scholarly journals Factors Associated with Tobacco Smoking in HIV Infected Persons, Brazil: A Cross Sectional Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Sorensen ◽  
Natalia Maria Vieira Pereira-Caldeira ◽  
Julianna Boyle ◽  
Lilian Andreia Fleck-Reinato ◽  
Elucir Gir
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Secondhand Smoke Exposure ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Education Level

Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to assess differences in factors between smoking status of Brazilians living with HIV, as well as assess whether secondhand smoke exposure or sexual orientation was associated with smoking status. Methods: Over 200 HIV infected individuals were convenience sampled. Permission was granted by the Universidade de São Paulo, and trained HIV care nurses conducted the interviews. Results: Two-hundred and five participants were interviewed of whom 39% currently smoked tobacco. Sexual orientation did not associate with smoking categories, but secondhand smoke exposure did. In the ever-smoking model lower education level was more likely to induce smoking behavior and women were 70% more likely to have smoked. In the current-smoking model, attitudes were significant, and women were 75% more likely to be currently smoking. Conclusion: Smoking prevalence is high in HIV-infected persons in Brazil. Comprehensive attention is needed to help individuals successfully quit, including emphasis on secondhand smoking risk awareness and offering coping strategies to prevail over stigma and stress, especially for women.

Childhood Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Risk of Dementia, Alzheimer’s Disease and Stroke in Adulthood: A Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
S. Zhou ◽  
K. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Secondhand Smoke Exposure ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Background: This study aimed to investigate the associations between secondhand smoke exposure and dementia, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and stroke. Methods: This prospective study analyzed Framingham Offspring (FHS-OS) cohort participants with parents in the original Framingham Heart Study (FHS) cohort with known smoking status during offspring childhood. Surveillance for incident events, including dementia and stroke, among offspring participants exposed to parental smoking up to the age of 18 years commenced at examination 9 through 2014 and continued for approximately 30 years. Results: At baseline, a total of 1683 (56.2%) subjects were not exposed to any secondhand smoke, whereas 670 (22.4%) subjects were exposed to 0-1 packs (20 cigarettes)/day, and 640 (21.4%) were exposed to over 1 pack/day. On follow-up (median: 31 years), 2993 patients developed dementia, including 103 with AD dementia and 315 with stroke. After adjusting for a wide range of established risk factors, participants with the highest exposure to secondhand smoke exhibited increased risks of all dementia, AD dementia and stroke compared with individuals with no exposure [HR 2.86 (2.00-4.09) for dementia; HR 3.13 (1.80-5.42) for AD dementia; HR 1.89 (1.37-2.61) for stroke]. The results remained comparable in the subgroup for individuals with median exposure to secondhand smoke. Conclusion: Exposure to secondhand smoke may be associated with increased risks of dementia, AD dementia and stroke.

Secondhand smoke exposure in indoor and outdoor locations in airports across Europe and the US: A cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanjie Pang* ◽  
Frances Stillman ◽  
Andrea Soong ◽  
Laura Zheng ◽  
Esther Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Secondhand Smoke Exposure ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Us ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

scholarly journals Secondhand Smoke Exposure, Diabetes, Elevated Glucose Level Are Risk Factors for Uterine Cervical Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study From the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2018)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Young Kim ◽  
Dae Woo Lee ◽  
Min Jeong Kim ◽  
Jae Eun Shin ◽  
Yeun Joo Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Secondhand Smoke Exposure ◽  
Work Schedule ◽  
Fasting Glucose Level ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Human papilloma virus infection and tobacco smoking are the major risk factors for cervical cancer. There are limited studies searching other risk factors for cervical cancer and the results are not consistent. This study investigated the relations between cervical cancer and possible risk factors, including secondhand cigarette smoke exposure, diabetes, work schedule. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 29,557 women completed a cervical cancer questionnaire and were selected using 2010–2018 data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Details in secondhand smoke exposure, diabetes, work schedule were assessed from participants’ health interviews and blood test results were used for fasting glucose level and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level.Results: Two hundred sixty-two women (0.89%) in the sample were diagnosed with cervical cancer. Domestic secondhand smoke exposure, diabetes, high fasting glucose level, and high HbA1c significantly increased cervical cancer risk. The respective odd ratios and 95% confidence intervals were: 1.488 (1.002–2.207), 2.369 (1.713–3.274), 1.008 (1.005–1.009), and 1.304 (1.193–1.425). Weekly work hours and work schedule were not significantly related to cervical cancer incidence.Conclusion: Among Korean women, passive exposure to cigarette smoke at home, diabetes, elevated fasting glucose level, and high HbA1c level all increase risk for cervical cancer.

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