scholarly journals Determining Diuron, Simazine, and Methiocarb Residues in Highbush Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum)

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.B. Ely ◽  
R.E. Frans ◽  
T.L. Lavy ◽  
R.E. Talbert ◽  
J.D. Mattice
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Reverse Phase Hplc ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Tolerance Level ◽  
Ultraviolet Absorbance ◽  
Absorbance Detection ◽  
Highbush Blueberries ◽  
Over The Top

Two-year-old highbush blueberry bushes (Vaccinium corymbosum L. `Collins') were treated in Mar. 1985 with diuron or simazine at 2.2 or 4.5 kg a.i./ha. No residues were detected by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet absorbance detection (HPLC-UV) from treated berries that were harvested in June. Methiocarb was applied in May 1986 at 0.84 and 3 kg·ha-1 over the top of 3-year-old `Collins' when the berries began to ripen. Reverse-phase HPLC-UV of berries treated with methiocarb at 3 kg·ha-1 had combined residues of methiocarb and its sulfone and sulfoxide metabolites of 13.1 ppm from unrinsed and 7 ppm from rinsed berries harvested on the day of treatment; 4.9 ppm from unrinsed and 4 ppm from rinsed berries harvested 4 days after treatment; and 2.4 ppm from unrinsed and 2.5 ppm from rinsed berries harvested 8 days after treatment. Unrinsed berries treated with methiocarb at 0.84 kg·ha-1 had 5.7 ppm residue on the day of treatment and 1 ppm 8 days later. Residues from berries treated with methiocarb at 0.84 or 3 kg·ha-1 were below the legal tolerance level of 5 ppm after the required 7-day waiting period. Chemical names used: n'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N -dimethylurea (diuron); 6-chloro- N,N' -diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine (simazine); 3,5-dimethyl-4-(methylthio)phenol methylcarbamate (methiocarb).

scholarly journals Effects of post-veraison irrigation on the phenolic composition of Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘Xinomavro’ grapes

OENO One ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-189
Author(s):  
Seraphim Theocharis ◽  
Nikolaos Nikolaou ◽  
Eleftheria Zioziou ◽  
Maria Kyraleou ◽  
Stamatina Kallithraka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Continuous Irrigation ◽  
Ultraviolet Absorbance ◽  
Absorbance Detection ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

‘Xinomavro’ (the second planted red Greek variety behind ‘Agiorgitiko’) generally produces wines that are light in colour but with increased astringency, possibly related to grape flavonoid amount and composition; although irrigation is accepted as an effective means to enhance grape phenolic maturity, its role has not yet been sufficiently studied in the case of Xinomavro. This study aimed to determine the effect of post-veraison irrigation on berry anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin amount and composition, of field-grown Xinomavro vines (Vitis vinifera L.), under the typical summer conditions of Northern Greece. In a 10-year-old Xinomavro vineyard, two post-veraison watering regimes were applied—irrigation starting 20 days after veraison (mid-ripening irrigation, MRI) and irrigation starting immediately after veraison was completed (after veraison irrigation, AVI)—alongside non irrigated vines (NI), and vines irrigated continuously from berry set through harvest (continuous irrigation, CI). Proanthocyanidin composition was determined in both skins and seeds by employing phloroglucinolysis followed by HPLC-UV and MS detection (high-performance liquid chromatographic with tandem mass spectrometric and ultraviolet absorbance detection), and the anthocyanin profile was identified only in the skin extracts by HPLC-UV (high-performance liquid chromatographic with ultraviolet absorbance detection). Post-veraison irrigation increased yield parameters and reduced anthocyanin levels and the proportion of their stable forms (acylated vs. non-acylated, tri-oxygenated and methoxylated on the B-ring vs. di-oxygenated and hydroxylated), compared to NI vines; however, these effects were more pronounced in the case of early post-veraison irrigation (AVI) than late-season irrigation (MRI). Irrigation also increased the mean Degree of Polymerization (mDP) and prodelphinidin percentage of skin tannins and decreased mDP of seed tannins. In the light of the necessity to control the accelerated ripening under the increasingly hotter and drier climatic conditions, late irrigation (MRI) might provide a solution to avoid excessive sugar levels and allow a slightly higher yield without significant reductions in berry phenolic content. The results suggest that the optimisation of the timing of irrigation could provide an effective adaptation strategy to climate change in Mediterranean viticultural areas.

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF ANTHOCYANINS OF CORN WITH DARK GRAIN

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Leyla Sadraddin kyzy Valiyeva ◽  
Viktor Ivanovich Deyneka ◽  
Yelena Yur'yevna Oleynits ◽  
Gul'shan Kagraman kyzy Rahimova ◽  
Natiga Asker kyzy Nabieva
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Reverse Phase Hplc ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
Corn Grains

In corn grains, anthocyanins pigments accumulate – belonging to the class of flavanoids, products of the secondary metabolism of plants and which are low molecular weight antioxidants. Numerous epidemiological studies have shown that the use of foods rich in anthocyanins leads to a significant reduction in diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular and oncological diseases. Compared to an equal amount of vegetables and fruits containing anthocyanins, more of them are present in the grain in bound form. Participating in the metabolism in the lower parts of the gastrointestinal tract, they have a beneficial effect on maintaining health. To analyze the total content and determine the composition of anthocyanins in grains of 21 samples of corn from the collection of the National Gene Bank of Azerbaijan, in order to identify promising samples in breeding to increase the content of anthocyanins, we used the method of high-performance liquid chromatography with reverse phase (HPLC) with spectrophotometric and mass spectrometric detection. The grains of the test samples identified mainly cyanidin-3-glucoside and pelargonidin-3-glucoside, as well as the isomeric products of their mono- and diacylation with malonic acid. Pelargonidin-3-glucoside derivatives prevailed in the grain extracts of some of the samples studied. Corn samples were selected as starting material for further breeding work to create local forms of corn with improved nutritional and therapeutic properties.

Far-ultraviolet absorbance detection of sugars and peptides by high-performance liquid chromatography

2015 ◽  
Vol 1424 ◽  
pp. 86-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichi Uchiho ◽  
Yusuke Goto ◽  
Masao Kamahori ◽  
Toshimichi Aota ◽  
Atsuki Morisaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ultraviolet Absorbance ◽  
Absorbance Detection ◽  
Far Ultraviolet

scholarly journals   Alanine conjugate of indole-3-butyric acid improves rooting of highbush blueberries

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 236-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mihaljević ◽  
B. Salopek-Sondi
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings ◽  
Highbush Blueberries ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Auxins and their synthetic analogues are commonly used for rooting of cuttings, but their efficiency depends on experimental set-up and, even more importantly, on species or cultivar, and type of explants investigated. In attempt to improve rooting procedure for highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), we investigated alanine conjugate of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA-Ala) as potential root-promoting compound and compared with commonly used auxins indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The effect of different concentrations of auxins on the rooting of highbush blueberry stem cuttings (var. Bluecrop, Bluetta, Burlington and Jersey) and in vitro-derived microcuttings (var. Jersey) was investigated. Auxin treatments significantly promoted rooting of all four varieties in comparison to control. The most efficient rooting promoter in all varieties appeared IBA-Ala (provided up to 83%, and 93% of the rooted cuttings and microcuttings, respectively). Furthermore, IBA-Ala caused a vigorous, well-branched root system that resulted in better acclimatization and survival of plants. Results suggest the application of IBA-Ala may be beneficial for rooting of difficult-to-root varieties of blueberry and related species and their practical application in the nursery industry.  

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