Feasibility Study of Using Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles to Deliver COVID-19 Vaccines in Geographically Inaccessible Areas of Nepal

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.21203/rs.3.rs-957476/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pawan Thapa

Keyword(s):

Feasibility Study ◽

Vulnerable Groups ◽

Temperature Sensitive ◽

Related Field ◽

Frontline Workers ◽

Remote Areas ◽

The Road ◽

Human Contact ◽

Aerial Vehicles ◽

Vaccine Carrier

Abstract Background: The infectious diseases vaccine program started in Nepal. Transportation facilities using uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) will support the COVID 19 vaccine; therefore, remote areas where accessibility is unavailable and takes enormous time to reach the primary health center. However, it can distribute vaccines at standard times with required temperature-sensitive. Moreover, eliminating human contact reduces logistics cost, time, and chances of virus carriers to the frontline workers while delivering vaccines. Methods: This feasibility study provides one of the possible ways of transporting vaccines using UAVs to the remote areas of Nepal; one approach will be using a customize prototype of drones and deploying it. The following will to studying the research articles on this field for proper guidance to conduct a study. The drone with a vaccine carrier takes the vaccine from Simikot Airport to the Local 18 Mission hospital about a 400-meter journey time of about 11-15 minutes. Results: The results show that drones can supply medical kits to health centers to reduce delivery time. It has been practicing that literature review on this related field states UAVs' possible implication in transporting vaccines. It reduces the time to deliver by 11-15 minutes with a vaccine carrier box (10-12 kg) that maintains a low temperature for 3-7 days. Furthermore, it minimizes the potential risk of not providing vaccines due to the unavailability of the road in remote areas. Conclusion: This alternative can support the delivery of vaccines for vulnerable groups deprived of health care. One of the significant ways to deliver the vaccine can be using a drone for remote areas with limited health facilities. In addition, it can support government plans to vaccine people incorporation with emerging technologies.

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Potential Use of UAVs in COVID19 Vaccination: A Case Study of Nepal

10.21203/rs.3.rs-568371/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pawan Thapa

Keyword(s):

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽

Health Centre ◽

Primary Health Centre ◽

Vulnerable Groups ◽

Health Post ◽

Related Field ◽

Remote Areas ◽

Primary Health ◽

Potential Use

Abstract Background: The infectious diseases vaccine program started in Nepal. Transportation facilities using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) will support the COVID 19 vaccine for remote areas where accessibility is unavailable and takes enormous time to reach the primary health centre. Methods: This case study provides one of the possible ways of transporting vaccines using UAVs to the remote areas of Nepal from two approaches; one approach will be by developing a customized prototype of UAVs and deploying it. The next will be studying the research articles on this particular field and implement them in this study. Results: The results show that drones can supply the medical kit to the primary health post to reduce cost, time, and life. It has been practicing that literature review on this related field states UAVs' possible implication in handling pandemics. Conclusion: This alternative can help to vaccine vulnerable groups deprived of health care. One of the significant steps to providing the vaccine for epidemic control in remote areas. It can support government plans to vaccine people incorporation with emerging technologies.

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A Possible Smart Metering System Evolution for Rural and Remote Areas Employing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Internet of Things in Smart Grids

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21051627 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 1627

Author(s):

Giovanni Battista Gaggero ◽

Mario Marchese ◽

Aya Moheddine ◽

Fabio Patrone

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Internet Of Things ◽

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽

Smart Metering ◽

Rural And Remote ◽

Electrical Grid ◽

Remote Areas ◽

Aerial Vehicles ◽

Consumption Data ◽

Rural And Remote Areas

The way of generating and distributing energy throughout the electrical grid to all users is evolving. The concept of Smart Grid (SG) took place to enhance the management of the electrical grid infrastructure and its functionalities from the traditional system to an improved one. To measure the energy consumption of the users is one of these functionalities that, in some countries, has already evolved from a periodical manual consumption reading to a more frequent and automatic one, leading to the concept of Smart Metering (SM). Technology improvement could be applied to the SM systems to allow, on one hand, a more efficient way to collect the energy consumption data of each user, and, on the other hand, a better distribution of the available energy through the infrastructure. Widespread communication solutions based on existing telecommunication infrastructures instead of using ad-hoc ones can be exploited for this purpose. In this paper, we recall the basic elements and the evolution of the SM network architecture focusing on how it could further improve in the near future. We report the main technologies and protocols which can be exploited for the data exchange throughout the infrastructure and the pros and cons of each solution. Finally, we propose an innovative solution as a possible evolution of the SM system. This solution is based on a set of Internet of Things (IoT) communication technologies called Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) which could be employed to improve the performance of the currently used technologies and provide additional functionalities. We also propose the employment of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to periodically collect energy consumption data, with evident advantages especially if employed in rural and remote areas. We show some preliminary performance results which allow assessing the feasibility of the proposed approach.

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Bataan-Cavite Interlink Bridge, Philippines – a new 32 km sea crossing

IABSE Congress, Christchurch 2021: Resilient technologies for sustainable infrastructure ◽

10.2749/christchurch.2021.0029 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sammy Yip ◽

Steve Kite ◽

Paresh Vishnoi ◽

Vikas Venkatesha

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Feasibility Study ◽

The Philippines ◽

Preliminary Design ◽

The Road ◽

Metro Manila ◽

To Come ◽

Optimum Solution

<p>Bataan-Cavite Interlink Bridge (BCIB) in the Philippines is a proposed 32km sea-crossing which will connect Bataan to Cavite, to unlock opportunity for economic growth and expansion outside Metro Manila. A Feasibility Study was carried out to plan the road link, which would involve two major navigation bridges, long marine viaducts, and interchange connections. This paper outlines the Feasibility Study and the preliminary design of the crossing, and highlights how the bridge options were assessed in order to come up with an optimum solution.</p>

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Feasibility Study of PVC Pipes as Vertical Axis Wind Turbines Type Savonius Bucket for Remote Areas Application

International Journal on Energy Conversion (IRECON) ◽

10.15866/irecon.v9i2.19270 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 41

Author(s):

Dendy Adanta ◽

Kaprawi Sahim ◽

Amrifan Saladin Mohruni

Keyword(s):

Feasibility Study ◽

Wind Turbines ◽

Vertical Axis ◽

Remote Areas ◽

Vertical Axis Wind Turbines

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Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles to Deliver Medical and Emergency Supplies to Remote Areas

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Civilian Logistics and Supply Chain Management - Advances in Logistics, Operations, and Management Science ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-7900-7.ch006 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 137-168 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Isaac Levi Henderson ◽

Savern L. Reweti ◽

Robyn Kamira

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽

Real World ◽

Regulatory Framework ◽

Unmanned Aircraft ◽

Community Impact ◽

The Real ◽

Remote Areas ◽

Aerial Vehicles

This chapter examines the role of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the delivery of medical and emergency supplies to remote areas. It outlines a number of potential considerations for operators wishing to use UAVs to deliver medical and emergency supplies to remote areas. These considerations address a number of practicalities in terms of the organisation that is wishing to conduct such operations, the operations themselves, and the technology that is used for such operations. These considerations primarily stem from the nature of the international regulatory framework for unmanned aircraft operations and the peculiarities of using a UAV to deliver medical and emergency supplies. The chapter will outline some of the practicalities that have been worked through or are being worked through during a project to deliver medical and emergency supplies in Northland, New Zealand. This will provide readers with examples of some of the real-world considerations that operators face as well as outline the positive community impact that such operations can provide.

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An Improved Indicator System for Evaluating the Progress of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Sub-Target 9.1 in County Level

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11174783 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (17) ◽

pp. 4783 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jiacheng Xu ◽

Jianjun Bai ◽

Jun Chen

Keyword(s):

Indicator System ◽

Transportation Infrastructure ◽

Vulnerable Groups ◽

County Level ◽

Road Density ◽

The Road ◽

Urban Rural ◽

Development Goals ◽

Rural Access ◽

The Relationship

In order to assess the progress of the SDG sub-target 9.1 at the county level, the SDG indicator 9.1.1 (rural access index) and 9.1.2 (passenger and freight volumes) were implemented in Deqing County, China to explore the fitness-for-purpose of these indicators for county level evaluations. It is found that the country-oriented indicator system has some localization problems and cannot fully reflect the connotation of the SDG sub-target 9.1 when used in the county level. An improved indicator system was built by modifying the SDG indicator 9.1.1 and adding three more indicators (namely the road density, accessibility, and total postal business). The analysis of the calculation process and results showed that the improved indicator system can solve the problems arising from the original SDG indicator when applied in the county level. The modified resident access index can eliminate the dependence of the original indicator 9.1.1 calculations on urban-rural boundary data, and takes into account the urban vulnerable groups such as urban villages residents. While the road density and accessibility can be used to measure the quantity, quality, and connectivity of the road and the reality of the residents to obtain the road, which enables the indicators to reflect the necessary details of the level of the transportation infrastructure construction. The total postal business can help the SDG indicator 9.1.2 reflect the relationship between the transportation infrastructure construction and the development of the economic and people’s livelihood.

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