scholarly journals Organic Farming in Tamilnadu (a State in India) Evidence From the Field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panchapakesan Balasubramanian ◽  
Anand Atul ◽  
Anand Eshani
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Green Growth ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Indian Agriculture ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Certified Organic

Abstract Green Economy defined by UNEP as one that results in improved human wellbeing and social equity, while significantly reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities. Green economy also refers to the resilient economy that provides a better quality of life for all within the ecological limits of the planet. Major countries and agencies are looking towards a green economy that provides path ways for sustainable development and poverty eradication. While discussing the concept of Green Economy it is also important to look at the concept of Green Growth. The key economic indicator that is used to measure the Green Economy’s Growth is referred as Green GDP. The potential economic and social impacts of environmental degradation are particularly important for developing countries in order to tackle many of the growth and development issues without compromising further growth and poverty reduction. The concept of Green growth has emerged as a new approach replacing the conventional economic growth model. The GDP refers to the Gross Domestic product generation Agriculture, Industrial and Service sectors. As on 2019, in addition to ensuring food security, agriculture has contributed 15.9% to the Indian GDP and employed 42.3% of its population despite its dependence on vagaries of monsoon. Agriculture continues to be the largest provider of livelihood in rural India and the livelihood of farmers are influenced by the demand and supply of agriculture products in the country and thereby influence the economy. The organic products are priced with a premium in the market in the country. The demand for organic products across the globe, especially in developed countries, has been growing rapidly. Globally, organic farming is practiced in 162 countries and 37 million ha of land are managed organically by 1.8 million agricultural households. The sale of organic food and drink is estimated to be 63 billion US dollar in 2011 internationally. The organic farm land area had increased by 3 percent when compared to 2010. The countries with large-scale organic farm land are Australia, Argentina and United State in that order. The main contributor of expansion of cultivated area under organic agriculture in Asia is India. The cultivated area under certified organic farming has grown 17 times in the last one decade in the country. In India, certified organic farming is undertaken in all the states and Union territories. States like Uttaranchal, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Nagaland, Mizoram and Sikkim have been promoting Organic farming. The organic produce is increasingly preferred by major urban centers in India. Huge demand for Indian organic products especially tea, coffee, cotton etc., exists in international market. The organic produces like tea, herbs, and species from Tamil Nadu are widely sought after globally. The Tandon H.L.S et al (2007) have reviewed the fertilizer consumption in Indian Agriculture for the past five decades and concluded that the Integrated Nutrient Management would be the solution for the problems faced by Indian Agriculture. Gahukar R.T et al (2009) in his paper discussed about the Sustainable Agriculture in India at that time and brought up the future needs of Sustainable Agriculture in India with a series of recommendations. Jaganathan.D et al (2012) conducted a sample survey to assess the Knowledge Level Farmers on Organic Farming in India. Amarnath J.S et al (2012) looked at the economic aspects of organic farming in Tamil Nadu. Panneerselvam.P et al (2013) studied the impact of large-scale organic conversion and food production and food security in Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh. Amarnath J.S et al (2013) developed indicators for comparing sustainability in crop and diary production in Tamil Nadu. Vandana Tyagi et al (2017) discussed in detail the prospects and challenges of Green Economy in India. Kalyani.V et al (2018) concentrated briefly on various issues and prospects for organic farming in Tamil Nadu. Krishnaprabu.S et al (2019) focused on concept, application and prospects on Organic Farming in India. Jothi Sivagnanam.K et al (2019) dwelt on fertilizers’ consumption and soil health status in Tamil Nadu. Dr V. Bail Hans et al (2019) studied the relationship between the sustainable agriculture and economic growth especially in State Governments. Murugan.D et al (2020) studied the greening status of organic farming in wet and try land in Nagapattinam and Erode District of Tamil Nadu under various crops. Hinz et al (2020) concentrated on land consumption dynamics in Tamil Nadu under various scenarios. Amit Khurana et al (2020) studied the challenges and possibility in the organic and natural farming in India. Delabre et al (2021) deliberated on how sustainable food production and consumption will impact post 2020 global Bio Diversity Framework. This paper attempts probably for the first time to examine the data on consumption of inputs for evidence regarding the adaption of organic farming in the State.

scholarly journals Organic Farming in Tamil Nadu (a State in India) Evidence From the Field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panchapakesan Balasubramanian ◽  
Atul Anand ◽  
Eshani Anand
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Indian Agriculture ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Certified Organic

Abstract The green economy is defined by the UNEP as one that results in improved human wellbeing and social equity, while significantly reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities. The green economy also refers to a resilient economy that provides a better quality of life for all within the ecological limits of the planet. Major countries and agencies are looking towards a green economy that provides path ways for sustainable development and poverty eradication. While discussing the concept of the green economy, it is also important to look at the concept of green growth. The key economic indicator that is used to measure the green economy’s growth is referred as “Green GDP”. The potential economic and social impacts of environmental degradation are particularly important for developing countries to tackle many growth and development issues without impeding future growth and poverty reduction. The concept of green growth has emerged as a new approach replacing the conventional economic growth model. GDP refers to the gross domestic product generation in agriculture, industrial and service sectors. As of 2019, in addition to ensuring food security, agriculture contributed 15.9% to Indian GDP and employed 42.3% of its population despite its dependence on vagaries of monsoons. Agriculture continues to be the largest provider of livelihood in rural India, and the livelihood of farmers is influenced by the demand and supply of agricultural products in the country thereby influencing the economy. During 1950s India was straggling to produce sufficient food grains to feed its population. So it embarked on the green revolution by introducing high quality seeds, improved irrigation and subsidised chemical inputs. While the country has now become exporter of food grains, second generation problems, arisen due to large scale use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, are visible now. So the transition to organic farming have started happening.Organic products are priced with a premium on the market in the country. The demand for organic products across the globe, especially in developed countries, has been growing rapidly. Globally, organic farming is practiced in 162 countries, and 37 million ha of land is managed organically by 1.8 million agricultural households. The sale of organic food and drink was estimated to be 63 billion US dollars in 2011 internationally. The organic-farmland area increased by three percent compared to 2010. The countries with large-scale organic farmland are Australia, Argentina and United States in that order. The main contributor to the expansion of cultivated area under organic agriculture in Asia is India. The cultivated area under certified organic farming has grown 17 times in the last decade in the country. In India, certified organic farming is undertaken in all states and Union territories.States such as Uttaranchal, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Nagaland, Mizoram and Sikkim have been promoting organic farming. Organic produce is increasingly preferred by major urban centers in India. A large demand for Indian organic products, especially tea, coffee, cotton, etc., exists on the international market. Organic products such as tea, herbs, and species from Tamil Nadu are widely sought globally.The Tandon H.L.S et al. (2007) [1] reviewed fertilizer consumption in Indian agriculture for the past five decades and concluded that integrated nutrient management would be the solution for the problems faced by Indian agriculture. Gahukar R.T et al. (2009) [2], in his paper, discussed sustainable agriculture in India at that time and brought up the future needs of sustainable agriculture in India with a series of recommendations. Jaganathan.D et al. (2012) [4] conducted a sample survey to assess the knowledge level farmers on organic farming in India. Amarnath J.S et al. (2012)[5] examined the economic aspects of organic farming in Tamil Nadu. Panneerselvam.P et al. (2013) studied the impact of large-scale organic conversion and food production and food security in Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh. Amarnath J.S et al. (2013) [5] developed indicators for comparing sustainability in crop and diary production in Tamil Nadu. Vandana Tyagi et al. (2017) [8] discussed in detail the prospects and challenges of the green economy in India. Kalyani.V et al. (2018) [10] concentrated briefly on various issues and prospects for organic farming in Tamil Nadu. Krishnaprabu.S et al. (2019) [11] focused on the concept, application and prospects of organic farming in India. Jothi Sivagnanam.K et al. (2019) [12] dwelt on fertilizer consumption and soil health status in Tamil Nadu. Dr V. Bail Hans et al. (2019) studied the relationship between sustainable agriculture and economic growth, especially in state governments. Murugan.D et al. (2020) [13] studied the greening status of organic farming in wet and dry land in Nagapattinam and Erode District of Tamil Nadu under various crops. Hinz et al. (2020) concentrated on land consumption dynamics in Tamil Nadu under various scenarios. Amit Khurana et al. (2020) [15] studied the challenges and possibilities of organic and natural farming in India. Delabre et al. (2021) deliberated on how sustainable food production and consumption will impact the post 2020 global biodiversity framework.The State of Tamil Nadu is one of the agriculturally intensive states of India. This paper attempts to examine the data on consumption of inputs from a sample survey for evidence regarding the adaption of organic farming in the State.

scholarly journals A Review of Organic Farming for Sustainable Agriculture in Northern India

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Yadav ◽  
Subhash Babu ◽  
M. K. Yadav ◽  
Kalyan Singh ◽  
G. S. Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Organic Products

In the post independence period, the most important challenge in India has been to produce enough food for the growing population. Hence, high-yielding varieties are being used with infusion of irrigation water, fertilizers, or pesticides. This combination of high-yielding production technology has helped the country develop a food surplus as well as contributing to concerns of soil health, environmental pollution, pesticide toxicity, and sustainability of agricultural production. Scientists and policy planners are, therefore, reassessing agricultural practices which relied more on biological inputs rather than heavy usage of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Organic farming can provide quality food without adversely affecting the soil’s health and the environment; however, a concern is whether large-scale organic farming will produce enough food for India’s large population. Certified organic products including all varieties of food products including basmati rice, pulses, honey, tea, spices, coffee, oilseeds, fruits, cereals, herbal medicines, and their value-added products are produced in India. Non edible organic products include cotton, garments, cosmetics, functional food products, body care products, and similar products. The production of these organic crops and products is reviewed with regard to sustainable agriculture in northern India.

Organic Agriculture

2019 ◽  
pp. 275-293
Author(s):  
Mirela Stoian ◽  
Diana Caprita
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Food Markets ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Certified Organic

Promoting sustainability, including the production and consumption of food, is badly needed nowadays, given the fact that consumers are increasingly concerned about protecting their health, through a thorough verification of food quality. From this perspective, organic food may represent a viable solution for a healthier future. Currently, we are witnessing a substantial increase in the number of countries, organizations, and companies encouraging organic farming, an economic activity that involves environmentally friendly agricultural practices. The main objective of this chapter is to reveal the growing importance of organic farming to the food markets. This research will also focus on presenting a very detailed analysis of the defining elements of organic agriculture, such as the evolution of certified organic surfaces, both contributory and disfavoring factors of the developing organic agriculture, and last but not least, overall outlook for global consumption of certified organic products.

scholarly journals Contemporary Challenges to the Organic Farming: A Polish and Hungarian Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 8005
Author(s):  
Anna Mazurek-Kusiak ◽  
Bogusław Sawicki ◽  
Agata Kobyłka
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Organic Farms ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Certified Organic ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Chain Indices ◽  
High Degree

From year to year, there is an increasing demand for agricultural produce from certified organic farms. However, Poland and Hungary’s demand for this product is almost twenty times smaller than in Western European countries. The greater the demand by consumers for organic farming products, the more agricultural producers decide to switch from conventional farming to organic farming, and this farming is more environmentally friendly because it uses energy and natural resources responsibly, maintains biodiversity, maintains regional ecological balance, improves soil food, and maintains good water quality. This research aimed to compare the motives and barriers to running organic farms in Poland and Hungary, and the challenges farmers must face to undertake the trouble of running an organic farm. The research was carried out among 400 Polish and 400 Hungarian farmers running organic farms. For statistical calculations, discriminant analysis, as well as single-base and chain indices, were used. The main barriers for establishing organic farms: the necessity to adapt one’s farm to the EU requirements, using only natural fertilizers, low yields, the lack of proper advice, and a high degree of bureaucracy. Therefore, for organic farming to develop, further education is needed, both for farmers and consumers. An important aspect is improving the quality of the regulations and simplifying the administrative burden related to organic farming.

scholarly journals Environmental Taxation as a Policy Instrument for Green Growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 19(34) (3) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Maksym Klymenko
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Environmental Taxation ◽  
Environmental Taxes ◽  
Resource Utilisation ◽  
Green Growth ◽  
European Experience ◽  
Economic Instrument ◽  
The Eu

The article is devoted to environmental taxation as a tool for green growth and assistant to solve environmental issues of the world and Ukraine in particular. Nowadays, the world's economic growth goes side by side with environmental protection, and taxation aims to become an economic instrument to stop large-scale over-use of energy and consider effective resource utilisation, expand the share of organic farming and move towards “green” economy. The paper identifies the main groups of environmental taxes in the EU countries, analyses the European experience of the economic impact on the environment protection, examines possible ways of environmental taxation reforming in Ukraine, based on successful foreign experience.

scholarly journals Contributing and Influencing Factors on Organic Agriculture Practices by Farmers in Tamil Nadu, India- An Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 145-156
Author(s):  
Sivaraj Paramasivam ◽  
◽  
Philip Henry ◽  
Venkata Pirabu Jagadeesan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Prime Factor ◽  
Factor Loading ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Western Zone ◽  
Selection Of

The goal of this study is to find factors that influence the adoption of organic farming. The study’s objective necessitates the selection of an organic agricultural district. The study was conducted in Tamil Nadu’s western region on purpose with 180 farmers. The most effective elements found in the current study to determine the factors affecting the adoption of organic farming in Tamil Nadu are Organic farm perception potential (Prime factor) with Eigenvalue 3.854. Since, organic farming experience (X5), scientific approach (X12), animal ownership (X13), perceptions of organic manure utilization (X15), and perceptions of organic farming profitability (X16). With the highest factor loading of the above-mentioned factors of 0.689, 0.602, 0.206, 0.591, and 0.613, it has a stronger influence on the amount of adoption of organic farming practices in Tamil Nadu’s Western zone. As a result, farmers should be motivated and educated about the benefits of organic farming through extension and research institutes, not only to improve income but also to modify their behaviour and perceptions about new agricultural techniques.

scholarly journals ORGANIC POTENTIAL OF UKRAINE IN THE SYSTEM OF ORGANIC PRODUCTION OF EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Senyshyn ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Certified Organic ◽  
Eu Project

It is described in detail in the article the organic potential of European countries and Ukraine through the prism of specific indicators that characterize it. It is determined that the fullest organic potential of any state is revealed through a system of such indicators: land use in organic farming; number of producers of certified organic products; volumes of retail trade in organic products; volumes of exports and imports of organic products; cost of consumption of organic products per person; the largest importers of state organic products, etc. Based on the constructed complex diagram, which systematically characterizes the organic potential of European countries and, in particular, Ukraine through a set of its main indicators, it is proved that the most powerful European organic leaders in 2019 are: Austria, France, Germany, Italy and Spain. Collectively, the indicators that characterize their organic potential in 2019 reached, compared to other European countries, high leadership positions. According to statistics, it is determined that in 2019 Sweden for the first time after many years of importing organic grains became their exporter – 116 million euros. It is noted that Ukraine in the system of indicators characterizing its organic potential in 2019, among European countries is a pioneer, where the development of organic farming and organic food production is a strategic task of the state over the next few years. After all, the area of organic land in 2019 exceeded 460 thousand hectares, and the volume of exports of organic products in the same year reached the level of 272 million euros with only 470 state producers of certified organic products. It was also emphasized that in support of the development of organic potential, Ukraine is implementing international projects aimed at the development of organic production. For example, the project “German-Ukrainian cooperation in the field of organic farming”, the Swiss-Ukrainian program “Development of trade with higher added value in the organic and dairy sectors of Ukraine”, funded by the Swiss Confederation and implemented by the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture in partnership with SAFOSO AG, EU project “Support to the implementation of agricultural and food policy in Ukraine”.

scholarly journals Supporting Crop and Different Row Spacing as Factors Influencing Weed Infestation in Lentil Crop and Seed Yield under Organic Farming Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kraska ◽  
Sylwia Andruszczak ◽  
Ewa Kwiecińska-Poppe ◽  
Mariola Staniak ◽  
Krzysztof Różyło ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Certified Organic ◽  
Naked Oats

A field study was conducted at the Certified Organic Farm in Poland over the period 2014–2016. This study evaluated weed infestation and seed yield of the lentil varieties ‘Tina’ and ‘Anita’, as well as of a mixture of these two varieties, sole cropped and row intercropped with naked oats as a supporting crop. Additionally, lentil was sown at a different row spacing of 20 and 25 cm. The lentil variety ‘Anita’ produced 25.3% higher yields than var. ‘Tina’. Weight of 1000 seed, number of pods per plant, and first pod height did not differ significantly in the treatments with the lentil varieties. The lentil seed yield obtained in the treatments with a supporting crop was lower by 9.4% compared with the sole cropped plots. In turn, the 1000 seed weight was 3.9% higher in the treatment where a supporting crop was used. The presence of oats as a supporting crop in lentil crop allowed crop competitiveness against weeds to be increased significantly, thus reducing their total number and dry weight by 5.3% and 30.5%, respectively. Sowing lentil at different row spacings did not have a significant effect on seed yield and weed infestation in crop. The greatest diversity of weed species was found in the treatments where the mixture of the lentil varieties was sown and in the treatment with the smaller row spacing. Intercropping of lentil with oats resulted in reduced occurrence of monocotyledonous weeds such as Echinochloa crus-galli and Elymus repens. The presence of oat as a supporting crop can effectively reduce the pressure from weeds without significantly reducing lentil cultivar yield in organic farming.

scholarly journals Bimbingan Teknis Pertanian Organik sebagai Penerapan Teknologi Budidaya Ramah Lingkungan kepada Perkumpulan Kelompok Tani Gapsera Sejahtera Mandiri

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-265
Author(s):  
Dulbari Dulbari ◽  
Yuriansyah Yuriansyah ◽  
Hery Sutrisno ◽  
Arief Maksum ◽  
Destieka Ahyuni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Environmental Friendly

Organic agriculture was a cultivation system that applies the concept of sustainable agriculture. Organic farming systems depend on natural ingredients without using synthetic chemicals. Organic cultivation was environmentally friendly by farming activities by continuing to minimize negative impacts on the surrounding environment. This activity aims to provide knowledge and skills on the concept of sustainable agriculture, which is carried out through the application of an organic farming system at Polinela Organic Farm. Technical guidance activities are carried out at the Polinela Organic Farm, Lampung State Polytechnic, on Tuesday, March 10, 2020. Participants were the Association of ‘Sejahtera Mandiri’ Farmers Groups Rejo Asri Village, Seputuh Raman, Central Lampung. The application of environmental friendly in agricultural aspects was reflected in the management of the concept of organic agriculture carried out by Polinela Organic Farm. The concept of environmental friendly in agricultural development was implemented by taking into various aspects, such as the use of inorganic fertilizers with high efficiency, the application of pest and disease control by notice the natural ecological balance, the application of integrated crop management, the application of a clean and healthy farming system, the maintenance and strengthening of physical fertility, chemical, and biological in nature and the use of effective technology based on local wisdom.

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