scholarly journals High Frequency of CTNNB1 Mutation in Low Grade Fetal Adenocarcinoma of the Lung: Two Case Series and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Yanagawa ◽  
Noriyuki Uesugi ◽  
Masao Nishiya ◽  
Ryo Sugimoto ◽  
Mitsumasa Osakabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Of The Lung ◽  
Columnar Cells

Abstract Background Low-grade fetal adenocarcinoma of the lung (L-FLAC) is a rare pulmonary tumor resembling fetal lung histologically. Due to its rarity, there is limited information about L-FLAC pathogenesis and biological characteristics. Here, we describe two cases of L-FLAC treated at our hospital and summarize L-FLAC cases reported in the literature. Case presentation: We examined one woman and one man who were 30-years-old and 67-years-old, respectively. Histologically, tumor tissue from both cases had a complex glandular component with clear cuboidal and columnar cells that resembled histological features of fetal lung. In some areas, squamous morules were prominent. Immunohistochemically, nuclear/cytoplasmic expression of β-catenin was detected in both cases. Mutation analysis revealed a CTNNB1 mutation in both cases and a DICER1 mutation in 1 case. No mutations in EGFR, BRAF, KRAS, PIK3CA mutation were found. Conclusions L-FLAC showed a high frequency of CTNNB1 mutation and low frequency of EGFR, KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutation in our examined cases and in previous studies. This rare tumor has unique clinicopathological characteristics with specific genetic aberrations involving the Wnt pathway. These results provide a molecular basis for development of new therapies to treat these tumors.

scholarly journals A case report of ultrasonographic findings in bilateral diffuse Uveal melanocytic proliferation

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingli Guo ◽  
Wenyi Tang ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Min Zhou ◽  
Qing Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Ciliary Body ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Ultrasound Biomicroscopy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Exudative Retinal Detachment ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Choroidal Nevi

Abstract Background To report undescribed characteristics of patients with bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation (BDUMP) on ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and high-frequency B-scan ultrasonography. Case presentation Two of four participants presented with worsening bilateral vision after previously diagnosed primary pulmonary or ovarian carcinoma. The other two patients were diagnosed with lung carcinoma after presentation with BDUMP. All patients had ciliary body nevi-like lesion in combination with iris or ciliary body cysts, and uveal thickening on UBM. Focally elevated choroidal nevi-like lesion and exudative retinal detachment with choroidal thickening were detected with B-scan ultrasonography. Conclusions Our case series demonstrates the uveal characteristics of patients with BDUMP based on high-frequency B-scan ultrasonography and UBM. Ultrasonographic findings are crucial in the diagnosis of BDUMP because it is occult in nature.

scholarly journals High-Frequency Conductive Hearing following Total Drum Replacement Tympanoplasty

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (6) ◽  
pp. 914-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc D. Polanik ◽  
Danielle R. Trakimas ◽  
Nicole L. Black ◽  
Jeffrey T. Cheng ◽  
Elliott D. Kozin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Temporalis Fascia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hearing Outcomes ◽  
Conductive Hearing

Objectives Conventional reporting of posttympanoplasty hearing outcomes use a pure-tone averaged air-bone gap (ABG) largely representing a low-frequency sound conduction. Few studies report high-frequency conductive hearing outcomes. Herein, we evaluate high-frequency ABG in patients following temporalis fascia total drum replacement. Study Design Case series with chart review. Setting Tertiary care center. Subjects and Methods All patients who underwent type 1 tympanoplasty using a lateral graft total drum replacement technique between August 2016 and February 2019 were identified. Patients with pre- and postoperative audiograms were included. Low-frequency ABG was calculated as the mean ABG at 250, 500, and 1000 Hz. High-frequency ABG was calculated at 4 KHz. Pre- and postoperative ABGs were compared. Results Twenty-three patients were included, and the mean age at surgery was 44 years (range, 9-68 years). Perforation etiology was from trauma (n = 14) or chronic otitis media (n = 9). Preoperative mean low-frequency ABG was 27.8 ± 12.6 dB and mean high-frequency ABG was 21.5 ± 15.1 dB ( P = .044). Postoperatively, the mean low-frequency ABG was significantly reduced by 15.5 ± 13.3 dB ( P < .001) while the mean high-frequency ABG insignificantly changed (reduced by 2.6 ± 16.2 dB, P = .450). Conclusion In a series of patients undergoing temporalis fascia total drum replacement, low-frequency ABG improved; however, high-frequency conductive hearing loss persists. Conventional methods of reporting ABG may not identify persistent high-frequency ABG. These results merit further study across a range of tympanoplasty graft materials and surgical techniques.

scholarly journals Stim Salvage: Case Series Reporting on the Effectiveness of Spinal Cord Stimulation Salvage

Neurosurgery ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Paullus ◽  
Erika A Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Stimulation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Trial Outcomes ◽  
Frequency Stimulation ◽  
New System

Abstract INTRODUCTION Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been successfully used to treat chronic pain with improved levels of pain, decreased use of narcotic medications, and increased level of function. Nevertheless, for patients SCS benefit wares over time and maximal reprogramming may not achieve improvement. However, advancing technologies, such as burst and high-frequency modulation, offer stimulation which differs from the traditional low-frequency stimulation. For those with SCS already placed, these new technologies offer a possible avenue with which to salvage SCS loss of efficacy. In patients with the an ineffective system, a salvage trial with a new system can be performed. In these cases, their current generators are externalized and then, utilizing their current epidural array, the leads are connected to a new trial system. These patients return to the OR in about 1 wk time for either permanent implantation or removal of the remainder of their old system. The results of these salvage trials are presented. METHODS We reviewed serially treated patients with previously placed SCS who were taken to the operating room for a salvage trial. All patient had their SCS leads externalized and connected to a different system. Changes in VAS, functional status, the trial outcomes led to permanent placement were collected retrospectively. RESULTS Results of 15 patient who underwent SCS externalization trial between 2016 and 2019 are summarized. Trial failure rate, salvage SCS response rate, changes in VAS, and patient satisfaction with the new system are reviewed. Successful salvage was accomplished in 93%. CONCLUSION New stimulation paradigms such as burst and high frequency offer a new avenue of effective treatment for those with an ineffective SCS systems. When a patient's device is unable to deliver these paradigms, an IPG-externalization trial may be a low risk option for salvaging therapy.

scholarly journals THE USE OF TIME BASE LAG SEQUENTIAL ANALYSIS TO LOOK AT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENVIRONMENTAL EVENTS AND CHALLENGING BEHAVIOUR IN PEOPLE WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Whitaker ◽  
Tammi Walker ◽  
Carolyn McNally
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Time Base ◽  
Challenging Behaviour ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Lag Sequential Analysis ◽  
Environmental Events ◽  
The Relationship

Although low frequency challenging behaviour (that which occurs less than once a day) is common, very little research has been done into its analysis or treatment. It is suggested that the methods of analysing high frequency challenging behaviour, such as experimental functional analysis, will not be applicable with low frequency challenging behaviour. The use of correctional analysis of case records is considered as a method for generating hypotheses as to why a client is showing low frequency challenging behaviour. It is noted that using simple correlations is a method that can provide only limited information as to the relationship between a challenging behaviour and other events. A method that can reveal more about the temporal relationship between environmental events and challenging behaviour is time base lag sequential analysis. Three case studies are presented in which time base lag sequential analysis was used to analyse the relationship between challenging behaviour and possible causal factors.

scholarly journals A Case of Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma of Parotid Gland and Analysis of 33 Cases Reported in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Ji Won Kim ◽  
Min Soo Kim ◽  
Bo Sung Kim ◽  
Seong Dong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Myoepithelial Carcinoma ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Epithelial Myoepithelial Carcinoma

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is rare, low-grade malignant neoplasm that compromises approximately 1% of all salivary gland neoplasms. We reported a 68-year-old woman with epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma in the parotid gland. We analyzed demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of salivary gland epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma which has been reported in 33 cases in Korea from 1992 to 2017, and compared this result to overseas retrospective cohort studies. There was no significance in terms of mean age at diagnosis, the predominance of females, low frequency in regional lymph nodes, and distant metastasis between the two groups. However, T classification and AJCC stage at diagnosis in domestic cases are more advanced than those of overseas cases. Although the recurrence rate in domestic cases has been reported lower than that of overseas, further study may be needed considering that the follow-up period after treatment is short in domestic cases.

Simulations of high-resolution images of amorphous silicon films

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 544-545
Author(s):  
G. Y. Fan ◽  
J. M. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Fourier Transformation ◽  
Amorphous Materials ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Structure Information ◽  
Frequency Components ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Spatial Frequency Spectrum

It is well known that the structure information on the specimen is not always faithfully transferred through the electron microscope. Firstly, the spatial frequency spectrum is modulated by the transfer function (TF) at the focal plane. Secondly, the spectrum suffers high frequency cut-off by the aperture (or effectively damping terms such as chromatic aberration). While these do not have essential effect on imaging crystal periodicity as long as the low order Bragg spots are inside the aperture, although the contrast may be reversed, they may change the appearance of images of amorphous materials completely. Because the spectrum of amorphous materials is continuous, modulation of it emphasizes some components while weakening others. Especially the cut-off of high frequency components, which contribute to amorphous image just as strongly as low frequency components can have a fundamental effect. This can be illustrated through computer simulation. Imaging of a whitenoise object with an electron microscope without TF limitation gives Fig. 1a, which is obtained by Fourier transformation of a constant amplitude combined with random phases generated by computer.

SEM image sharpness analysis

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 142-143
Author(s):  
M. T. Postek ◽  
A. E. Vladar
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Primary Electron ◽  
Image Sharpness ◽  
Critical Dimensions ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Frequency Changes ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron

Fully automated or semi-automated scanning electron microscopes (SEM) are now commonly used in semiconductor production and other forms of manufacturing. The industry requires that an automated instrument must be routinely capable of 5 nm resolution (or better) at 1.0 kV accelerating voltage for the measurement of nominal 0.25-0.35 micrometer semiconductor critical dimensions. Testing and proving that the instrument is performing at this level on a day-by-day basis is an industry need and concern which has been the object of a study at NIST and the fundamentals and results are discussed in this paper.In scanning electron microscopy, two of the most important instrument parameters are the size and shape of the primary electron beam and any image taken in a scanning electron microscope is the result of the sample and electron probe interaction. The low frequency changes in the video signal, collected from the sample, contains information about the larger features and the high frequency changes carry information of finer details. The sharper the image, the larger the number of high frequency components making up that image. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis of an SEM image can be employed to provide qualitiative and ultimately quantitative information regarding the SEM image quality.

Real Ear Sound Pressure Levels Developed by Three Portable Stereo System Earphones

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail L. MacLean ◽  
Andrew Stuart ◽  
Robert Stenstrom
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Test System ◽  
Output Frequency ◽  
Frequency Effects ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Frequency Responses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sound Pressure Levels

Differences in real ear sound pressure levels (SPLs) with three portable stereo system (PSS) earphones (supraaural [Sony Model MDR-44], semiaural [Sony Model MDR-A15L], and insert [Sony Model MDR-E225]) were investigated. Twelve adult men served as subjects. Frequency response, high frequency average (HFA) output, peak output, peak output frequency, and overall RMS output for each PSS earphone were obtained with a probe tube microphone system (Fonix 6500 Hearing Aid Test System). Results indicated a significant difference in mean RMS outputs with nonsignificant differences in mean HFA outputs, peak outputs, and peak output frequencies among PSS earphones. Differences in mean overall RMS outputs were attributed to differences in low-frequency effects that were observed among the frequency responses of the three PSS earphones. It is suggested that one cannot assume equivalent real ear SPLs, with equivalent inputs, among different styles of PSS earphones.

Evaluation of Special Hearing Aids for Deaf Children

1971 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman P. Erber
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aids ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Acoustic Stimulation ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Frequency Limit ◽  
Unpublished Studies ◽  
Published Research

Two types of special hearing aid have been developed recently to improve the reception of speech by profoundly deaf children. In a different way, each special system provides greater low-frequency acoustic stimulation to deaf ears than does a conventional hearing aid. One of the devices extends the low-frequency limit of amplification; the other shifts high-frequency energy to a lower frequency range. In general, previous evaluations of these special hearing aids have obtained inconsistent or inconclusive results. This paper reviews most of the published research on the use of special hearing aids by deaf children, summarizes several unpublished studies, and suggests a set of guidelines for future evaluations of special and conventional amplification systems.

Efeitos do Método Pilates sobre a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca, flexibilidade e variáveis antropométricas em indivíduos sedentários

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Maria Lina Silva Leite
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do Método Pilates sobre a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca, na flexibilidade e nas variáveis antropométricas em indivíduos sedentários. O presente estudo contou com 14 voluntárias do sexo feminino, na faixa etária entre 40 e 55 anos, que realizaram 20 sessões de exercícios do Método Pilates, duas vezes por semana, com duração de 45 minutos cada sessão, dividida em três fases: repouso, exercício e recuperação. As variáveis estudadas foram: os dados antropométricos, flexibilidade avaliada utilizando o teste de sentar-e-alcançar com o Banco de Wells, e intervalos R-R usando um cardiotacômetro. O processamento dos sinais da frequência cardíaca foi efetuado em ambiente MatLab 6.1®, utilizando a TWC. Os dados coletados foram submetidos ao teste de normalidade de Shapiro Wilk e foi utilizado o teste de Wilcoxon e Anova One Way (α = 0,05). Nos resultados, observou-se que não houve diferenças significativas entre os valores antropométricos e de frequência cardíaca, porém houve aumento da flexibilidade com o treinamento. Comparando a primeira e a vigésima sessão com relação aos parâmetros low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), e relação LF/HF, não houve diferença na fase de repouso e foram constatadas diferenças significativas de LF (p = 0,04) e HF (p = 0,04) na fase de exercício e diferença significativa de LF/HF (p = 0,05) na fase de recuperação. Comparando os parâmetros nos períodos de repouso, exercícios e recuperação durante a primeira sessão e durante a vigésima sessão, não houve diferença significativa nos parâmetros LF, HF e LF/HF. Pode-se concluir que, em relação à flexibilidade, foi observada uma melhora significativa, enquanto a análise da frequência cardíaca caracterizou a intensidade do exercício de 50% da capacidade funcional das voluntárias. Em relação aos parâmetros LF, HF e LF/HF foram observados um aumento da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca, provavelmente produto da atividade do Método Pilates. A Transformada Wavelet (TWC) mostrou-se um Método adequado para as análises da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca.Palavras-chave: frequência cardíaca, Transformada Wavelet, Pilates.

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