scholarly journals Uptake of HIV Testing and Counselling among the Youth in Kintampo South District, Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukasa Kabiri ◽  
Kwadwo Owusu Akuffo ◽  
Priscillia Nortey ◽  
Paolo Eusebi ◽  
Anthony Danso-Appiah
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Hiv Testing And Counselling

Abstract Background HIV/AIDS remains a threat to global development and human security. Sub-Saharan Africa is the worst affected, with an estimated 25.7 million people living with HIV as at 2018 and the youth accounting for 33% of new infections. Despite the high proportion, there is paucity of data on testing and counselling among the youth and which factors influence their decision are largely unknown. This study assessed factors influencing uptake of HIV testing and counselling among the youth aged 15 to 24 years in Kintampo South District in Ghana. Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving the youth who have lived in the Kintampo South District for not less than 6 months. A total of 309 respondents aged 15 to 24 years were drawn from four sub-districts of the six administrative sub-districts by simple random sampling. Simple proportions and logistic regression analyses were performed to elucidate factors influencing uptake of HIV testing and counselling. The level of acceptable statistical significance used was p < 0.05. Results Overall, the proportion of the youth 15 to 24 years who ever tested for HIV was 50.2%. Lack of confidentiality and privacy, inconvenient facility opening hours, fear of positive results, and perceived poor attitude and mistrust of health service providers reportedly were the main barriers to uptake of HIV testing and counselling. Further logistic regression analyses showed that demographic factors including age, marital status and occupation as well as ever heard of HIV testing and counselling, convenience of test, willingness to test, importance of test and location of test, were key determinants of HIV testing and counselling. Conclusion Giving that about half of the respondents had never had a test and did not know their infection status, has serious implications for HIV control in the Kintampo South District. Even though a significant number of the youth showed interest in knowing their infection status, this did not reflect uptake of HIV testing. Public health effort targeted to the youth should be intensified to increase HIV testing and counselling among the youth in the Kintampo South District.

scholarly journals Uptake of HIV Testing and Counselling among the Youth in Kintampo South District, Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukasa Kabiri ◽  
Kwadwo Owusu Akuffo ◽  
Priscillia Nortey ◽  
Paolo Eusebi ◽  
Anthony Danso-Appiah
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Hiv Testing And Counselling

Abstract Background HIV/AIDS remains a threat to global development and human security. Sub-Saharan Africa is the worst affected, with an estimated 25.7 million people living with HIV as at 2018 and the youth accounting for 33% of new infections. Despite the high proportion, there is paucity of data on testing and counselling among the youth and which factors influence their decision are largely unknown. This study assessed factors influencing uptake of HIV testing and counselling among the youth aged 15 to 24 years in Kintampo South District in Ghana. Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving the youth who have lived in the Kintampo South District for not less than 6 months. A total of 309 respondents aged 15 to 24 years were drawn from four sub-districts of the six administrative sub-districts by simple random sampling. Simple proportions and logistic regression analyses were performed to elucidate factors influencing uptake of HIV testing and counselling. The level of acceptable statistical significance used was p<0.05. Results Overall, the proportion of the youth 15 to 24 years who ever tested for HIV was 50.2%. Lack of confidentiality and privacy, inconvenient facility opening hours, fear of positive results, and perceived poor attitude and mistrust of health service providers reportedly were the main barriers to uptake of HIV testing and counselling. Further logistic regression analyses showed that demographic factors including age, marital status and occupation as well as ever heard of HIV testing and counselling, convenience of test, willingness to test, importance of test and location of test, were key determinants of HIV testing and counselling. Conclusion Giving that about half of the respondents had never had a test and did not know their infection status, has serious implications for HIV control in the Kintampo South District. Even though a significant number of the youth showed interest in knowing their infection status, this did not reflect uptake of HIV testing. Public health effort targeted to the youth should be intensified to increase HIV testing and counselling among the youth in the Kintampo South District.

scholarly journals Social Influence and Uptake of Couples HIV Testing and Counselling in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Johnson ◽  
Lynae A. Darbes ◽  
Victoria Hosegood ◽  
Mallory O. Johnson ◽  
Katherine Fritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Social Influences ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Survival Models ◽  
Hiv Testing And Counselling ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Support Score

AbstractSocial influences may create a barrier to couples HIV testing and counselling (CHTC) uptake in sub-Saharan Africa. This secondary analysis of data collected in the ‘Uthando Lwethu’ randomised controlled trial used discrete-time survival models to evaluate the association between within-couple average ‘peer support’ score and uptake of CHTC by the end of nine months’ follow-up. Peer support was conceptualised by self-rated strength of agreement with two statements describing friendships outside of the primary partnership. Eighty-eight couples (26.9%) took up CHTC. Results tended towards a dichotomous trend in models adjusted only for trial arm, with uptake significantly less likely amongst couples in the higher of four peer support score categories (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.18, 0.68 [7–10 points]; OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.28, 0.99 [≥ 11 points]). A similar trend remained in the final multivariable model, but was no longer significant (AOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.25, 1.42 [7–10 points]; AOR 0.88, 95% CI 0.36, 2.10 [≥ 11 points]). Accounting for social influences in the design of couples-focused interventions may increase their success.

scholarly journals Mandatory HIV testing in China: the perception of health-care providers

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 476-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Zunyou Wu ◽  
Sheng Wu ◽  
Sung-Jae Lee ◽  
Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Hiv Aids

Health-care providers in China are facing an exponential increase in HIV testing and HIV-positive patients. A total of 1101 service providers were recruited to examine attitudes toward people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in China. Logistic regression models were used to assess factors associated with providers' attitudes toward mandatory HIV testing. Providers were most likely to endorse mandatory HIV testing for patients with high-risk behaviour and for all patients before surgery. Over 43% of providers endorsed mandatory testing for anyone admitted to hospital. Controlling for demographics, multivariate analyses indicated that providers with higher perceived risk of HIV infection at work, higher general prejudicial attitudes toward PLWHA, and previous contact with HIV patients were more likely to endorse mandatory HIV testing for anyone admitted to hospital. Results underscore the importance of implementing universal precautions in health-care settings and call attention to social and ethical issues associated with HIV/AIDS control and treatment in China.

The alternative negative constructions in spoken and written Korean: Logistic regression analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-442
Author(s):  
Beom-mo Kang
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Relevant Factor ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Relevant Factors

AbstractAdopting quantitative corpus-based methods, this paper focuses on the alternative negative constructions in Korean, [anV] and [Vanhda]. Logistic regression analyses for a mixed-effects model were carried out on data drawn from the Sejong Korean Corpus. Certain features of the verb or adjective in negative constructions significantly affect the use of the two negative constructions. A relevant factor is register/medium (spoken or written), among other significant interactions of factors. Furthermore, the fact that frequency is consistent with other relevant factors, together with certain diachronic facts of Korean, supports the claim that frequency of use plays an important role in linguistic changes. Another finding is that, notwithstanding noticeable differences between spoken and written language, the factors influencing the use of the two negative constructions in Korean are largely similar in the spoken and written registers.

scholarly journals HIV knowledge and associated factors among young Ethiopians: application of multilevel order logistic regression using the 2016 EDHS

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teshome Kabeta Dadi ◽  
Merga Belina Feyasa ◽  
Mamo Nigatu Gebre
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Mobile Telephone ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Hiv Knowledge ◽  
Health Survey Data

Abstract Background Human Immunodeficiency virus continues to be a major global health problem infecting 75 million and killing 32 million people since the beginning of the epidemic. It badly hit Sub Saharan Africa than any country in the world and youths are sharing the greatest burden. The study aims to assess the level of HIV-knowledge and its determinants among Ethiopian youths using the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey data. Methods A nationally representative 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data were used. A total of 10,903 youths comprising 6401 females and 4502 males were included in the study. Descriptive statistics and multilevel order logistic regression were used and confidence interval was used to declare statistical significance in the final model. Results The mean age and SD of youths included in this study was 19.10 (±2.82). Among Ethiopian youths, 20.92% (95% CI: 18.91, 23.09%) had low knowledge of HIV whereas, 48.76% (95% CI: 47.12, 50.41%) and 30.31% (95% CI: 28.51, 32.18%) of them had moderate and comprehensive HIV knowledge respectively. Being male, access to TV and radio, ever tested for HIV/AIDS, owning a mobile telephone, and attending primary school and above compared to non-attendants were associated with having higher HIV knowledge. But, dwelling in rural Ethiopia, being in the Protestant and Muslim religious groups as compared to those of Orthodox followers and being in married groups were associated with having lower HIV knowledge. Approximately, 12% of the variation in knowledge of HIV was due to regions. Conclusion Only one-third of Ethiopian youths have deep insight into the disease, whereas, nearly one-fifth of them have lower HIV-knowledge. There is a significant disparity in HIV-related knowledge among Ethiopian youths living in different regions. Rural residents, less educated, female, and married youths have less knowledge of HIV as compared to their counterparts. Youths who do not have a mobile phone, who lack health insurance coverage, and who have limited access to media have less knowledge about HIV. Therefore, the due focus should be given to the aforementioned factors to minimize the disparities between regions and to enhance Ethiopian youths’ HIV-knowledge.

scholarly journals Uptake and yield of HIV testing and counselling among children and adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 20182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darshini Govindasamy ◽  
Rashida A Ferrand ◽  
Stephanie MS Wilmore ◽  
Nathan Ford ◽  
Saeed Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Hiv Testing And Counselling ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Knowledge and Attitude of Men towards Factors influencing Childhood Mortality in a Semi-Urban Community in Northwestern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ibrahim M.J. ◽  
Sani Z.M. ◽  
Olorukooba A.A. ◽  
Usman N.O. ◽  
Ahmad A.I. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Reduce Childhood Mortality

Background: In spite of concerted global efforts to reduce childhood mortality, countries in Sub-Saharan Africa are still being plagued with incomparably high mortality rates; thereby contributing majorly to the global burden. These deaths occur from causes which are preventable. Men play a pivotal role in sustained efforts to reduce childhood mortality, however, they are usually overlooked in favour of the mothers. The study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of men towards factors influencing childhood mortality in a semi-urban community, North-Western Nigeria.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. A total of 174 married men were sampled using a multistage sampling technique. Data collected were analysed using the IBM SPSS version 21. Results were presented in tables and bar charts. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05.Results: The mean age (±SD) of the respondents was 38 (±11.2) years. One hundred and ten (64.7%) of the respondents had lost a child under the age of five years. Majority 142 (83.5%) of the respondents had poor knowledge of risk factors influencing childhood mortality and 141 (82.9%) of the respondents had a positive attitude towards prevention of childhood mortality.Conclusion: The study has highlighted the need for increased male involvement in child health issues. Interventions such as health education and community mobilization that aims to educate men on risk factors and danger signs associated with poor childhood health outcomes should be carried out in this area.

scholarly journals Trends in knowledge of HIV status and efficiency of HIV testing services in Sub-Saharan Africa (2000-2020): a modelling study of survey and HIV testing program data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Giguère ◽  
Jeffrey W. Eaton ◽  
Kimberly Marsh ◽  
Leigh F. Johnson ◽  
Cheryl C. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Hiv Testing Services ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
First Time

AbstractBackgroundKnowledge of HIV status (KOS) among people living with HIV (PLHIV) is essential for an effective national HIV response. This study estimates progress and gaps in reaching the UNAIDS 2020 target of 90% KOS, and the efficiency of HIV testing services (HTS) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where two thirds of all PLHIV live.MethodsWe used data from 183 population-based surveys (N=2.7 million participants) and national HTS programs (N=315 country-years) from 40 countries as inputs into a mathematical model to examine trends in KOS among PLHIV, median time from HIV infection to diagnosis, HIV testing positivity, and proportion of new diagnoses among all positive tests, adjusting for retesting.FindingsAcross SSA, KOS steadily increased from 6% (95% credible interval [95%CrI]: 5% to 7%) in 2000 to 84% (95%CrI: 82% to 86%) in 2020. Twelve countries and one region, Southern Africa, reached the 90% target. In 2020, KOS was lower among men (79%) than women (87%) across SSA. PLHIV aged 15-24 years were the least likely to know their status (65%), but the largest gap in terms of absolute numbers was among men aged 35-49 years, with over 700,000 left undiagnosed. As KOS increased from 2000 to 2020, the median time to diagnosis decreased from 10 to 3 years, HIV testing positivity declined from 9% to 3%, and the proportion of first-time diagnoses among all positive tests dropped from 89% to 42%.InterpretationOn the path towards the next UNAIDS target of 95% diagnostic coverage by 2030, and in a context of declining positivity and yield of first-time diagnoses, we need to focus on addressing disparities in KOS. Increasing KOS and treatment coverage among older men could be critical to reduce HIV incidence among women in SSA, and by extension, reducing mother-to-child transmission.

scholarly journals Postoperative collateral formation after indirect bypass for hemorrhagic moyamoya disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peicong Ge ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Xun Ye ◽  
Xingju Liu ◽  
Xiaofeng Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Moyamoya Disease ◽  
Digital Subtraction ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Collateral Formation

Abstract Background: The research on postoperative collateral formation for hemorrhagic moyamoya disease (MMD) evaluated by using digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is limited. Our study objective was to investigate the postoperative collateral formation after indirect bypass for hemorrhagic MMD. Methods: All consecutive inpatients with hemorrhagic MMD who received indirect bypass at Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2010 through December 2018 were screened. The site of the hemorrhage was classified as either anterior or posterior. Postoperative collateral formation was evaluated on lateral views using the Matsushima scale. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to determine the factors influencing postoperative collateral formation. Results: Six-four patients (64 hemispheres) were included in this study. After a median 8.5 months DSA follow-up, 14 (21.9%) hemispheres had grade A collateral circulation, 13 (20.3%) had grade B, and 37 (57.8%) had grade C. Twenty-seven (43.2%) hemispheres had good postoperative collateral formation and 37 (57.8%) had poor postoperative collateral formation. The univariate logistic regression analyses showed that age at operation (OR, 0.954; 95% CI, 0.908–1.003; p=0.066), hemorrhagic site (OR, 4.694; 95% CI, 1.582–13.923; p=0.005), and PCA involvement (OR, 3.474; 95% CI, 0.922–13.086; p=0.066) may effect postoperative collateral formation. The multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that only anterior hemorrhage (OR, 5.222; 95% CI, 1.605–16.987; p=0.006) was significantly related to good postoperative collateral formation. Conclusion: Anterior hemorrhage was significantly related to good postoperative collateral formation after indirect bypass.

scholarly journals Interprofessional collaboration associated with frequency of life-saving links to HIV continuum of care services in the urban environment of Newark, New Jersey

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliane Cambraia Windsor ◽  
Rogério Meireles Pinto ◽  
Carol Ann Lee
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Continuum Of Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Provider Training ◽  
Hiv Continuum Of Care

Abstract Background HIV continuum of care has been used as a strategy to reduce HIV transmission rates, with timely engagement in HIV testing being the first and most critical step. This study examines interprofessional-collaboration (IPC) after controlling for agency/ provider demographics, provider training and self-efficacy as a significant predictor of how frequently HIV service providers link their clients to HIV testing. Methods Multilevel binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the effects of IPC on links to HIV testing while controlling for demographic and agency information, provider training, and standardized measures of providers’ feelings, attitudes, and opinions about IPC. Cross-sectional data from 142 providers in 13 agencies offering treatment and prevention services for HIV and substance-use disorders were collected via a survey. Results Those who scored higher on the IPC scale reported significantly higher rates of linkages to HIV testing. Compared to the null model (i.e., no predictor model), the final multilevel binary logistic regression model showed a significantly improved likelihood of linkage to HIV testing by 11.4%, p. < .05. The final model correctly classified 90.2% of links to HIV testing. Providers in agencies with smaller budgets and in agencies offering substance use disorder services were more likely to link clients to HIV testing. Younger providers who received HIV training were also more likely to link clients to HIV testing. Conclusions Findings suggest IPC training as a potential strategy to improve linkages to HIV testing for clients at risk for HIV infection. Future research is recommended to identify specific areas of IPC that might have differential effects on links to HIV testing.

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