scholarly journals Reusing System of the ballast water

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirollos Mounir
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Test Plan ◽  
Design Requirement ◽  
The World ◽  
Design Requirements

Abstract Increasing water consumption is a problem faced by the world; one of its solutions is reusing water. Reuse is about changing processes that result in polluted water byproducts so that the resulting water is usable again. Our major problem is to reuse unusable or polluted water. We are not treating the water, but we are changing processes to make water byproducts usable again in the same process or even a different process. Our solution is to reuse ballast water in transporting oil. Oil ships are heading from one country to another, and they are loaded with oil. These ships return to be loaded with ballast water instead of oil to prevent the risk of overturning this ship. In other words, the ballast water is used to make the ship stable which is the purpose of the ballast water to return to their original countries in peace. Our goal is to purify this ballast water mixed with oil residues by relying on the density difference. The first step is to place a source of solid air in the tanks to provide some bubbles inside the tank. Secondly, put some of the iron peels inside the tanks to stick these peels with the bubbles, then by a magnetic field attracts the pollutant bubbles attached to the iron scales, and the ballast water remains in the tank to be used again. Before writing a test plan, we demonstrated two design requirements. The first one is ballast water quality which has two parts the turbidity and oil, grease, and all extractable matter by chloroform in the water, while the second design requirement is the environmental impact. By making a test, the results were astounding because it achieved the design requirements that we put into making this project applicable for reusing this polluted water after purifying it.

Water Recycling: Review and Background

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 1385-1392
Author(s):  
K D Linstedt
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Public Acceptance ◽  
Institutional Constraints ◽  
Water Recycling ◽  
Quality Cost ◽  
The World ◽  
Resource Situation

A review is provided of the world water resource situation. Water reuse is discussed as a means of augmenting conventional supplies, with types of potential reuse applications identified. Considerations of water quality, cost, public acceptance, and institutional constraints are discussed for their impact on decisions regarding implementation of water reuse.

scholarly journals Wastewater Treatment and Water Reuse in Spain. Current Situation and Perspectives

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Jodar-Abellan ◽  
María Inmaculada López-Ortiz ◽  
Joaquín Melgarejo-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
European Union ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Water Planning ◽  
Structural Problem ◽  
The World ◽  
Access To Water

The issues of wastewater treatment and the reuse of water are of great importance, especially in areas where the shortage of conventional resources is a structural problem, as it is in the case of Spain. Wastewater reuse is a valid mechanism to avoid problems derived from droughts and water scarcity. It allows access to water resources in areas with water restrictions and to prevent futures scenarios, due to it being expected that water consumption will double by 2050 over the world. Thus, the likelihood that this unconventional, strategic resource would become scarce is unquestionable, particularly in cases where water planning and exploitation systems prioritize the preservation, protection, and improvement of water quality, as well as the sustainable and efficient use of natural resources. This paper shows how wastewater treatment and reuse are linked, as the reuse of wastewater is associated with a previous regeneration, and both of them are essential tools for maximizing environmental outcomes, as called for in the European Union Directives.

scholarly journals Monitoring and Analysis of Water Quality Parameters for Diagnosis of Safe Drinking Purpose using Wireless Sensor Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1478-1482
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
The People ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Untreated Sewage ◽  
The World

In the 21st century, the world had advanced through lots of innovations; its parallel impact in the form of pollutions, global warming and climatic change crisis are being raised. These crises create a gap in terms climatic changes, poor air quality, and unsafe drinking water for the population around the world. Among all pollutants, water pollution is a thrust area as it is a prominent parameter in the food chain of living things. There are huge numbers of diseases that are attributed due to polluted water. The water sources are mainly polluted due to untreated sewage and industry discharges. But mainly industrial wastewater discharge contributes to the accelerated pollution in the water bodies. The proposed design focuses on monitoring the water quality parameters like pH, TDS, TOC, and Chlorine content, conductivity etc., using wireless Sensor Nodes around open ponds and wells near tannery units. The data is transmitted to the cloud, and further information is given to the people through GSM. Repository of data is maintained in order to take it for further analysis. Results obtained from the model indicate the values of the above mentioned parameters.

scholarly journals Assessing the Agricultural Drainage Water with Water Quality Indices in the El-Salam Canal Mega Project, Egypt

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walaa Assar ◽  
Mona G. Ibrahim ◽  
Wael Mahmod ◽  
Manabu Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Approach ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Logic Approach

The water quality index (WQI) is considered one of the most promising methods for the classification of water quality (WQ), which also contributes to water resource management. This study adopted the irrigation WQ index (IWQI) and an analogous index based on a fuzzy logic approach, namely, the fuzzy logic water reuse index (FWRI) to assess the water quality in the El-Salam canal project in Egypt where agriculture drainage water (ADW) is expected to be reused for irrigation. Simulated WQ data using a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model indicated that the WQ deteriorated towards the downstream of the canal due to the polluted water discharged from canal feeders (e.g., the El-Serw and Bahr Hadous drains). The comparison of the FWRI and IWQI indices showed that the FWRI was more sensitive to variations in the WQ parameters compared to the IWQI. In contrast, the Z-test indicated that the indices have different statistical properties. Moreover, a chi-square test (X2) illustrated that the FWRI and IWQI values can both reasonably explain the current situation. However, the FWRI was more relevant to the official classification than the IWQI. Overall, the FWRI proved its capability and accuracy for the assessment of water quality in the El-Salam canal.

scholarly journals The Problem of Ballast Water in Montenegro Ports and Possibility of its Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-193
Author(s):  
Ivana Ćipranić ◽  
Marija Jevric ◽  
Goran Sekulic ◽  
Sreten Tomovic
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
New Species ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract The problem of ballast water has been present in the world for the last hundred years, but it has grown and become more complex with the increasing intensity of overseas traffic. Introduction of various species from different parts of the world threatens flora and fauna, especially regarding small and closed seas, such as the Adriatic Sea. New species cause an interruption of the existing food chain which keeps the natural balance and purity of the sea. Many domicile organisms in the sea have been disappearing due to changes in environmental conditions, which significantly impairs the sea-water quality. This paper deals with different possible ways of sea and port protection from ballast water, starting with administrative measures, up to proposals of technologies by which those waters could be treated. The problem of ballast water is of particular concern in the Montenegrin part of the Adriatic Sea, and the protection proposal is given.

scholarly journals Change of regional water chemistry driven by group coal mining in Changzhi basin, Shanxi, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 09001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhantao Han ◽  
Fawang Zhang ◽  
Hongchao Yao
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Surrounding Water ◽  
Regional Water

Coal mining can deplete groundwater resources and discharge polluted water into the surrounding water bodies, decreasing the quality of ground and surface water. Group coal mining can drastically deteriorate regional water quality due to the overlying effects of multiple mines. As a country, China produces the most coal per year in the world. Group coal mining in China has caused a decline in the quality of many watersheds. This study introduced the regional water quality in Changchi basin, Shanxi province, which contains coal seams covering over 60% of its area and has over 10 active collieries. Coal mine discharge caused the increase of TDS, especially NO3-, in the river receiving the mining discharge. Quality of groundwater was also affected by the contaminated surface water when it was recharged by surface water. Reuse and treatment of mining discharged should be promoted in the area with high intensity of group coal mining.

Biodiesel production from non-edible oils: A review

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Jatinder Kataria ◽  
Saroj Kumar Mohapatra ◽  
Amit Pal
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
The World

The limited fossil reserves, spiraling price and environmental impact due to usage of fossil fuels leads the world wide researchers’ interest in using alternative renewable and environment safe fuels that can meet the energy demand. Biodiesel is an emerging renewable alternative fuel to conventional diesel which can be produced from both edible and non-edible oils, animal fats, algae etc. The society is in dire need of using renewable fuels as an immediate control measure to mitigate the pollution level. In this work an attempt is made to review the requisite and access the capability of the biodiesel in improving the environmental degradation.

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