scholarly journals Discovering Biomarkers in Gastric Cancer by Urine Metabolomics

Author(s):  
Yuan Kong ◽  
Hongya Zhang ◽  
Shuang Li ◽  
Jian Suo ◽  
Shaopeng Zhang ◽  
...  

Abstract IntroductionGastric cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors, ranking forth in incidence and second in mortality worldwide. Discovering molecular biomarkers for early gastric cancer diagnosis is of great importance. MethodsUrine and related clinical data of 40 patients with gastric cancer (20 in advanced stage and 20 in early stage) and 20 healthy volunteers from Jilin University First Hospital were collected. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to detect urine samples and the metabolic differences between the three groups of urine samples were analyzed. The principal component analysis was performed after data processing, and different metabolites were found using analysis of variance. Partial least square discriminant analysis was performed to further narrow the range of different metabolites. The precise mass to charge ratios of different metabolites were imported into the Human Metabolomics Database (HMDB). Finally, the identified different metabolites were further screened by cluster analysis and ROC curve. ResultsUrine samples of the healthy group (NOR), the early gastric cancer group (EGC), and the advanced gastric cancer group (AGC) were different metabolites. 324 statistically significant metabolites are screened out. The cluster analysis showed 7-Methylguanine, vinylacetylglycine, butyric acid, 4-Vinylphenol sulf,
5`-biotinyl-AMP, and 3-Amino-2-piperido in EGC, AGC and NGO were similar. 7-Methylguanine, vinylacetylglycine and 4-Vinylphenolsulfate had good diagnostic ability in EGC and NOR (p<0.05), and gastric cancer and NOR (p<0.05). ConclusionDifferences in the metabolites in urine between the early gastric cancer group and the healthy group were found. 7-Methylguanine, Vinylacetylglycine, and 4-Vinylphenolsulfate have good diagnostic ability and may be potential biomarkers of early gastric cancer.

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Minhong Li ◽  
GuangHui Zheng ◽  
Lin Yu ◽  
Li-lian Tan ◽  
Xi Li ◽  
...  

To explore the diagnostic value of MRI-DWI signal intensity value combined with serum PGI. PGII and CA199 in early gastric cancer. Sixty cases of gastric cancer patients admitted to our hospital from December 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the gastric cancer group and 80 cases of healthy volunteers who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the healthy group. All the 60 patients underwent MRI-DWI examination, and the pathological diagnosis results were regarded as the gold standard. MRI-DWI images, MRI-DWI signal intensity values of patients with different degrees of gastric cancer differentiation. Serum PGI, PGII and CA199 levels of subjects in the two groups were compared. AUC was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of MRI-DWI signal intensity value combined with serum PGI, PG II and CA199 for early gastric cancer. In the healthy group, T1W1 showed relatively uniform low signal intensity. While T2WI showed no significant increase in signal intensity. In the gastric cancer group. There was diffuse gastric wall thickening, local thickening or mass formation; T1WI and WATS showed slightly lower signal intensity in the lesion area. T2WI, FLAIR and B-TFE showed slightly uneven or moderately increased signal intensity. DWI showed limited diffusion, and the signal intensity increased uniformly or more uniformly, and the range of increase was clear. The signal intensity of MRI-DWI was 89.12 ± 8.14 in patients with low differentiation, 82.17 ± 6.35 in patients with moderate differentiation, and 74.52 ± 4.53 in patients with high differentiation. There were significant differences in the signal intensity of MRI-DWI among the three groups, and the difference was statistically significant (F=12.214, P <0.05). Serum PGI levels of subjects in the gastric cancer group were significantly lower than those in the healthy group, and the levels of PGII and CA199 were significantly higher than that in the healthy group, with statistical significance (P <0.05). The AUC, sensitivity and specificity of MRI-DWI signal intensity value and serum PGI, PGII and CA199 combined indexes in the diagnosis of gastric cancer were significantly higher than those of the independent indexes, with statistical significance (P <0.05). Conclusion: MRI-DWI signal strength value, serum PGI, PGII and CA199 levels are closely related to the occurrence and development of early gastric cancer. The combined detection and diagnosis efficiency is higher, which is helpful to improve the detection rate of early gastric cancer and is worthy of extensive clinical application.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Qin ◽  
Qiong Wu ◽  
Rui Su ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Metabolomics is widely used to accurately find the basic characteristics and material basis of life activities. The purpose of this study is to use metabolomics to discover biomarkers for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer.Methods: We collected the blood samples and clinical data of 63 patients with gastric cancer from the First Hospital of Jilin University, including 26 patients with advanced gastric cancer (group A), 37 patients with early gastric cancer (group B), and 18 healthy volunteers (group C). Chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is used for detect metabolites and obtain metabolic profile. Support vector machine (SVM) is used to screen the differential metabolites with a weight of 100% from the blood sample. Total ion current diagram, principal component analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) are used to identify differential metabolites. PCA and the quadratic discriminant analysis were used to evaluate the similarity between samples. The receiver characteristic curve (ROC) is used to evaluate the diagnostic ability of metabolites. After the nuclear ratio of the selected metabolites is imported into the Human Metabolome Database (HMDB), the structure is identified to determine the corresponding substances, and then the verification group is used to test the accuracy of the metabolites.Results: Through LC-MS, TIC, ANOVA and PCA, differential metabolites were found in different blood samples. Cluster analysis showed similar metabolites in the three groups A, B, and C. ROC curve represented the diagnostic ability of metabolites. The different metabolites between group A and C were spermine, enterostatin, heparin sulfate, and triacylglycerol. The difference metabolites between group A, group B and group C were same as those between group A and C. The cluster analysis and ROC also showed that all four metabolites had high specificity and sensitivity in the verification group. And the results of verification group were consistent with the experimental group.Conclusion: Spermine, enterostatin, heparin sulfate, and triacylglycerol may be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 3896-3904
Author(s):  
Daoting Deng ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Junxi Liu ◽  
Lina Ma ◽  
Xinrui Lei ◽  
...  

To explore exosomal miR-375 expression in gastric cancer patients and its relationship with patient prognosis. A total of 53 patients diagnosed with gastric cancer in our hospital from May 2014 to May 2016 were included as the gastric cancer group, and 46 healthy women who came to our hospital for physical examination during the same period were enrolled as the healthy group. Exosomal miR-375 expression level was detected using qRT-PCR, and the diagnostic performance and prognostic significance of exosomal miR-375 in gastric cancer were explored. The gastric cancer group showed increased exosomal miR-375 expression than the healthy group (P< 0.05); Kaplan-Meier survival analysis exhibited that serum exosomal miR-375 has an AUC of 0.778, sensitivity of 69.57%, and specificity of 75.47%, whereas Cox regression analysis showed that the miR-375 expression in exosomes was an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of gastric cancer patients (P< 0.05). Patient with gastric cancer showed upregulated miR-375 expression in serum exosomes. Serum exosomal miR-375 was found to has positive sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of gastric cancer, which may be associated with poor prognosis of gastric cancer patients.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1516-1521
Author(s):  
Xuli Guo ◽  
Lezhong Yuan ◽  
Xia Yuan ◽  
Xiaohong Guo ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
...  

Objective To investigate the value of serum miRNA 6503-5p (miR6503-5p) combined with pepsinogen ratio (PGR) in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer. Methods: 94 patients (gastric cancer group) with gastric cancer confirmed by pathological examination and 90 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis collected by Department of Pathology in our hospital were selected as the control group, the serum levels of pepsinogen (PG I, PG II) and miR6503-5p were measured in the two groups, and the value of the two indexes in the diagnosis of gastric cancer was analyzed by ROC. Results: The serum levels of miR6503-5p in gastric cancer group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05), the serum levels of PG I and PGR in gastric cancer group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05), the serum levels of miR6503-5p in stage II gastric cancer group were significantly higher than those in stage I patients with statistically significant difference (P<0.05), and the serum levels of PG I and PGR in stage II gastric cancer group were significantly lower than those in stage I patients with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The serum levels of PG I, PG II and PGR in the patients with highly and moderately differentiated gastric cancer were not significantly different from those in the patients with poorly and undifferentiated gastric cancer, with no statistically significant different (P>0.05); the serum levels of miR6503-5p in the patients with highly and moderately differentiated gastric cancer were significantly lower than those in the patients with poorly and undifferentiated gastric cancer, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05); the sensitivity of miR6503-5p in diagnosing gastric cancer was 81.33%, the specificity was 71.09%, the area under the ROC curve was 0.767; the sensitivity of PGR in diagnosing gastric cancer was 85.81%, the specificity was 78.40%, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.827. The sensitivity of serum miR6503-5p combined with PGR was 96.40%, the specificity was 85.44%, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.920. Conclusion The miR 6503-5p combined with PGR has high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of gastric cancer and is worthy of clinical application in the screenof patient with early gastric cancer.


Author(s):  
Zilong Zhang ◽  
Linghong Zhu ◽  
Yanqing Ma ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Caihong Ci ◽  
...  

AbstractThe aim of this study is to compare and analyze the structure and diversity of intestinal flora between gastric cancer patients and healthy people in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and to explore the characteristics of the intestinal flora composition in gastric cancer patients in the plateau area, and to determine the possible correlation between the intestinal flora and gastric cancer. Fresh feces from 22 cases of gastric cancer patients diagnosed in a tertiary hospital in Qinghai Province and 30 cases of healthy people during the same period were collected. The 52 subjects were undergone for 16S rDNA gene sequencing of intestinal bacteria to analyze and compare the diversity and compositional characteristics of intestinal flora. Analysis of the diversity of intestinal flora between the gastric cancer group and the healthy group was based on the Chao1 index of species richness, Shannon diversity index, and Simpson index. It showed that the gastric cancer group had no statistically difference from the healthy group (P > 0.05). In the Venn diagram, the number of OTU units shared by the gastric cancer group and the healthy group is 6997, and the number of unique OTU units in the healthy group is 2282, while the number of OTU units in the gastric cancer group is 896 and the difference is statistically significant (χ2 = 495.829), P < 0.000). Analysis of the composition and abundance distribution of intestinal flora showed that at the phylum level, there is no significant deference in abundance between the healthy group of Bacteroides and Firmicutes compared with the gastric cancer group (P > 0.05). However, there is a statistically significant difference in abundance between the healthy groups of Proteobacteria compared with the gastric cancer group (P < 0.05). At the genus level, the gastric cancer group of Prevotella_9 is significantly different from the healthy group (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the gastric cancer group of Streptococcus and Lactobacillus are significantly different from the healthy group (P < 0.001). There are differences in the composition and abundance of intestinal flora between patients with gastric cancer and healthy people in plateau areas, suggesting that Proteobacteria, Prevotella_9, Streptococcus, and Lactobacillus have increased in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and becoming one of the factors related to the incidence of gastric cancer in the region.


2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 401-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Naneva ◽  
M. Nedyalkova ◽  
S. Madurga ◽  
F. Mas ◽  
V. Simeonov

AbstractAs a result of increased healthcare requirements and the introduction of genetically modified foods, the problem of allergies is becoming a growing health problem. The concept of allergies has prompted the use of new methods such as genomics and proteomics to uncover the nature of allergies. In the present study, a selection of 1400 food proteins was analysed by PLS-DA (Partial Least Square-based Discriminant Analysis) after suitable transformation of structural parameters into uniform vectors. Then, the resulting strings of different length were converted into vectors with equal length by Auto and Cross-Covariance (ACC) analysis. Hierarchical and non-hierarchical (K-means) Cluster Analysis (CA) was also performed in order to reach a certain level of separation within a small training set of plant proteins (16 allergenic and 16 non-allergenic) using a new three-dimensional descriptor based on surface protein properties in combination with amino acid hydrophobicity scales. The novelty of the approach in protein differentiation into allergenic and non-allergenic classes is described in the article.The general goal of the present study was to show the effectiveness of a traditional chemometric method for classification (PLS–DA) and the options of Cluster Analysis (CA) to separate by multivariate statistical methods allergenic from non-allergenic proteins.


Author(s):  
Serge Nabeneza ◽  
Vincent Porphyre ◽  
Fabrice Davrieux

Le miel est traditionnellement consommé dans les îles de l’océan Indien et utilisé également pour ses propriétés cosmétiques et thérapeutiques. Ce produit, issu du nectar de fleurs ou de miellat d’insectes, est collecté et transformé par les abeilles produisant ainsi un miel unique caractéristique de la flore de chaque île. A l’issue de la récolte, l’apiculteur doit nor­malement veiller à ce que le miel soit conforme et respecte des caractéristiques physico-chimiques spécifiques selon les recom­mandations du Codex alimentarius. De plus, il doit indiquer des informations, comme l’origine botanique et géographique, sur chaque pot de miel vendu. En pratique il est toutefois très diffi­cile de vérifier l’exactitude de ces informations, d’autant qu’elles sont mises en avant comme argument de vente.La spectrométrie dans le proche infrarouge (SPIR), basée sur les propriétés physiques d’absorption de la lumière par les com­posés organiques, peut être un outil de contrôle et de traçabi­lité des miels mis sur le marché (1, 3). L’objectif principal de cette étude a été d’évaluer la faisabilité d’un contrôle qualité (authentification de l’origine botanique et/ou géographique et détection d’adultération) des miels commerciaux produits dans l’océan Indien. Les perspectives de cette méthode de laboratoire sont importantes dans le cadre du développement des filières apicoles, notamment lorsqu’elles sont orientées vers les marchés d’exportation et vers la promotion de leur qualité auprès de consommateurs désireux de profiter de produits d’excellence et fortement attachés à des territoires insulaires uniques.Au total, 625 miels des pays de l’océan Indien (tableau I) ayant diverses origines botaniques (tableau II) ont été mesurés sans ajustement à 30 °C et après ajustement à 70 °Brix avec de l’eau distillée (3). La mesure a été réalisée en réflexion diffuse à l’aide d’une cellule ronde avec un fond réflecteur doré (trajet optique 0,1 mm) sur un spectromètre FOSS NIRSystem 5000 (1 100–2 500 nm, 2 nm). En parallèle, les mesures du degré Brix, de l’humidité et de la conductivité des miels bruts ont été réalisées au laboratoire. Après l’analyse en composantes prin­cipales (ACP) de la base spectrale des 625 miels et le calcul des distances H de Mahalanobis, 83 miels ont été identifiés comme spectralement atypiques et retirés du jeu de données (tableau I). Sur la base des distances spectrales (H, Mahalanobis), 64 miels représentatifs des 542 miels retenus ont été sélectionnés, ajustés à 70 °Brix, puis adultérés avec du sirop de sucre de canne du commerce (Mascarin®) à 25 et à 10 p. 100 par pesée.Les modèles prédictifs des teneurs en humidité, Brix et conducti­vité ont été établis en utilisant la régression modified partial least square (M-PLS) du logiciel WinISI 3 (Infrasoft, Port Mathilda, PA, Etats-Unis). Les modèles PLS ont été réalisés sur la base des dérivées premières des spectres normalisés (SNV) et corri­gés pour la ligne de base (Detrend). Pour expliquer les critères géographiques et botaniques, nous avons utilisé une méthode non supervisée de discrimination (Cluster Analysis, Unscrumbler 10.3, CAMO, Oslo, Norvège), qui constitue des groupements naturels, sur la base des distances spectrales. Les spectres des miels non adultérés ont servi de base pour définir un espace multidimensionnel (ACP centrée, non réduite sur dérivée seconde des spectres bruts). La projection des spectres (dérivée seconde des spectres bruts) des miels adultérés sur cet espace a permis d’identifier un plan factoriel (CP1–CP7) expliquant 65 p. 100 de la variance totale, sur lequel les miels adultérés étaient nettement séparés des miels non adultérés. Les modèles d’étalonnage obtenus par régression PLS pour le degré Brix, l’humidité et la conductivité ont été performants avec des R² de l’ordre de 0,92 et des erreurs de validation croisée acceptables (tableau III) (figure 1).Les essais de groupement des individus sur la base de leur spectre (recherche de clusters), de même que l’utilisation d’autres méthodes mathématiques, comme l’analyse discrimi­nante linéaire (LDA) et la classification support vecteur machine (SVM) à partir des origines géographiques et botaniques n’ont pas donné de résultats satisfaisants (tableau IV). Cette impossi­bilité de discriminer les miels de l’océan Indien serait peut-être due à une identification botanique imprécise des miels. Sans analyses polliniques des échantillons de miels, les origines bota­niques ne peuvent être certifiées, en particulier les miels dits monofloraux. Plusieurs hypothèses peuvent expliquer l’impos­sibilité de discriminer les miels de l’océan Indien en fonction de leur origine géographique et/ou botanique. Parmi elles, les différences chimiques caractéristiques de l’origine géographique et/ou botanique correspondent à des classes de composés (aro­matiques par exemple) qui n’impactent pas suffisamment les empreintes spectrales, ne permettant pas de trouver des fac­teurs discriminants. La projection des miels adultérés à 25 p. 100 (figure 2), sur la base de miels non adultérés montre une sépara­tion nette des populations. En revanche, pour un niveau d’adul­tération à 10 p. 100, la séparation n’est pas évidente (figure 3).Les résultats obtenus montrent que la spectrométrie dans le proche infrarouge peut être utilisée pour prédire certains para­mètres physico-chimiques des miels. Ces premiers résultats montrent que la constitution d’une base spectrale de miels adultérés à différents niveaux au laboratoire, associée à des méthodes de régression ou de discrimination devrait permettre l’identification de miels non-conformes, comme montré précé­demment par Rios-Corripio et coll. (2).Ces résultats ne permettent pas, dans l’état actuel, de différencier l’origine géographique et botanique des miels collectés dans le commerce. La limite de détection des miels adultérés par du sucre de canne devra être déterminée. Elle se trouve entre 10 et 25 p. 100. Les fraudeurs adultérant fréquemment les miels avec du glucose, il serait important de poursuivre les essais avec ce produit. Il est donc possible de détecter, par la technique SPIR, des altérations importantes du miel par ajout de sucre de canne.


2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Dohi ◽  
Nobuaki Yagi ◽  
Atsushi Majima ◽  
Yusuke Horii ◽  
Tomoko Kitaichi ◽  
...  

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