and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.01, 1.68) YLL increase at lag0-1day, respectively. A 1mg/m3 increase in CO was associated with a 9.46% (95% CI: 0.40%, 19.35%) at lag0 increase in daily COPD death counts. No significant impact from O3 on both daily COPD deaths counts and YLL (P>0.05). The impact of gaseous air pollutants on the daily COPD death count and YLL were significant in populations of older adults and the lower educated population, while an insignificant effect was observed in the younger population and higher educated population. The YLL due to COPD related to SO2 and CO for the lower educated population was significantly higher than those for the higher educated population.Conclusion: Reducing specific gaseous air pollutants will help to control COPD deaths and improve the population’s life expectancy.

scholarly journals Air Pollution and Hospital Admission for Epilepsy in Kerman, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Amin Farahmandfard ◽  
Hossein Ali Ebrahimi ◽  
Moghaddameh Mirzaee ◽  
Prof Narges Khanjani
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Ambient Air Pollutants ◽  
Admission Data

Abstract Background: There is little information about air pollution and epilepsy attacks. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between air pollution and epilepsy admission in Kerman, Iran.Methods: This was an ecological study, in which the concentrations of ambient air pollutants and meteorological data were inquired from the Kerman Environmental Protection Agency and the Kerman Meteorology Organization respectively, and epilepsy admission data were obtained from Kerman’s Shafa hospital Epilepsy Registry. Generalized Additive Models (GAM) with lags up to 7 days were used for estimating the Relative Risks (RR).Results: During 2008 until 2020, 894 epilepsy admission occurred in Kerman which 498 (55.7%) were male. The strongest relation between epilepsy admission was seen in the over 59 years group for CO in lag 0 (RR = 2.1455, 95% CI: 1.5823–2.9091), for NO2 in lag 0 (RR =1.0409, 95% CI: 1.0282–1.0537), and for PM2.5 in lag 5 (RR =1.0157, 95% CI: 1.0062–1.0252). Also for PM10 in the under 18 year's group in lag 2 (RR =1.0064, 95% CI: 1.0029–1.0098), for O3 in lag 0 (RR =0.9671, 95% CI: 0.9581–0.9761) and for SO2 in lag 5 (RR = 0.9937, 95% CI: 0.9891–0.9983).Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that CO, NO2, PM2.5, and PM10 air pollutants might be risk factors for epilepsy admission in Kerman.

scholarly journals Air pollution and hospital admissions and deaths due to respiratory infections in megacity of Tehran: A time series analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Namvar ◽  
Mostafa Hadei ◽  
Seyed Saeed Hashemi ◽  
Elahe Shahhosseini ◽  
Philip K. Hopke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Ambient Air Pollutants ◽  
Short Term Exposure

Introduction: Air pollution is one of the main causes for the significant increase of respiratory infections in Tehran. In the present study, we investigated the associations between short-term exposure to ambient air pollutants with the hospital admissions and deaths. Materials and methods: Health data from 39915 hospital admissions and 2459 registered deaths associated with these hospital admissions for respiratory infections were obtained from the Ministry of Health and Medical Education during 2014-2017. We used the distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) for the analyses. Results: There was a statistically positive association between PM2.5 and AURI in the age group of 16 years and younger at lags 6 (RR 1.31; 1.05-1.64) and 7 (RR 1.50; 1.09-2.06). AURI admissions was associated with O3 in the age group of 16 and 65 years at lag 7 with RR 1.13 (1.00-1.27). ALRI admissions was associated with CO in the age group of 65 years and older at lag 0 with RR 1.12 (1.02-1.23). PM10 was associated with ALRI daily hospital admissions at lag 0 for males. ALRI admissions were associated with NO2 for females at lag 0. There was a positive association between ALRI deaths and SO2 in the age group of 65 years and older at lags 4 and 5 with RR 1.04 (1.00-1.09) and 1.03 (1.00-1.07), respectively. Conclusion: Exposure to outdoor air pollutants including PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, O3, and CO was associated with hospital admissions for AURI and ALRI at different lags. Moreover, exposure to SO2 was associated with deaths for ALRI.

scholarly journals Interplay of intestinal microbiota and mucosal immunity in inflammatory bowel disease: a relationship of frenemies

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 175628482093518
Author(s):  
Huimin Chen ◽  
Hongfen Li ◽  
Zhanju Liu
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Mucosal Immunity ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Mucosal Immune Response ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. With in-depth studies on the mechanisms of the initiation and development of IBD, increasing lines of evidence have focused on the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of IBD. The imbalance between the host and intestinal microbiota induces dysregulated immune response in intestinal mucosa and plays a pivotal role in the initiation of disease and ongoing bowel destruction. This review focuses on recent advances in intestinal microbiota regulation of mucosal immune response as well as novel approaches based on intestinal microbiota alterations in the diagnosis and evaluation of therapeutic response in IBD.

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