scholarly journals Effects of Risk Factors for Pregnancy Outcomes of Subsequent Pregnancy Associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study in China.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijiao Xu ◽  
Xia Xu ◽  
Yanni Guo ◽  
Jie Liang ◽  
Jianying Yan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Lipid Levels

Abstract BackgroundSince the implementation of the three‑child policy in China, the number of high-risk pregnant women has increased, causing serious challenges to health care during pregnancy. In this article, we aimed to investigate the impact of several risk factors for maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and recurrent GDM to formulate a management strategy to minimize the effect of risk factors for gestational diabetes. ResultsPre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain affect maternal and child outcomes in the first and second onset of GDM. Pregnancy interval and fasting blood glucose in early pregnancy influence maternal and child outcomes of recurrent GDM. Maternal lipid levels during early pregnancy have a marked influence on neonatal outcomes in recurrent GDM.ConclusionsOn the basis of this result, weight management should be closely monitored before and during pregnancy. For planning of the second pregnancy with a previous history of GDM, a reasonable time between pregnancies is ideal. Moreover, in the next pregnancy, control of fasting blood glucose and lipid levels during the first trimester is necessary to improve both maternal and child outcomes.

scholarly journals ОLD VERSUS NEW RUSSIAN CRITERIA FOR GESTATIONAL DIABETES

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-373
Author(s):  
P. V. Popova ◽  
A. V. Dronova ◽  
E. R. Sadikova ◽  
M. P. Parkkinen ◽  
M. V. Bolshakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Prenatal Visit ◽  
Iadpsg Criteria ◽  
New Criteria

Objective. To compare the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), risk factors of its development when using the old (WHO, 1999) and the new Russian criteria (2012) and to assess the correspondence between fasting glycaemia and 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), under the new criteria.Design and methods. A total of 354 pregnant women were screened for gestational diabetes mellitus by OGTT between weeks 24 and 28 of gestation. Fasting blood glucose at irst prenatal visit was obtained from the medical records. GDM for therapy initiation was diagnosed according to WHO criteria. GDM was also retrospectively deined according to the new IADPSG-criteria (fasting plasma glucose >5,1 and < 7,0 mmol/l at the irst prenatal visit or by OGTT fasting glucose >5,1 and/or ? 10,0 mmol/l after 1 hour and/or ? 8,5 mmol/l after 2 hours at 24–32 gestation week). Results. GDM was detected in 25,1 % according to the old criteria and in 26,8 % women under the new criteria by OGTT. Fasting glucose at the irst prenatal visit between 5,1 mmol/l and 7,0 mmol/l (that is, GDM under the new criteria) was deined in 92 (28,1 %) of 327 women with known fasting blood glucose level. Only in 34 (37 %) of 92 women with fasting glycemia > 5,1 mmol/l at the irst prenatal visit the results of OGTT met the criteria for GDM (IADPSG) at 24–28 weeks gestation. Total incidence of GDM according to the new criteria (at the irst prenatal visit and after 24 weeks of pregnancy) was 43,4 %. Conclusions. Application of the new Russian criteria leads to a signiicant increase in the frequency of GDM, mainly due to the fasting glucose level at the irst prenatal visit. In women with GDM, diagnosed according to the IADPSG-criteria (but not WHO), such risk factors of GDM as heredity for diabetes mellitus and hypertension before pregnancy were more often identiied compared with women without GDM.

scholarly journals GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 462-468
Author(s):  
M. IKRAM ◽  
SYED HAIDER HASAN ALAM ◽  
SHAFQAT MUKHTAR ◽  
M. Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus is common disorder in pregnancy. It is associated with adverse pregnancy outcome. There is no consensus regarding the optimal approach to screening of gestational diabetes mellitus. The present study has tried toobserve the value of fasting blood glucose in screening of gestational diabetes. Objective: To determine the frequency of patients in whomfasting blood glucose and 100gm glucose tolerance show agreement for screening of gestational diabetes mellitus at 24 -28 wks. Studydesign: Comparative cross sectional study. Settings: The study was conducted at Gynecology and Obstetrics department Shaikh ZayedFederal Post Graduate Institute Lahore. Duration of study with dates: 6 months from 12Nov 2010 to 11 May 2011. Material and method: Thestudy included 135 booked patients with positive family history of diabetes mellitus. All patients underwent fasting blood glucose at 24-28 weeksof gestation, regardless of results of fasting blood glucose on next visit they underwent 100g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The agreementbetween fasting blood glucose and 100g oral glucose tolerance test was calculated in frequency and percentages. Results: The mean age ofwomen in studied population was 27.15±3.70.Out of 135 patients 86.7 %( 117) showed agreement between results of fasting blood glucose and100g OGTT while 13.31 %( 18) showed no agreement between both of the tests. Conclusions: Fasting blood glucose is a good screeningoption for gestational diabetes mellitus along with positive history. It provides a simple, cheap and more practical test for screening of gestationaldiabetes mellitus. However diagnostic confirmation with 100g OGTT should be done.

scholarly journals Expression of IRS1 Gene in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, in The Third Trimester

2021 ◽  
pp. 787-792
Author(s):  
Zainab k. Hussain ◽  
Jabbar H. Yenzeel ◽  
Hayfa H. Hassani
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
And Control

To study the genetic effect of gestational diabetes mellitus by study IRS1gene expression in female with Gestational diabetes mellitus. It is characterized high level of blood glucose, especially during first trimester then increased during the 2nd and 3rd trimester of the pregnancy period. The blood samples taken from one hundred twenty healthy women and female with gestational diabetes mellitus in 3rd trimester period of pregnancy, level of fasting blood glucose (FBG) also HbA1c% measured to diagnose GDM, in addition to lipid profile (cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, and VLDL), molecular study consist of RNA extraction and qRT- PCR for IRS1gene expression determination. The fasting blood glucose mg/dl and HbA1c% level was increased highly significantly (P<0.01) between patients and control (healthy women) in 3rd trimester stage in addition lipid profile included )serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, LDL and VLDL( (mg/dl) but level of HDL (mg/dl) was decreased highly significantly (P<0.01) between patients and control. The result showed high significant of IRS1 expression gene in control (1.00 ± 0.00) while in patients (0.147 ± 0.02). The low expression of IRS1 gene was connected with gestational diabetes mellitus comparison in control (healthy women) in Iraqi female in third trimester of pregnancy

scholarly journals Spontaneous Abortions and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus- A Study from Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Aasia Kanwal ◽  
Asma Salam ◽  
Aisha Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Spontaneous Abortions ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus leads to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Objectives: The objective of the study was to explore the relationship of spontaneous abortions with gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant women from rural and urban Lahore. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at University of Health Sciences, Lahore in 2019. Among 60 pregnant women sampled, 30 had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 30 were normal pregnant controls. Pregnant women were sampled from different hospitals of rural and urban areas of Lahore. Independent sample t-test was applied for analyzing the data. Chi- square test was used to analyze the categorical variables. Association of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and abortions was checked. Odd ratio and relative risk were calculated. Results: Mean fasting blood sugar levels were significantly higher in GDM group (105 mg/dL) as compared to non-GDM group (80.50 mg/dL) at p<0.001. The proportions of the women with increased number of abortions had significantly higher blood glucose levels (OR 5.091, 95% CI, RR 1.27). Conclusions: Gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of spontaneous abortions.

scholarly journals Accuracy of glycosuria, random blood glucose and risk factors as selective screening tools for gestational diabetes mellitus in comparison with universal diagnosing

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faith Agbozo ◽  
Abdulai Abubakari ◽  
Clement Narh ◽  
Albrecht Jahn
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Universal Screening ◽  
Selective Screening ◽  
Random Blood Glucose

ObjectiveDespite the short-term and long-term health implications of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), opinions are divided on selective vis-à-vis universal screening. We validated the accuracy of screening tests for GDM.Research design and methodsPregnant women (n=491) were recruited to this prospective, blind comparison with a gold standard study. We did selective screening between 13 and 20 weeks using reagent-strip glycosuria, random capillary blood glucose (RBG) and the presence of ≥1 risk factor(s). Between 20 and 34 weeks, we did universal screening following the ‘one-step’ approach using glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting venous plasma glucose (FPG), and the 1-hour and the ‘gold standard’ 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Tests accuracy was estimated following the WHO and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) diagnostic criteria. Overall test performance was determined from the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsGDM prevalence per 2-hour OGTT was 9.0% for the WHO criteria and 14.3% for the NICE criteria. Selective screening using glycosuria, RBG and risk factors missed 97.4%, 87.2% and 45.7% of cases, respectively. FPG threshold ≥5.1 mmol/L had the highest clinically relevant sensitivity (68%) and specificity (81%), but FPG threshold ≥5.6 mmol/L had higher positive predictive value. Although sensitivity of 1-hour OGTT was 39.5%, it had the highest accuracy and diagnostic OR. Regarding test performance, 1-hour OGTT and FPG were very good (AUC>0.8), RBG was poor (AUC≈0.60), whereas HbA1c was invaluable (AUC<0.5).ConclusionsSelective screening using glycosuria and random blood glucose is unnecessary due to its low sensitivity. Fasting glucose ≥5.1 mmol/L could be applicable for screening at the population level. Where 2-hour OGTT is not available, FPG ≥5.6 mmol/L, complemented by the presence of risk factors, could be useful in making therapeutic decision.

scholarly journals Association of WISP1/CCN4 with Risk of Overweight and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Pregnant Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Lei Liu ◽  
Jiajin Hu ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
Ningning Wang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Complement C1q

Background. Obese women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have a higher risk of adverse outcomes than women with obesity or GDM alone. Our study is aimed at investigating the discriminatory power of circulatory Wnt1-inducible signaling pathway protein-1 (WISP1), a novel adipocytokine, on the copresence of prepregnancy overweight/obesity and GDM and at clarifying the relationship between the WISP1 level and clinical cardiometabolic parameters. Methods. A total of 313 participants were screened from a multicenter prospective prebirth cohort: Born in Shenyang Cohort Study (BISCS). Subjects were examined with a 2×2 factorial design for body mass index BMI≥24 and GDM. Between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy, follow-up individuals underwent an OGTT and blood sampling for cardiometabolic characterization. Results. We observed that the WISP1 levels were elevated in prepregnancy overweight/obesity patients with GDM, compared with nonoverweight subjects with normal blood glucose (3.45±0.89 vs. 2.91±0.75 ng/mL). Multilogistic regression analyses after adjustments for potential confounding factors revealed that WISP1 was a strong and independent risk factor for prepregnancy overweight/obesity with GDM (all ORs>1). In addition, the results of the ROC analysis indicated that WISP1 exhibited the capability to identify individuals with prepregnancy overweight/obesity and GDM (all AUC>0.5). Finally, univariate and multivariate linear regression showed that WISP1 level was positively and independently correlated with fasting blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, and aspartate aminotransferase and was negatively correlated with HDL-C and complement C1q. Conclusions. WISP1 may be critical for the prediction, diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies against obesity and GDM in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Lactobacillus bulgaricus improves antioxidant capacity of black garlic in the prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus: a randomized control trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihui Si ◽  
Ruixin Lin ◽  
Yan Jia ◽  
Wenwen Jian ◽  
Qing Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

AbstractObjectives: Lactobacillus bulgaricus may improve antioxidant capacity of black garlic in the prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods: Black garlic was prepared with or without L. bulgaricus. Volatile and polysaccharides were analyzed by using LC-MS, Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The study design was parallel randomized controlled trial and 226 GDM patients were randomly assigned into BG (black garlic and L. bulgaricus) and CG (black garlic) groups, and allocation ratio was 1:1. The treatment duration was 40 weeks. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and 1- and 2-h blood glucose (1hBG and 2hBG) after oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were detected. Antioxidant function of black garlic was determined by measuring plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in GDM patients. The comparison between two groups was made using two independent samples t test.Results: The intake of nutrients was similar between two groups (P>0.05). L. bulgaricus promoted the transformation of the glucopyranoside to glucofuranoside. L. bulgaricus increased the abilities of black garlic for scavenging hydroxyl radicals, 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzenthiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid (ABTS) and DPPH free radicals. L. bulgaricus reduced the levels of FBG, 1hBG and 2hBG, and incidence of perinatal complications (P<0.01). Plasma MDA level in the BG group was lower than in the CG group, whereas the levels of SOD, GSH-PX and T-AOC in the BG group were higher than in the CG group (P<0.01).Conclusions: L. bulgaricus improves antioxidant capacity of black garlic in the prevention of GDM.

scholarly journals How does antenatal lifestyle affect the risk for gestational diabetes mellitus? A secondary cohort analysis from the GeliS trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Günther ◽  
Julia Hoffmann ◽  
Lynne Stecher ◽  
Monika Spies ◽  
Kristina Geyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Oral Glucose

Abstract Objectives We aimed to investigate the predictive potential of early pregnancy factors such as lifestyle, gestational weight gain (GWG) and mental well-being on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) beyond established risk factors. Methods GDM risk was investigated in the cohort of the German ‘Gesund leben in der Schwangerschaft’/healthy living in pregnancy study. Women were recruited up to the 12th week of gestation. GDM was diagnosed with a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test between the 24th and 28th weeks of gestation. Pre-pregnancy age and weight, mental health and lifestyle were assessed via questionnaires. Maternal weight was measured throughout pregnancy. Early excessive GWG was defined based on the guidelines of the Institute of Medicine. The association between several factors and the odds of developing GDM was assessed using multiple logistic regression analyses. Results Of 1694 included women, 10.8% developed GDM. The odds increased with pre-pregnancy BMI and age (women with obesity: 4.91, CI 3.35–7.19, p < 0.001; women aged 36–43 years: 2.84, CI 1.45–5.56, p = 0.002). Early excessive GWG, mental health and general lifestyle ratings were no significant risk factors. A 31% reduction in the odds of GDM was observed when <30% of energy was consumed from fat (OR 0.69, CI 0.49–0.96, p = 0.026). Vigorous physical activity tended to lower the odds without evidence of statistical significance (OR 0.59 per 10 MET-h/week, p = 0.076). Conclusions Maternal age and BMI stand out as the most important drivers of GDM. Early pregnancy factors like dietary fat content seem to be associated with GDM risk. Further evaluation is warranted before providing reliable recommendations.

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