scholarly journals Coping with Depression and Anxiety in Egyptian Physicians during COVID-19 ‎Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ola Osama Khalaf ◽  
Mohamed A. Khalil ◽  
Reham Abdelmaksoud
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Academic Degree ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Prophylactic Measures

Abstract Background: COVID-19 pandemic is a public health ‎emergency with negative impact on mental health. Health care workers are one of the most vulnerable groups to psychological stress ‎in Pandemics especially COVID -19. In this cross-sectional study, we assessed the depression, stress and coping among a sample of Egyptian Physicians using an electronic survey was sent. It included demographic data, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 Items (DASS-21) and Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS).Results: We found that the majority of the sample were females (61.2%), medical specialties (51.2%) and (‎92.4‎ %) were living with vulnerable family members. The majority (63%) suffered from severe or extremely severe depression, 77.6% had extremely severe anxiety and 72% suffered from stress. BRCS showed that only 17.1% had high resilient coping. Female physicians were significantly higher in the depression, anxiety and stress scales of DASS than male physicians (p= 0.001, ‎<0.001 and ‎<0.001 respectively). Anxiety scale was significantly higher in those with chronic diseases (p= 0.040) while the stress scale was lower significantly in those with higher academic degree (p= 0.034). Age had significantly negative correlation with DASS anxiety (p= 0.031) and stress scores (p= 0.037). The BRCS score had significantly negative correlation with the depression, anxiety and stress scales of DASS (p= 0.018, ‎0.014 and ‎0.007 respectively). Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic has a negative impact on the psychological well-being of the studied Egyptian physicians. Prophylactic measures should be implemented to avoid development of psychiatric symptoms in physicians.

scholarly journals Coping with depression and anxiety in Egyptian physicians during COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ola Osama Khalaf ◽  
Mohamed A. Khalil ◽  
Reham Abdelmaksoud
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Academic Degree ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Prophylactic Measures

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic is a public health emergency with a negative impact on mental health. Healthcare workers are one of the most vulnerable groups to psychological stress in pandemics especially COVID-19. In this cross-sectional study, we assessed depression, stress, and coping among a sample of Egyptian physicians using an electronic survey. It included demographic data; Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21); and Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS). Results We found that the majority of the sample were females (61.2%), in medical specialties (51.2%), and living with vulnerable family members (92.4 %). The majority (63%) suffered from severe or extremely severe depression, 77.6% had extremely severe anxiety, and 72% suffered from stress. BRCS showed that only 17.1% had high resilient coping. Female physicians had significantly higher depression, anxiety, and stress scores of DASS than male physicians (p = 0.001, < 0.001, and < 0.001, respectively). The anxiety scale was significantly higher in those with chronic diseases (p = 0.040) while the stress scale was lower significantly in those with higher academic degree (p = 0.034). Age had a significantly negative correlation with DASS anxiety (p = 0.031) and stress scores (p = 0.037). The BRCS score had a significantly negative correlation with the depression, anxiety, and stress scales of DASS (p = 0.018, 0.014, and 0.007 respectively). Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has a negative impact on the psychological well-being of the studied Egyptian physicians. Prophylactic measures should be implemented to avoid development of psychiatric symptoms in physicians.

The psychosocial impact on society of the COVID-19 epidemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-232
Author(s):  
Vasily N. Bolekhan ◽  
Igor M. Ulyukin ◽  
Ekaterina V. Shulyatyeva
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Social Interventions ◽  
Snake Bites ◽  
Long Time

The issues of psychosocial and other impact of COVID-19 on the epidemiological specificity of the disease are considered in the interests of effective medical, psychological and social interventions to preserve the epidemiological well-being in society during the period of the COVID-19. It is shown that the spread of this disease had a sharply negative impact on the economy, in particular, of our country, since for a long time certain industries that served as sources of budget revenues were paralyzed, and the populations ability to pay sharply decreased, the volume of financial inflows into the service sector decreased, which is reflected in the field of public health. Therefore, within the framework of the anti-crisis COVID-19 measures, one can single out such areas as education, employment, support for vulnerable groups and information support, which are carried out in various countries based on the existing practices, methods and financial capabilities. In addition, the fact that the current outbreak of COVID-19 provokes stigmatization and discriminatory behavior of society towards representatives of certain ethnic groups, as well as towards people suspected of having contact with carriers of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection, is of great epidemiological significance. The widespread prevalence of COVID-19 is believed to be not a pandemic, but a syndemia (not just comorbidity, but an integration that identifies biological and social interactions important for prognosis, treatment and health policy), characterized by biological and social interactions between conditions and conditions, interactions that increase a persons susceptibility to harm or worsen their health. Thus, in the case of COVID-19, the fight against non-communicable diseases (hypertension, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular and chronic respiratory diseases, cancer, snake bites, epilepsy, kidney disease and sickle cell anemia) and socioeconomic inequality will also become a prerequisite for its successful containment.

scholarly journals Steps Towards Comprehensive Heat Communication in the Frame of a Heat Health Warning System in Slovenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5829
Author(s):  
Tjaša Pogačar ◽  
Zala Žnidaršič ◽  
Lučka Kajfež Bogataj ◽  
Zalika Črepinšek
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Health Warning ◽  
Health Measures

Occupational heat stress has an important negative impact on the well-being, health and productivity of workers and should; therefore, be recognized as a public health issue in Europe. There is no comprehensive heat health warning system in Slovenia combining public health measures with meteorological forecasts. The aim of this research was to provide insight into the development of such a system in Slovenia, turning the communication from the current meteoalarm into a broader system that has more information for different social groups. To achieve this goal, the following steps were used: Analysis of summer temperatures and issued meteoalarms, a survey of the general knowledge about heat among the public, organization and management of two stakeholder symposia, and a final survey on workers’ opinions on heat stress and measures, supplemented by interviews with employers. Summer average daily temperature distributions in Slovenia changed during the investigated period (1961–2019) and the mean values increased over time by 2–3 °C. Additionally, the number of days with fulfilled yellow (potentially dangerous) and especially orange (dangerous) meteoalarm conditions increased significantly after 1990. The survey of the general public about heat stress and warnings showed that efforts to raise awareness of heat issues need to be intensified and that public health measures should effectively target vulnerable groups. Stakeholder symposia and further surveys have shown that awareness and understanding of the negative effects of heat stress on health and productivity are still quite low, so effective ways of disseminating information to different sectors while striking the best balance between efficiency, feasibility and economic cost have to be found.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the health status of the population in six health zones in South Kivu: a cross-sectional population study using the WHODAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Lwamushi Makali ◽  
Espoir Bwenge Malembaka ◽  
Anne-Sophie Lambert ◽  
Hermès Bimana Karemere ◽  
Christian Molima Eboma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South Kivu

Abstract Background The eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has experienced decades-long armed conflicts which have had a negative impact on population’s health. Most research in public health explores measures that focus on a specific health problem rather than overall population health status. The aim of this study was to assess the health status of the population and its predictors in conflict settings of South Kivu province, using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS). Methods Between May and June 2019, we conducted a community-based cross-sectional survey among 1440 adults in six health zones (HZ), classified according to their level of armed conflict intensity and chronicity in four types (accessible and stable, remote and stable, intermediate and unstable). The data were collected by a questionnaire including socio-demographic data and the WHODAS 2.0 tool with 12 items. The main variable of the study was the WHODAS summary score measuring individual’s health status and synthesize in six domains of disability (household, cognitive, mobility, self-care, social and society). Univariate analysis, correlation and comparison tests as well as hierarchical multiple linear regression were performed. Results The median WHODAS score in the accessible and stable (AS), remote and stable (RS), intermediate (I) and unstable (U) HZ was 6.3 (0–28.6); 25 (6.3–41.7); 22.9 (12.5–33.3) and 39.6 (22.9–54.2), respectively. Four of the six WHODAS domain scores (household, cognitive, mobility and society) were the most altered in the UHZs. The RSHZ and IHZ had statistically comparable global WHODAS scores. The stable HZs (accessible and remote) had statistically lower scores than the UHZ on all items. In regression analysis, the factors significantly associated with an overall poor health status (or higher WHODAS score) were advanced age, being woman, being membership of an association; being divorced, separated or widower and living in an unstable HZ. Conclusions Armed conflicts have a significantly negative impact on people’s perceived health, particularly in crisis health zones. In this area, we must accentuate actions aiming to strengthen people’s psychosocial well-being.

scholarly journals Understanding the Experiences of COVID-19 Spatial and Social Restrictions Among Young People with Physical Disabilities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marica Cassarino ◽  
Rachel Atkins
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Spatial Inequalities

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant social and spatial restrictions. While everyone has felt the impacts of this health crisis, limited evidence is available about the experiences of young individuals with physical disabilities; this group faces many challenges due to the pandemic restrictions, including increased vulnerability, inaccessibility of essential services and increased spatial inequalities within the environment. Aims: This study aimed to gain an insight into the experiences of spatial and social restrictions for young people with disabilities, with a look at understanding the potential impact on wellbeing.Methods and Procedures: In this qualitative study, semi-structured online interviews were completed with a convenience sample of eight people aged between 18-25, with one or more physical disabilities. The interview investigated day-to-day spatial and social activities during the lockdown. A short questionnaire collected demographic and health information. Data was analysed using thematic analysis.Results: The participants’ responses generated three core themes: 1) Adapting to a new way of life; 2) Dealing with a sense of uncertainty and isolation; 3) Widening the gap of inequality. Within these themes, participants’ narratives centred around the negative impact of restrictions on socialisation, the emotional toll of virus-related fear and stress, and the increased inequality of guidance and inaccessibility of amenities; participants also described initiating new routines as a coping strategy and the changes to work/college life. Conclusions and Implications: These findings highlight how the pandemic has exacerbated spatial and social inequalities for young people with disabilities, and has had a resulting impact on their overall well-being. Therefore, this points at the importance of promoting equal access and personhood among vulnerable groups.

scholarly journals MENTAL HEALTH OF TEACHERS IN UKRAINIAN EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 2779-2783
Author(s):  
Tetiana M. Dziuba ◽  
Liudmyla M. Karamushka ◽  
Lyubov J. Halushko ◽  
Iryna M. Zvyagolskaya ◽  
Taras V. Karamushka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Central State ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Significant Negative Impact

The aim: To research the indicators of teachers’ mental health in a destabilizing organization of professional activities. Materials and methods: The study was conducted at the Poltava M. V. Ostrogradsky Regional Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education, Poltava V. G. Korolenko National Pedagogical University, Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central State Pedagogical University and Poltava State Medical University in 2018-2020. The sample size of 1817 respondents (Ukraine) included 388 men and 1429 women aged 20 to 57 years. The following methods were used: “Scale of threats to occupational health” (Dziuba, 2015) and “Scale of subjective well-being” (Sokolova, 2007) adapted by T. Dziuba. The study used mathematical and statistical analysis (descriptive statistics, correlation analysis) using IBM SPSS Statistics (version 21.0). Results: It was found that an unstable level of emotional comfort is dominant (57.2%). This is shown by the following indicators: “self-assessment of mental health” 61.0%, “tension and sensitivity” 54.3% and “signs of psychiatric symptoms” 53.0%. Correlation analysis revealed a significant negative impact of the threat factors “daily and weekly overtime” (p <0.01) and “overwork” (p <0.01) on mental health. There is an increase in emotional discomfort in a situation of daily and weekly overtime and overwork. There is a positive correlation between the teachers’ mental health and the indicator “significance of the professional environment” (p <0.01). Conclusions: The study showed that teachers’ mental health in Ukrainian educational organizations is characterized by unstable emotional comfort and increased emotional discomfort, which is a consequence of unbalanced (destabilizing) working conditions: overwork, overtime. The obtained data motivates the need to conduct targete psychotherapeutic and corrective work with teachers who demonstrate professional distress.

Benchmarking Trauma in Child Welfare: A Brief Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110383
Author(s):  
Elinam D. Dellor ◽  
Susan Yoon ◽  
Alicia C. Bunger ◽  
Marla Himmeger ◽  
Bridget Freishtler
Keyword(s):  
Child Welfare ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Adults And Children

Trauma exposure is common; however, considerably higher rates are reported in some vulnerable groups including adults and children involved in child welfare systems. In this context, early screening and service linkage may ameliorate its negative impact on the physical and mental well-being of adults and children alike. Using data from two Ohio-based child welfare interventions targeting co-occurring maltreatment and substance use (Ohio START 1 and EPIC2), the purpose of this brief report was to first describe the rate of trauma exposure among participating adults (Adverse Childhood Experiences or ACEs, N = 402), children 0–5 years (CTAC, N = 271) and youth 6–18 years (CTAC, N = 177), and second to benchmark observed rates against reported rates in other child welfare or similar populations across the United States. Results show that adults were exposed to 4.2 ACEs on average, a 24% increase over previous child welfare estimates. While mean CTAC scores were not significantly different among young children ages 0–5, older children reported on average 5.6 exposures which is 27% higher than previously reported estimates. Our findings highlight the difference in risk profiles between families involved child welfare due primarily to substance misuse and those without substance misuse concerns, or where substance misuse was not the primary cause of entry. We discuss implications for service provision and time-sensitive child welfare requirements.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Health Status of the Population in Six Health Zones in South Kivu: a Cross-sectional Population Study Using the WHODAS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Makali Lwamushi ◽  
Espoir Bwenge Malembaka ◽  
Anne-Sophie Lambert ◽  
Hermès Karemere Bimana ◽  
Christian Molima Eboma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South Kivu

Abstract Background: The eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has experienced decades-long armed conflicts which might have had a negative impact on population’s health. Most studies have used reductionist health measures such as morbidity and mortality rather than person-centered approaches for measuring the health status of the population. The aim of this study was to assess the health status of the population and its predictors in conflict settings of South Kivu province, using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS). Methods: Between May and June 2019, we conducted a community-based cross-sectional survey among 1,440 adults in six health zones (HZ), classified according to their level of armed conflict intensity and chronicity in four types (accessible and stable, remote and stable, intermediate and unstable). The data were collected by a questionnaire including socio-demographic data and the WHODAS 2.0 tool with 12 items. The main variable of the study was the WHODAS summary score measuring individual’s health status and synthesize in six domains of disability (household, cognitive, mobility, self-care, social and society). Univariate analysis, correlation and comparison tests as well as hierarchical multiple linear regression were performed.Results: The median WHODAS score in the accessible and stable (AS), remote and stable (RS), intermediate (I) and unstable (U) HZ was 6.3 (0-28.6); 25 (6.3-41.7); 22.9 (12.5-33.3) and 39.6 (22.9-54.2), respectively. Four of the six WHODAS domain scores (household, cognitive, mobility and society) were the most altered in the UHZs. The RSHZ and IHZ had statistically comparable global WHODAS scores. The stable HZs (accessible and remote) had statistically lower scores than the UHZ on all items. In regression analysis, the factors significantly associated with an overall poor health status (or higher whodas score) were advanced age, being woman, being membership of an association; being divorced, separated or widower and living in an unstable HZ.Conclusions: Armed conflicts have a significantly negative impact on people’s perceived health, particularly in crisis health zones. In this area, we must accentuate actions aiming to strengthen people’s psychosocial well-being.

scholarly journals Insomnia, Perceived Stress, and Family Support among Nursing Staff during the Pandemic Crisis

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 434
Author(s):  
Athanasios Tselebis ◽  
Dimitra Lekka ◽  
Christos Sikaras ◽  
Effrosyni Tsomaka ◽  
Athanasios Tassopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Perceived Stress Scale ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Athens Insomnia Scale ◽  
Scale Scores

The COVID-19 pandemic is likely to cause mental health issues, especially for healthcare professionals. The aim of this study was to investigate levels of perceived stress, insomnia, and the sense of family support among nurses in pandemic conditions. We administered in a sample of 150 nurses from different hospital departments during the COVID-19 pandemic the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Family Support Scale (FSS). Individual and demographic data were recorded. In total, 120 women and 30 men completed the study questionnaires. Almost half of the participants (49.7%) reported the presence of insomnia and more than half (50.3%) experienced increased stress levels. Scores on the Athens Insomnia Scale correlated positively with Perceived Stress Scale scores (p < 0.01), and negatively with Family Support Scale scores (p < 0.01). Significantly negative correlations were observed among scores on the Perceived Stress Scale and the Family Support Scale (p < 0.01). The regression models revealed that ‘scores on Perceived Stress Scale’ and ‘years of work experience’ were significant predictors of ‘scores on Athens Insomnia Scale’, each explaining 43.6% and 2.3% of the variance. ‘Scores on Athens Insomnia Scale’ and ‘scores on Family Support Scale’ were significant predictors of ‘scores on Perceived Stress Scale’, explaining 43.7% and 9.2% of the variance. In conclusion, we confirmed that working with COVID-19 patients has a negative impact on the sleep of nurses, possibly mediated by increased levels of stress. Family support, as a protective factor, appears to moderate the deleterious consequences of stress.

A descriptive study of the prevalence of psychological distress and mental disorders in the Canadian population: comparison between low-income and non-low-income populations

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Caron ◽  
A. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
High Psychological Distress

Objective This descriptive study compares rates of high psychological distress and mental disorders between low-income and non-low-income populations in Canada. Methods Data were collected through the Canadian Community Health Survey – Mental Health and Well-being (CCHS 1.2), which surveyed 36 984 Canadians aged 15 or over; 17.9% (n = 6620) was classified within the low-income population using the Low Income Measure. The K-10 was used to measure psychological distress and the CIDI for assessing mental disorders. Results One out of 5 Canadians reported high psychological distress, and 1 out of 10 reported at least one of the five mental disorders surveyed or substance abuse. Women, single, separated or divorced respondents, non-immigrants and Aboriginal Canadians were more likely to report suffering from psychological distress or from mental disorders and substance abuse. Rates of reported psychological distress and of mental disorders and substance abuse were much higher in low-income populations, and these differences were statistically consistent in most of the sociodemographic strata. Conclusion This study helps determine the vulnerable groups in mental health for which prevention and promotion programs could be designed.

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