scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF CROP LOAD ON FRUIT DRY WEIGHT AND DRY WEIGHT CONTENT, SPECIFIC LEAF WEIGHT, AND LEAF CARBON EXCHANGE.

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 625c-625
Author(s):  
Ido Schechter ◽  
J.T.A. Proctor ◽  
D.C. Elfving
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Carbon Exchange ◽  
Specific Leaf Weight ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crop Load ◽  
Leaf Weight ◽  
Weight Content

Mature apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) were studied in the 1989 and 1990 seasons to explore the effect of differential crop load on fruit dry weight (DW), DW content, specific leaf weight, and leaf carbon exchange, using girdled and non-girdled limbs. Fruit DW and DW content decreased with heavier fruit loads, however, fruit on girdled limbs had higher fruit DW and DW content. Specific leaf weight did not differ in leaves on non-girdled limbs along the crop load gradient, but increased dramatically in leaves on girdled limbs with crop load lighter than one fruit per cm2 cross-sectional area. These leaves also had a low photosynthetic rate, high stomatal resistance, and high internal CO2 concentration. The results suggest a physiological limit for photoassimilate usage by the tree. Exceeding this limit by reducing sink strength resulted in excessive carbohydrate accumulation in leaves, causing physical damage to the photosystem.

scholarly journals Apple Fruit Removal and Limb Girdling Affect Fruit and Leaf Characteristics

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ido Schechter ◽  
J.T.A. Proctor ◽  
D.C. Elfving
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Inhibition ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Fruit Removal ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crop Load ◽  
Dry Matter Concentration ◽  
Mature Apple

Mature apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) were studied in 1989 and 1990 to explore the effect of crop load on fruit dry weight (DW), dry-matter concentration (DMC), specific leaf area (SLA), and leaf C exchange, using girdled (G) and nongirdled (NG) limbs. Fruit DW and DMC decreased with heavier fruit loads. Fruit on G limbs had higher fruit DW and DMC than on NG limbs. SLA on NG limbs was unaffected by crop load, but increased dramatically on G limbs with a crop load of less than one fruit per square centimeter limb cross-sectional area. These leaves also had a low photosynthetic rate, high stomatal resistance, and high internal CO2 concentration. The results do not support the concept of feedback inhibition of photosynthesis and demonstrate specific circumstances in which the capacity of sinks to use assimilates was saturated. Exceeding this limit by significantly reducing sink strength resulted in excessive carbohydrate accumulation in leaves. Nutrient levels in leaves on G, nonfruiting limbs were generally lower than for the other treatments.

Relationship between Crop Growth Parameters and Seed Yield in CMS Analogues in Sunflower

Helia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (62) ◽  
pp. 109-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikrant Tyagi ◽  
S. K. Dhillon
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Specific Leaf Weight ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Leaf Weight ◽  
Leaf Dry Weight

AbstractNine new cms analogues on the base of diversified cms sources were developed and evaluated for morphological, agronomic, physiological and biochemical traits, including the field resistance to the prevalent diseases of sunflower under Punjab conditions. As a result of this study, the most prospective cms analogues were designated for future use in hybrid breeding programme. The results revealed that selection for tall plants with large head size and high chlorophyll content may be associated with high grain yield as well as oil content and high oleic acid content in sunflower. Leaf dry weight, biological yield, harvest index, specific leaf weight and relative leaf water content had direct positive effect on grain yield. The harvest index, specific leaf weight/plant, leaf area index and leaf area had indirect effects (through leaf dry weight) on grain yield. These traits are advocated as selection criteria for grain yield improvement in sunflower.

Dry matter digestibility in vitro of leaf and stem of buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) and related species and its relation to plant morphology and anatomy

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 281 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Wilson ◽  
KL Anderson ◽  
JB Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽  
Specific Leaf Weight ◽  
Buffel Grass ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Leaf Weight

Twenty-one genotypes of buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris), and six other genotypes, viz. C. setigerus, C. Pennisetiforrnis and C. ciliaris x C. setigerus hybrids, were examined for dry matter digestibility in vitro (DMD) of recently expanded leaf and stem at anthesis. Differences in DMD were related to morphological and anatomical characteristics of the tissues.Leaf DMD ranged from 64.0 to 73.4%0 and stem DMD (internodes 2-4 from the top) from 47.4 to 61.7%; genotypes of high leaf DMD generally had high stem DMD (r= 0.68). Leaf DMD was negatively correlated with the proportion of thick-walled tissues in leaf cross-section (r= -0.76), leaf dry weight (r= 0.77 ) and specific leaf weight (r= -0.82). Stem DMD was inversely related to the proportion of lignified tissue in stem cross-section (r= -0.55), height of flowering stem (r= -0.51) and total number of vascular bundles in the stem section (r= -0.55). Genotypes with a high DMD tended to have lax leaves and small vegetative tillers.The main commercial cultivars of buffel, viz. American, Biloela and Gayndah, were 4-6% units (leaf) and 2.5-7% units (stem) lower in DMD than the best genotype, indicating potential for improvement of digestibility. Specific leaf weight and numbers of vascular bundles in stem cross-section, which arc easily and quickly measured and have a heritability comparable to that for DMD, could be useful criteria for preliminary assessment of a large breeding population.

scholarly journals POINSETTIA GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN RESPONSE TO DAY-NIGHT TEMPERATURE REGIME AND UNICONAZOLE.

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1074c-1074
Author(s):  
Richard J. McAvoy
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Canopy ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Specific Leaf Weight ◽  
Leaf Weight ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Potting Medium ◽  
Total Plant

Poinsettias, Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. cvs Lilo and Diva Starlight, were exposed to either warm day-cool night or cool day-warm night greenhouse temperature regimes. Day time temperatures were imposed between 900 to 1600 HR. Within each temperature regime, poinsettias were grown single stem or pinched and drenched with either 0.04 or 0.08 mg a.i. uniconazole per 1.6 1 pot or grown as untreated controls. Light levels (PAR) and potting medium and plant canopy temperatures were continuously monitored.Over the course of the study, the day-night temperature differential (DIF), in the plant canopy, averaged 4.2C in the warm day regime and -1.4C in the cool day regime. The average daily temperature was lower (16.9C) in the warm day regime than in the cool day regime (18.7C).DIF treatment significantly affected final leaf area, leaf and total plant dry weight, leaf area ratio and specific leaf weight, The DIF treatment by cultivar interaction was significant for final poinsettia leaf area, stem, leaf and total plant dry weight, break number and average break length. Uniconazole significantly affected final plant height, stem and total plant dry weight, break number, average break length and specific leaf weight. Uniconazole by DIF treatment effects were not significant,

Dry-matter production, yield, photosynthesis, chlorophyll content and specific leaf weight of cotton in relation to leaf shape and colour

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Karami ◽  
J. B. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Specific Leaf Weight ◽  
Leaf Weight ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Index Ratio ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Made In

SummaryAnalysis of seasonal growth and fruit production of American Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) with different combinations of leaf shapes and colours was made in 1970. Plants with the ‘okra’ leaf shape (LOLO) had a higher photosynthetic rate, number of green bolls, number of ‘squares’ (flowering buds) and flowers, dry weight of fruiting parts, fruiting index, harvest index (ratio of seed cotton to total biological yield), yield and lint percentage than plants with normal leaves.There were no significant differences in specific leaf weight (SLW) due to leaf shape. There was no significant correlation between SLW and photosynthetic rates among biotypes. There were no significant differences in different characteristics measured regarding leaf colours.

Inheritance of Leaflet Size and Specific Leaf Weight in Alfalfa 1

Crop Science ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 649-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Song ◽  
P. D. Walton
Keyword(s):  
Specific Leaf Weight ◽  
Leaf Weight

Effects of Temperature and CO2Concentration on the Growth of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), Spurred Anoda (Anoda cristata), and Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)

Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 751-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
David T. Patterson ◽  
Maxine T. Highsmith ◽  
Elizabeth P. Flint
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Net Assimilation Rate ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Leaf Weight ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Cotton, spurred anoda, and velvetleaf were grown in controlled-environment chambers at day/night temperatures of 32/23 or 26/17 C and CO2concentrations of 350 or 700 ppm. After 5 weeks, CO2enrichment to 700 ppm increased dry matter accumulation by 38, 26, and 29% in cotton, spurred anoda, and velvetleaf, respectively, at 26/17 C and by 61, 41, and 29% at 32/23 C. Increases in leaf weight accounted for over 80% of the increase in total plant weight in cotton and spurred anoda in both temperature regimes. Leaf area was not increased by CO2enrichment. The observed increases in dry matter production with CO2enrichment were caused by increased net assimilation rate. In a second experiment, plants were grown at 350 ppm CO2and 29/23 C day/night for 17 days before exposure to 700 ppm CO2at 26/17 C for 1 week. Short-term exposure to high CO2significantly increased net assimilation rate, dry matter production, total dry weight, leaf dry weight, and specific leaf weight in comparison with plants maintained at 350 ppm CO2at 26/17 C. Increases in leaf weight in response to short-term CO2enrichment accounted for 100, 87, and 68% of the observed increase in total plant dry weight of cotton, spurred anoda, and velvetleaf, respectively. Comparisons among the species showed that CO2enrichment decreased the weed/crop ratio for total dry weight, possibly indicating a potential competitive advantage for cotton under elevated CO2, even at suboptimum temperatures.

RFLP tagging of QTLs conditioning specific leaf weight and leaf size in soybean

1998 ◽  
Vol 96 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 354-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. R. Mian ◽  
R. Wells ◽  
T. E. Carter ◽  
D. A. Ashley ◽  
H. R. Boerma
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Size ◽  
Specific Leaf Weight ◽  
Leaf Weight

Effect of leaf age on photosynthesis and transpiration of cassava (Manihot esculenta)

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (17) ◽  
pp. 2288-2295 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Aslam ◽  
S. B. Lowe ◽  
L. A. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Specific Leaf Weight ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Leaf Weight

The effect of plant and leaf age on CO2-exchange rates (CER) and transpiration rates in 15 genotypes of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) was measured in situ by infrared gas analysis. The plants were grown in a controlled-environment room with a 14-h photoperiod, day–night temperatures of 29–24 °C, and 60–70% relative humidity.Plant age had no effect on leaf CER, whereas transpiration rates in 14-week-old plants were significantly greater than those in 7-week-old plants. Both CER and transpiration rates decreased with leaf age. The decline was negligible when measured at low photosynthetic photon flux density. At saturating light, however, both CER and transpiration rates decreased significantly in most of the genotypes. Significant genotypic differences were observed in the pattern of decline. Both stomatal (rs) and residual (rr) resistances to the diffusion of CO2 increased with leafage in all the genotypes. The relative increase in rr was much greater than the increase in rs. In all the genotypes the ratio rr:rs was greater than unity, suggesting that rr is the major component of the total resistance to photosynthesis. Chlorophyll content and specific leaf weight also varied significantly among the genotypes. However, chlorophyll content decreased and specific leaf weight increased with leaf age.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document