scholarly journals Advance Laparoscopy in Minimal Resource Settings: Experience from a Public Sector Hospital in a Lower Middle Income Country.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kaiser ◽  
Awais Amjad Malik ◽  
Danish Ali ◽  
Muhammad Qasim Farooq ◽  
Anwar Zeb Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Laparoscopic Procedures ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Public Sector Hospital ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Surgical Teams ◽  
Male To Female

Abstract Background: To share our experience of performing advanced laparoscopic procedures with minimal resources in a public sector hospital.Methods: A retrospective study of laparoscopic cases performed from December 1st 2016 till Dec 31st 2020 was done. All the cases were done by single surgical unit but with different surgical teams both as elective as well as emergency procedure. Type of procedure, conversion to open, and immediate post operative complications and outcomes were recorded. Complications were recorded on the basis of the Clavian Dindo Classification. Results: In 49 months a total of 1550 procedures were performed. 1133 basic and 417 advanced laparoscopic procedures were performed. Only advanced laparoscopic procedures are discussed further. Median patient aged was 33 years (Range 10 to 70 years). Male to female ratio was 1:1.2 (191:226). There was a conversion rate of 8.6% with 36 operations converted to open due to either technical issues or any complication. Median hospital stay was 2 to 12 days. Median operative time was 90minutes. Complications were seen in 48 patients. Grade 1/2 complications in 38 patients. Grade 3 complications were seen in 9 patients. Grade 4 in 1 patient. No Grade 5 (Mortality) complications were seen. Conclusions: Advanced laparoscopic surgery can be safely undertaken in public sector hospitals in low resource countries with limited resources.

Advance Laparoscopy in Minimal Resource Settings: Experience from a Public Sector Hospital in a Lower Middle Income Country

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adeel Kaiser ◽  
Awais Amjad Malik ◽  
Danish Ali ◽  
Muhammad Qasim Farooq ◽  
Anwar Zeb Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Middle Income Country ◽  
Income Country ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Lower Middle Income Country ◽  
Public Sector Hospital ◽  
Minimal Resource

scholarly journals Cancer Mortality Pattern in Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olakanmi Ralph Akinde ◽  
Adekoyejo Abiodun Phillips ◽  
Olubanji Ajibola Oguntunde ◽  
Olatunji Michael Afolayan
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Mortality Pattern ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Age Of Death

Background.Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and about 70% of all cancer deaths occurred in low- and middle-income countries. The cancer mortality pattern is quite different in Africa compared to other parts of the world. Extensive literature research showed little or no information about the overall deaths attributable to cancer in Nigeria.Aims and Objectives.This study aims at providing data on the patterns of cancer deaths in our center using the hospital and autopsy death registers.Methodology.Demographic, clinical data of patients who died of cancer were extracted from death registers in the wards and mortuary over a period of 14 years (2000–2013).Results.A total of 1436 (4.74%) cancer deaths out of 30287 deaths recorded during the period. The male to female ratio was 1 : 2.2 and the peak age of death was between 51 and 60 years. Overall, breast cancer was responsible for most of the deaths.Conclusion.The study shows that the cancers that accounted for majority of death occurred in organs that were accessible to screening procedures and not necessary for survival. We advise regular screening for precancerous lesions in these organs so as to reduce the mortality rate and burden of cancer.

scholarly journals Conservative treatment of chronic unreduced shoulder dislocations in Cameroon: Key results concerning 33 cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 221049172110018
Author(s):  
Nana C Theophile ◽  
Fokam Pius ◽  
E Choffor Nchinda ◽  
I Farikou ◽  
Daniel E Handy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Closed Reduction ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Anterior Dislocation ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Good Score ◽  
Male To Female

Introduction: Chronic unreduced shoulder dislocations are rare in orthopaedics. The aim of this study is to report how conservative treatment of chronic unreduced shoulder dislocations is done and evaluate the functional outcome in a low-middle income environment. Patients and methods: This was a hospital based prospective observational study carried out from January 2008 to January 2018. Cases of unreduced shoulder dislocations of at least 1 month duration were included in the study. Closed reduction was done by progressive soft maneuvers described by Kocher. Epi Info software was used to analyze this data. Results were represented on tables to ease organization and comprehension. Results: One of the 33 had a bilateral chronic unreduced anterior dislocation. The ages ranged from 21 to 80 years, with a mean age of 42.71 ± 16.13 years. The male to female ratio was 3.2:1. The duration of dislocation ranged from 1 to 120 months. Majority of the cases 79.4% (n = 27) had successful closed reduction. The average score was 78.04/100, representing a good score. Conclusion: Although treatment by non-operative method is a challenge, fair to good functional outcome can be obtained if this procedure is carried out under general anesthesia and adequate relaxation.

scholarly journals Spectrum of Different Spinal Disorders Presenting to Neurosurgical Department of Public Sector Tertiary Care Hospitals of Peshawar

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
ADNAN AHMED ◽  
MOHAMMAD ISHAQ ◽  
MUMTAZ ALI ◽  
MUSAWER KHAN ◽  
SOHAIL AHMAD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Neurosurgical Department ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Spinal Disorders ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals ◽  
Male To Female

Objectives: To assess the spectrum of different spinal disorders presenting to the Neurosurgical department of public sector tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar.Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out in the Neurosurgery departments of two public sector tertiary care hospitals in district Peshawar from January 2012 to December 2018. Our inclusion criteria comprised of all those patients who were having spinal abnormalities irrespective of age and gender, admitted either via emergency or OPD. We excluded those patients who were dead on arrival or whose data was lacking including those who did not do their follow up and those who were not given consent for the study.Results: Out of total 5,579 patients, male to female ratio was 1:1.7. The age range was from 6 days to 78 years. Elective cases were 63.61% (n = 3,549) and emergency were 36.37% (n = 2,030). TSCI were 35.01% (n = 1,953) and NTSCI were 3,626 (n = 64.99%). Out of all patients, 91.03% (n = 5,079) were treated surgically. About 79% (n = 4,406) had a good outcome.Conclusion: We collected data and made a survey of the spectrum of different spinal abnormalities resulting from various etiologies focused over the last 6 years. We found a variety of cases presenting to our departments of neurosurgery. Non traumatic spinal injuries are more frequent as compared to traumatic ones.

scholarly journals Profile of epilepsy in a tertiary care public sector hospital of western India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 2520
Author(s):  
Anuj Gupta ◽  
Chetna Desai
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Sodium Valproate ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clonic Seizure ◽  
Tonic Clonic Seizure ◽  
Idiopathic Epilepsy ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Public Sector Hospital

Background: Epilepsy is characterised by recurrent seizures due to a chronic underlying process. Its prevalence in India is 6.24/1000 population. The study aims to evaluate the commonest types of and clinical characteristics of epilepsy, and pharmacological management in these patients. Furthermore to assess, whether these variables are in agreement with other local and international studies?Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in an epilepsy clinic of a public sector hospital in India for a period of nine months. The study analysed medical records of patients during the study period. Simple descriptive statistical tests (Mean and Standard deviation) were used to describe the numerical values of the sample while qualitative data were presented by frequency distribution.Results: A total 297 patients were enrolled, after informed consent. The male: female ratio was 1.94. The age ranged between six months and 12 years (mean±SD =6.2±2.9). Majority of patients had generalised tonic-clonic seizure (71.71%), followed by complex partial seizure (12.79%). 70.03% of our patients had idiopathic epilepsy. The commonest causes for symptomatic epilepsy were hypoxic ischaemic insult and CNS infections. Mental retardation and cerebral palsy were common comorbidities. Sodium valproate was the most commonly prescribed drug and 75.08% patients were on monotherapy.Conclusions: Seizure types, aetiology, drug therapy, comorbidities and outcome in a tertiary care hospital in India are similar to previous local and international studies. Preventable causes of epilepsy share a significant portion in the aetiology of the disease. Sodium valproate was seen to have more promising results in paediatric patients for generalized tonic clonic seizure.

scholarly journals Histopathological and Histochemical Study of Human Cholecystitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 768-772
Author(s):  
V. Dhamodharan
Keyword(s):  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Acid Mucin ◽  
Neutral Mucin ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Upper Abdominal ◽  
Calculous Cholecystitis ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Severe Grade

In our study the following inferences were made. Chronic calculous cholecystitis was seen in the age group of 41 to 50 years. A female preponderance was noted with male to female ratio of 2:3. The most common signs and symptoms were upper abdominal tenderness and right hypochondria pain. The mucosa showed ulceration in 63%, hyperplastic mucosa in 34% and metaplasia in 5%. 22% of cases showed mild (Grade-I) inflammation while 41 % of cases and 27% of cases showed moderate(Grade-2) and severe (Grade-3) inflammation respectively. 44 % of cases showed mild (Grade-I) fibrosis while 22% of cases and 15% of cases showed moderate (Grade-2) and severe (Grade-3) fibrosis. With increase 1n severity of inflammation and fibrosis, the total acid mucin content decreased while the neutral mucin content increased. Similar changes were observed in cases of metaplasia too.

scholarly journals Orthodontists of Nepal: The demographic and professional characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Rabindra Man Shrestha ◽  
Manish Bajracharya ◽  
Rajiv Yadav ◽  
Alka Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Medical Council ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Personal Communications ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Professional Characteristics ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Resource Data ◽  
Male To Female

Introduction: Orthodontists are specialist human resource in dentistry. They are essential for the treatment of malocclusion and correction of dentofacial anomalies. Human resource data is required for the planning and implementation of orthodontic service in the country. So the objective of this study was to assess the distribution of Nepali orthodontists according to demographic and professional characteristics. Materials and Method: The study was carried on Nepali orthodontists graduated till December 2020. Demographic details on age, gender, ethnicity, address and professional details on graduation year, university, country, working sector, working district were obtained from the records of Nepal Medical Council and Orthodontic & Dentofacial Orthopedic Association of Nepal, and from the personal communications. The collected data were entered in Microsoft Excel sheet, which was transferred to SPSS Version 20 program for category description. Result: A total of 164 qualified Nepali orthodontists were present as of December 2020. The mean age of the orthodontists was 37.65 (±7.047) years and male to female ratio was 6:4. Among all; 145 were working in Nepal and 80 (48.8%) were working in Kathmandu valley. Among the working orthodontists; 83.4% served in private and 16.6% served in public sector. Orthodontists serve in 24 districts of all seven provinces of Nepal. Conclusion: The number of Nepali orthodontists has increased remarkably after the year 2010. Majority of the orthodontists are working in private sector; those serving in public sector and academia also work extra time at private clinics. Very few orthodontists are present in Karnali and Sudurpaschim province.

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