Further Development of Improved Methods for Larger Scale Structural Synthesis.

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Pappas
Keyword(s):  
Structural Synthesis ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Improved Methods

Improved Methods for Large Scale Structural Synthesis

AIAA Journal ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1227-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pappas
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Structural Synthesis ◽  
Improved Methods

Assessment Of Thromboresistant Materials By 125I-Fibrinogen Scanning In Animals And Man

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
J L Lewis ◽  
J Sweeney ◽  
M J Houlihan ◽  
L Baldini ◽  
E W Salzman
Keyword(s):  
False Negative ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Artificial Organs ◽  
Gamma Activity ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Catheter Tip ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Improved Methods ◽  
Gamma Counter

Further development of artificial organs requires improved methods to evaluate potentially thromboresistant materials, for which there is at present no simple method in man. We now report that thrombi associated with intravenous cannulae can be detected using 125I-fibrinogen and a portable gamma counter. FEP/Teflon cannulae were inserted percutaneously in 9 dogs receiving EACA and 1 sheep, and four sites over each cannula and over a control vein were counted before and at 30 to 45 minute intervals for up to 6 hours after cannula insertion. Animals were heparinized before sacrifice. Results were confirmed by autopsy. Nine of ten thrombi related to 12 cannulae were detected by a significant rise in counts (p<0.05, 3 way ANOVA). There were no false positives; the single false negative was related to a filmy thrombus with low gamma activity when counted directly. The smallest thrombus detected weighed 1 mg, representing fibrin arising from 500 μl of blood.Thirty-nine patients were studied. Radioactivity.over an IV catheter introduced after administration of 125I- fibrinogen was compared with independent blinded clinical appraisal by a trained nurse. Significant progressive rise in radioactivity over the catheter tip or within 2 cm downstream developed in 13 of 14 forearms with 16 or 18 gage cannulae, all of whom subsequently developed rubor, tenderness, palpable thrombus, or plugging of the catheter. The rise in 125I counts preceded the clinical signs by 12 to 36 hours. 22 gage cannulae produced clinical signs of phlebitis in only 42% of cases but increased 1251 counts in 92%. Phlebograms were confirmatory. 125I-fibrinogen external counting is a simple, safe, and sensitive technique to detect thrombosis induced by intravenous cannulae in man and should be suitable for the comparison of potentially thromboresistant materials.

Application of TEM to Deformation, Wear, and Fracture of Ceramics

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 472-473
Author(s):  
B. J. Hockey
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Brittle Materials ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Corrosive Environments ◽  
Further Development

Ceramics, such as Al2O3 and SiC have numerous current and potential uses in applications where high temperature strength, hardness, and wear resistance are required often in corrosive environments. These materials are, however, highly anisotropic and brittle, so that their mechanical behavior is often unpredictable. The further development of these materials will require a better understanding of the basic mechanisms controlling deformation, wear, and fracture.The purpose of this talk is to describe applications of TEM to the study of the deformation, wear, and fracture of Al2O3. Similar studies are currently being conducted on SiC and the techniques involved should be applicable to a wide range of hard, brittle materials.

The stability of dislocation networks under various oxygen-doping conditions in superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oy single crystals and their influence on the flux pinning properties

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 802-803
Author(s):  
Y. Feng ◽  
X. Y. Cai ◽  
R. J. Kelley ◽  
D. C. Larbalestier
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Basal Plane ◽  
Flux Pinning ◽  
Pinning Centers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anomalous Peak ◽  
Basal Plane Dislocation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Further Development

The issue of strong flux pinning is crucial to the further development of high critical current density Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O (BSCCO) superconductors in conductor-like applications, yet the pinning mechanisms are still much debated. Anomalous peaks in the M-H (magnetization vs. magnetic field) loops are commonly observed in Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oy (Bi-2212) single crystals. Oxygen vacancies may be effective flux pinning centers in BSCCO, as has been found in YBCO. However, it has also been proposed that basal-plane dislocation networks also act as effective pinning centers. Yang et al. proposed that the characteristic scale of the basal-plane dislocation networksmay strongly depend on oxygen content and the anomalous peak in the M-H loop at ˜20-30K may be due tothe flux pinning of decoupled two-dimensional pancake vortices by the dislocation networks. In light of this, we have performed an insitu observation on the dislocation networks precisely at the same region before and after annealing in air, vacuumand oxygen, in order to verify whether the dislocation networks change with varying oxygen content Inall cases, we have not found any noticeable changes in dislocation structure, regardless of the drastic changes in Tc and the anomalous magnetization. Therefore, it does not appear that the anomalous peak in the M-H loops is controlled by the basal-plane dislocation networks.

Perceived Burden of Informal Caregivers of a Chronically Ill Older Family Member

GeroPsych ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmar Gräßel ◽  
Raffaela Adabbo
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Informal Caregiver ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Perceived Burden ◽  
Hypothetical Construct ◽  
Care Situation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development

The burden of caregivers has been intensively researched for the past 30 years and has resulted in a multitude of individual findings. This review illustrates the significance of the hypothetical construct of perceived burden for the further development and design of the homecare situation. Following explanations regarding the term informal caregiver, we derive the construct burden from its conceptual association with the transactional stress model of Lazarus and Folkman. Once the extent and characteristics of burden have been set forth, we then present the impact of perceived burden as the care situation. The question of predictors of burden will lead into the last section from which implications can be derived for homecare and relief of caregivers.

Cognitive Health Counseling 40+

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Eschen ◽  
Franzisca Zehnder ◽  
Mike Martin
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Pilot Phase ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Health Counseling ◽  
Agents Of Change ◽  
Main Outcome Variable ◽  
Further Development

This article introduces Cognitive Health Counseling 40+ (CH.CO40+), an individualized intervention that is conceptually based on the orchestration model of quality-of-life management ( Martin & Kliegel, 2010 ) and aims at improving satisfaction with cognitive health in adults aged 40 years and older. We describe the theoretically deduced characteristics of CH.CO40+, its target group, its multifactorial nature, its individualization, the application of subjective and objective measures, the role of participants as agents of change, and the rationale for choosing participants’ satisfaction with their cognitive health as main outcome variable. A pilot phase with 15 middle-aged and six older adults suggests that CH.CO40+ attracts, and may be particularly suitable for, subjective memory complainers. Implications of the pilot data for the further development of the intervention are discussed.

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