scholarly journals 339 ACC-DERIVED ETHYLENE PRODUCTION, A RAPID TEST FOR SEED VIGOR

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 479b-479
Author(s):  
Anwar A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Relationship Of

1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) was used to measure seed vigor of lettuce, cabbage, tomato, snap bean and sweet corn seeds. Accelerated aging at 40C and 93% RH over saturated solution of KH2PO4 and natural aging under ambient storage conditions (5-7C, 28 to 60% RH) were used to obtain seeds of differing vigor levels. Depending on the type of seeds, the amount of ACC needed for maximal ethylene production (saturating dose) ranged from 0.25 to 2mM. Seeds produced much larger amounts of ethylene in the presence than in absence of ACC, the ACC-derived ethylene was detected prior to germination, and ACC had no adverse effect on germination. ACC-derived ethylene production paralleled vigor loss as determined by percentage germination, mean germination time (for lettuce only) and seedling growth (for snap bean only). Second degree polynomial and logarithmic equations generated for the relationship of ACC-derived ethylene production to germination or growth parameters following seed aging, provided good to excellent fit. As a vigor test, the ACC-ethylene procedure has several advantages over the non-ACC ethylene procedure: it greatly improves the sensitivity of the test by enhancing ethylene production, it permits detection of small differences in vigor levels and it allows detection of ethylene prior to germination within a few hours of soaking.

scholarly journals ACC-derived Ethylene Production, a Sensitive Test for Seed Vigor

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 1083-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Degree Polynomial ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Lettuce Seeds ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

ACC-derived ethylene production was used as an index of seed vigor of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), cabbage [Brassica oleracea (Capitata Group)], tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and sweet corn (Zea mays L.) seeds. Seeds were aged at 40C and 93% relative humidity over saturated solution of KH2PO4 for various times to obtain seeds of differing vigor. Naturally aged lettuce seeds, differing in vigor, were also used. Depending on the seed type, 0.25 to 2 mm ACC (saturating dose) was needed to produce maximal amounts of ethylene. Seeds in the presence of ACC produced a much larger amount of ethylene than those in the absence of ACC, the ACC-derived ethylene could be detected before germination, and ACC had no adverse effect on germination. ACC-derived ethylene production paralleled vigor loss as determined by a decrease in percentage germination over a soak period required for complete germination of nonaged seeds (16 hours for lettuce, 24 hours for cabbage, and 48 hours for tomato and sweet corn), an increase in mean germination time (determined for lettuce only), and a decrease in seedling growth (determined for snap bean only). Second degree polynomial and logarithmic equations generated for the relationship of ACC-derived ethylene production to germination or growth parameters following seed aging, provided good to excellent fit. As a vigor test, the ACC-ethylene procedure has several advantages over the non-ACC ethylene procedure: It improves the sensitivity of the test by enhancing ethylene production, permits detection of small differences in vigor, and allows detection of ethylene before germination within a few hours of soaking. Chemical name used: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC).

scholarly journals Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping of Seed Vigor in Soybean under −20 °C Storage and Accelerated Aging Conditions via RAD Sequencing

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 1977-1996
Author(s):  
Rongfan Wang ◽  
Fengqi Wu ◽  
Xianrong Xie ◽  
Cunyi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Poor Seed ◽  
Aging Conditions ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Locus Mapping

Due to its fast deterioration, soybean (Glycine max L.) has an inherently poor seed vigor. Vigor loss occurring during storage is one of the main obstacles to soybean production in the tropics. To analyze the genetic background of seed vigor, soybean seeds of a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross between Zhonghuang24 (ZH24, low vigor cultivar) and Huaxia3hao (HX3, vigorous cultivar) were utilized to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) underlying the seed vigor under −20 °C conservation and accelerated aging conditions. According to the linkage analysis, multiple seed vigor-related QTLs were identified under both −20 °C and accelerated aging storage. Two major QTLs and eight QTL hotspots localized on chromosomes 3, 6, 9, 11, 15, 16, 17, and 19 were detected that were associated with seed vigor across two storage conditions. The indicators of seed vigor did not correlate well between the two aging treatments, and no common QTLs were detected in RIL populations stored in two conditions. These results indicated that deterioration under accelerated aging conditions was not reflective of natural aging at −20 °C. Additionally, we suggest 15 promising candidate genes that could possibly determine the seed vigor in soybeans, which would help explore the mechanisms responsible for maintaining high seed vigor.

scholarly journals Ethylene Evolution is Positively Correlated with Seed Vigor in Sweet Corn and Tomato Seed Lots with Differing Vigor Levels but Similar Germination Capacity

2003 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunching Siriwitayawan ◽  
A. Bruce Downie ◽  
Robert L. Geneve
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Acc Oxidase ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Germination Capacity ◽  
Ethylene Evolution ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Aged Seeds

Sweet corn (Zea mays L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) seeds were aged naturally for 18 months or artificially aged using saturated salt accelerated aging to provide seed lots that differed in seed vigor, but retained a high standard germination percentage. Seed vigor was confirmed using standard vigor tests, including time to radicle emergence, cold, and accelerated aging tests. Ethylene evolution from both sweet corn and tomato seeds during germination was positively correlated with seed quality. Differences in ethylene evolution between nonaged and aged seeds were greater in seeds germinated on exogenous 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC). After 36 hours, there was about a 15-fold increase in ethylene evolution from seeds treated with 5 mm ACC compared to untreated seeds. Naturally and artificially aged seeds responded similarly and showed reduced ethylene production compared to nonaged seeds. In contrast to ethylene production, endogenous ACC titers were less for nonaged compared to aged seeds. Exogenous application of ACC to artificially aged seeds reduced the time to radicle protrusion, but did not completely reverse age-related effects on vigor. The data indicate that the reduced ability to produce ethylene in aged seeds was related to ACC oxidase (ACCO) synthesis or activity. Using Northern blot analysis, ACCO mRNA was detected after 48 hours of imbibition in nonaged seeds, but was undetectable in aged seeds affirming the contention that ACCO synthesis was delayed or reduced by aging. The current study provides additional support for ethylene as a biochemical indicator of seed vigor in seed lots with reduced vigor but high germination capacity.

scholarly journals New approaches to seed vigor testing

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (spe) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Marcos-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Cellular Membranes ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Current State ◽  
Indirect Identification ◽  
Controlled Deterioration ◽  
Seed Resistance

Among the principles used for the evaluation of seed vigor, two approaches are predominant: seed resistance to stresses and the direct or indirect identification of the "current" state of the seeds, e.g., enzymatic activity, integrity of the cellular membranes, growth parameters. In this presentation recent innovations are discussed in procedures for seed vigor evaluation emphasizing the methodologies of accelerated aging with salt saturated solutions, controlled deterioration and potassium leachate tests. These tests, performed at seed the laboratory of ESALQ/USP, in function of their simplicity and efficiency, deserve the attention of seed technologists.

scholarly journals Assessment of the physiological potential of super sweet corn seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Oliveira Alvarenga ◽  
Julio Marcos-Filho ◽  
Tathiana Silva Timóteo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Seedling Length

The assessment of physiological potential is essential in seed quality control programs. This study compared the sensitivity of different procedures for evaluating super sweet corn seed vigor, focusing on the primary root protrusion test. Six seed lots, each of the SWB 551 and SWB 585 hybrids, were used. Seed physiological potential was evaluated by germination and vigor tests (speed of germination, traditional and saturated salt accelerated aging, cold test, seedling length, seedling emergence and primary root protrusion). Primary root protrusion was evaluated every 12 hours at 15 °C, 20 °C and 25 °C using two criteria (primary root protrusion and seedlings at the 2 mm root stage). It was concluded that the primary root protrusion test at 15 °C can evaluate super sweet corn seed vigor by counting the number of seedlings at the 2 mm root stage.

Relationship of Ethylene Production to Elongation in Deepwater Rice 1

Crop Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1188-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar A. Khan ◽  
R. Thakur ◽  
M. Akbar ◽  
D. HilleRisLambers ◽  
D. V. Seshu
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Deepwater Rice ◽  
Relationship Of

Accelerated Aging of Deacidified and Untreated Book Paper in 1967 Compared with 52 Years of Natural Aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-152
Author(s):  
Tali H. Horst ◽  
Richard D. Smith ◽  
Antje Potthast ◽  
Martin A. Hubbe
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Room Temperature Storage ◽  
Folding Endurance ◽  
Endurance Tests ◽  
Breaking Length ◽  
Temperature Storage

AbstractThree copies of a book that had been optionally deacidified using two different procedures in 1967, and then subjected to accelerated aging, were tested again after 52 years of natural aging. Matched copies of the book Cooking the Greek Way, which had been printed in Czechoslovakia on acidic paper, were evaluated. Nonaqueous treatment of two of the copies with magnesium methoxide dissolved in chlorofluorocarbon solvent had been found in 1967 to have decreased the susceptibility to embrittlement, as evidenced by the results of the accelerated aging, followed by folding endurance tests. Retesting of the same books in 2019, after 52 years of room temperature storage, showed that the deacidification treatments had achieved the following benefits in comparison to the untreated book: (a) higher brightness; (b) higher folding endurance; (c) tensile breaking length higher in the cross-direction of the paper; (d) substantial alkaline reserve content, (e) an alkaline surface pH in the range 7.1–7.4, and (f) higher molecular mass of the cellulose. Remarkably, some of the folding endurance results matched those of unaged samples evaluated in 1967. Scanning electron micrographs showed no differences between the treated and untreated books.

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