scholarly journals Automobile Radiator Antifreeze and Windshield Washer Fluid as IBA Carriers for Rooting Woody Cuttings

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin Chong ◽  
Bob Hamersma
Keyword(s):  
Juniperus Virginiana ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Similar Concentration ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Rooted Cutting ◽  
Thuja Occidentalis ◽  
Common Lilac ◽  
Physocarpus Opulifolius ◽  
Acer Ginnala ◽  
Juniperus Sabina

Terminal stem cuttings of four evergreens [arborvitae (Thuja occidentalis L.), `Calgary Carpet' juniper (Juniperus sabina L.), `Hetzii' juniper (Juniperus virginiana L.), and Tamarix juniper (Juniperus sabina L.)] and four deciduous {Amur maple (Acer ginnala Maxim.), common lilac (Syringa vulgaris L.), ninebark [Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.], and viburnum (Viburnum farreri Stearn)} woody landscape shrubs were treated with 0%, 0.1%, 0.3%, or 0.8% IBA mixed in talc or with 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0%, or 1.5% IBA dissolved in 95% ethanol, radiator antifreeze (95% ethylene glycol), or windshield washer fluid (47.5% methanol). None of the carriers were phytotoxic to the cuttings. Cuttings treated with IBA in radiator antifreeze or windshield washer fluid produced rooting in most taxa similar to those treated with IBA in ethanol. Cuttings of the evergreen taxa produced more roots with liquid than with talc IBA at similar concentration ranges. There were some differences in rooting performance (expressed in terms of percent rooting, mean root count per rooted cutting, and length of the longest root per cutting) of taxa to solvents and IBA concentrations. However, such differences, if any, were generally small or commercially insignificant, except for ninebark, which rooted optimally with no IBA and exhibited a large reduction in percent rooting with increasing IBA concentrations in windshield washer fluid. Chemical name used: indolebutyric acid (IBA).

scholarly journals Comparison of Perlite and Peat:perlite Rooting Media for Rooting Softwood Stem Cuttings in a Subirrigation System with Minimal Mist

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-151
Author(s):  
Gregory J. Giroux ◽  
Brian K. Maynard ◽  
William A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plant ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Medium Ph ◽  
Rooted Cutting ◽  
Rooting Medium ◽  
Rooting Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Acer Ginnala

Abstract Perlite and mixtures of milled sphagnum peat and perlite (1:16, 1:8, and 1:4 by vol) were compared as rooting media in a propagation system utilizing subirrigation with minimal mist for rooting softwood stem cuttings of nine woody plant species. The influence of rooting medium on percentage rooting, number of roots per rooted cutting, and length of the longest roots on each cutting varied with species. Composition of the media had no effect on percentage of cuttings that rooted, number of roots per rooted cutting, or length of the longest root of ‘Late Blue’ highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. ‘Late Blue’). Cuttings of Amur maple (Acer ginnala Maxim.) and ‘Ruby Spice’ sweet pepper bush (Clethra alnifolia L. ‘Ruby Spice’) produced the longest root in 1:4 peat:perlite, and cuttings of ‘Ruby Spice’ sweet pepper bush produced the greatest number of roots in 1:8 peat: perlite. Cuttings of redvein enkianthus [Enkianthus campanulatus (Miq.) Nichols] produced more roots in 1:8 peat:perlite than in perlite, and longer roots in 1:16 and 1:8 peat: perlite than in perlite. The number of roots per cutting of ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) was greatest in 1:16 peat: perlite. Cuttings of Carolina silverbell (Halesia carolina L.) rooted in the greatest percentage in perlite, and cuttings of panicle hydrangea (Hydrangea paniculata Sieb.) rooted in the greatest percentages in perlite and 1:8 peat: perlite. The number of roots per cutting of ‘Kwanzan’ cherry and ‘Shasta’ doublefile viburnum [Viburnum plicatum Thunb.var. tomentosum (Thunb.) Rehd. ‘Shasta’] was greatest in 1:16 and 1:8 peat: perlite. Root length per cutting of ‘Kwanzan’ cherry (Prunus serrulata Lindl. ‘Kwanzan’) increased with an increase in the amount of peat in the medium. Rooting medium pH decreased and moisture content increased as the amount of peat in the media increased from 1:16 to 1:8 to 1:4 (peat:perlite, by vol).

scholarly journals Shading and IBA Treatment Do Not Improve Rooting of Stem Cuttings of Quercus phillyraeoides ‘Emerald Sentinel’

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-125
Author(s):  
Jason J. Griffin ◽  
Frank A. Blazich ◽  
Thomas G. Ranney
Keyword(s):  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Rooted Cutting ◽  
Quercus Phillyraeoides

Abstract Shoot tip cuttings of Quercus phillyraeoides A. Gray ‘Emerald Sentinel’ (‘Emerald Sentinel’ oak), in a transitional growth stage between softwood and semi-hardwood, were collected from containerized plants growing under uniform fertility on June 4, 1998. Cuttings were treated with talc formulations of indolebutyric acid (IBA), ranging from 0 to 8000 ppm (0.8%), and placed under intermittent mist with shade levels excluding 0%, 30%, 60% or 90% of full solar irradiance. After 14 weeks, percent rooting averaged 18% and was unaffected by either IBA concentration or shading regime. Similarly, both mean root number per rooted cutting and mean root length were unaffected by IBA concentration or shading. Roots per rooted cutting and mean root length averaged 2.6 and 41 mm (1.6 in), respectively. Results suggest that shading stem cuttings of ‘Emerald Sentinel’ during propagation does not affect rooting.

Propagation of Thuja × `Green Giant' by Stem Cuttings: Effects of Growth Stage, Type of Cutting, and IBA Treatment

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 504a-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason J. Griffin ◽  
Frank A. Blazich ◽  
Thomas G. Ranney
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Rooted Cutting ◽  
Auxin Treatment

Stem cuttings of Thuja L. × `Green Giant', consisting of 22-cm terminals or 20-cm laterals, were collected on three dates associated with specific growth stages (softwood, semi-hardwood, and hardwood), and treated with indolebutyric acid (IBA) in 50% isopropanol ranging from 0 to 9000 ppm and placed under intermittent mist. Regardless of cutting type or auxin treatment, cuttings rooted in high percentages at each growth stage. Overall rooting was highest for hardwood cuttings (96%) followed by semi-hardwood (86%), and softwood (85%) cuttings. Semi-hardwood cuttings were the only cuttings in which rooting was affected by IBA or cutting type with the greatest rooting (94%) attained using lateral cuttings treated with 6000 or 9000 ppm IBA. Although an interaction occurred between IBA treatment and cutting type for mean root length of hardwood cuttings, only mean root length of semi-hardwood cuttings was influenced by IBA concentration alone with the greatest length (25 mm) achieved with 6000 ppm IBA. An interaction was noted for root count between cutting type and IBA concentrations for softwood cuttings, whereas IBA and cutting type affected independently root count on semi-hardwood cuttings. Treatment with 9000 ppm IBA resulted in 18 roots per rooted cutting whereas lateral cuttings responded with a mean of 16 roots over all IBA concentrations. Root count on hardwood cuttings was affected by IBA treatment only, with 9000 ppm being optimum (14 roots per rooted cutting).

scholarly journals Elements of topiary art of reserved man-made parks of the second half of the XX century

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
А. А. Dzyba
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Cube Complex ◽  
Thuja Occidentalis ◽  
Landscape Art ◽  
Buxus Sempervirens ◽  
The Family ◽  
Physocarpus Opulifolius ◽  
Five Elements ◽  
Juniperus Sabina

Elements of topiary art were studied in eleven park-monuments of landscape art (PMLA) and five complex monuments of nature (CMN), created in the second half of the twentieth century. To the elements of topiary art belong: shaped plants, plant-borders, hedges, living walls, pylons, berso, bosquets, and parterres. In PMsLA “Bondaretsky” and “Vysokivsky” were found no elements of topiary art. In nine PMsLA and five CMsN of Ukrainian Polissya were present five elements of topiary art (plant-borders, hedges (low, medium, high), living walls, pylons and shaped plants (ball, pyramid, cone, cube, complex geometric figures). The most common are plant-borders formed from Buxus sempervirens L., trimmed hedges from Picea abies Karst. and Thuja occidentalis L., untrimmed hedges from Juniperus sabina L., Physocarpus opulifolius Maxim., and Sorbaria sorbifolia (L.) A.Br., pylons and shaped plants in the form of a sphere, cube, complex geometric shapes - from Thuja occidentalis L. 12 families, 24 genera, 24 species, and 3 cultivars represent the systematic structure of woody plants in the elements of topiary art. Deciduous species of woody plants, namely the family Rosaceae Juss, prevail. In the elements of topiary art of PMLA and CMN there are species that are protected by the IUCN Red List (58 %), belonging to two categories of rarity NT (4 %), LC (54 %). In terms of the height of woody plants in the elements of topiary art, trees and shrubs are represented in equal numbers. By height, among tree plants prevail trees of the first magnitude 26 % and medium bushes 29 %, whereas there are slightly fewer trees of the fourth magnitude (15%) and high bushes (22 %). The condition of woody plants of 24 species and three cultivars is good, except for woody plants where timely and proper care was not carried out (formation of longitudinal and transverse profiles and annual pruning). Some plants should be replaced because of loss of aesthetics due to age.

scholarly journals Survival and Growth of Stewartia pseudocamellia Rooted Cuttings and Seedlings

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
Daniel K. Struve ◽  
L. Mark Lagrimini
Keyword(s):  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Rooted Cutting ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Minimum Heat

Abstract Japanese Stewartia, Stewartia pseudocamellia (Maxim.), cuttings were rooted and seeds germinated to compare growth and survival of the two plant types. Softwood cuttings collected from 18-month-old, 1 to 1.3 m (3 to 4 ft) tall stock plants were rooted successfully (greater than 64%) at two propagation times by giving severed cuttings a basal quick dip in 0.1 M ascorbic or caffeic acid, before a basal quick dip in 100 ppm indolebutyric acid (IBA). Cuttings were overwintered in either a minimum heat (3C, 35F) polyhouse (89% survival), or in a 7C (45F) cooler (97% survival). There was no difference in height following overwintering, but by the end of the first growing season following propagation, seedlings were significantly taller than rooted cuttings, 84 vs 72 cm (33 vs 28 in), respectively. Although growth was vigorous, survival after upcanning was poor; rooted cutting survival was 17%, seedling survival was 48%. This study demonstrates that Japanese Stewartia can be propagated readily by softwood and semi-hardwood stem cuttings dipped in low IBA concentrations if cuttings are pre-treated with either ascorbic or caffeic acid. These cuttings can also be overwintered successfully.

scholarly journals IBA Formulation, Concentration, and Stock Plant Growth Stage Affect Rooting of Stem Cuttings of Viburnum rufidulum

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Jason J. Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Stock Plant ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Rooted Cutting ◽  
Landscape Plant ◽  
Plant Growth Stages

Abstract Viburnum rufidulum Raf. (southern or rusty blackhaw) has potential to be a popular landscape plant as it is an attractive large shrub tolerant of many common landscape stresses. However, propagation difficulties have thus far limited wide scale use. Therefore, the influence of IBA formulation and concentration on adventitious rooting of stem cuttings of southern blackhaw taken at different stock plant growth stages throughout the year were investigated. Liquid formulations of the potassium salt (K-salt) of indolebutyric acid (K-IBA) at 0, 3000, 6000, or 9000 ppm (0, 0.3, 0.6, or 0.9%) as well as talc formulations of IBA at 1000, 3000, or 8000 ppm (0.1, 0.3 or 0.8%) were utilized. Talc formulations failed to stimulate rooting regardless of concentration or growth stage. A quick-dip of K-IBA increased rooting percentage at all growth stages. Softwood and hardwood cuttings had the highest rooting percentages. Hardwood cuttings treated with 6000 ppm (0.6%) or 9000 ppm (0.9%) rooted 90 and 100%, respectively. Softwood cuttings treated with 6000 ppm (0.6%) rooted 87%. K-IBA improved root number per rooted cutting for softwood cuttings, whereas root length was unaffected by K-IBA at any growth stage.

scholarly journals (171) Auxin Affects Adventitious Rooting of Snowbells (Styrax L.)

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001C-1001
Author(s):  
Jason J. Griffin ◽  
F. Todd Lasseigne
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Salt ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Asexual Propagation ◽  
Rooted Cutting ◽  
Horticultural Traits ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Warm Temperate

The snowbells (Styrax L.) are a group of flowering shrubs and trees distributed throughout the warm-temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. In all, there are about 120 species, of which only Styrax japonicus Sieb. & Zucc. (Japanese snowbell) and its cultivars are currently of commercial significance. Other species may also posses desirable horticultural traits that could be valuable on their own merit, or used in plant improvement programs. Currently there is little information regarding asexual propagation of the lesser known species. The results herein show that propagation of a diverse collection of Styrax(15 taxa) is possible by stem cuttings. However, species and cultivars within a species do not respond to auxin treatment similarly. The percentage of rooting of many taxa was improved when cuttings were treated with 3000 or 8000 ppm (0.3% or 0.8%) of the potassium salt of indolebutyric acid (K-IBA). However, rooting was unaffected by K-IBA treatment in some taxa, while rooting was negatively affected by K-IBA in others. Additionally, the number of roots produced per rooted cutting were affected by K-IBA treatment. In some instances, K-IBA increased the number of roots per rooted cutting. However, in most of the taxa, root number was unaffected.

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan Stek Batang Pohpohan (Pilea trinervia Wight.) pada Umur Tanaman, Bagian Batang, dan Media Tanam yang Berbeda

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Nicha Muslimawati ◽  
Ketty Suketi ◽  
Anas D. Susila
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Rooted Cutting ◽  
Stem Base ◽  
Indigenous Media

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Pohpohan (Pilea trinervia Wight.) is one of indigenous vegetables that grows in the mountain areas of West Java. Propagule availability in large quantities and in a short time can be done with cuttings. However, propagation of Pohpohan by cutting  has  not  been  developed  presently.  The objective  of  the research was  to  obtain  the  best  plant  age,  stem  part,  and growing media  for the growth  of  pohpohan  stem  cuttings.  The  research  was conducted  at the Center  of  Tropical Horticulture Studies Experimental Field Tajur-Bogor, from January to July 2013. The cuttings were taken  from  mother plants  of  3,  4, 5,  and  6  months,  then the  cuttings  were  cut  to  stem tips  (B1), central stem  (B2),  and  stem  base  (B3).  The  were  five  cuttings  per experimental  unit. Experiment were replicated 3 times. Cuttings  were planted in polybag containing topsoil media (M0), rockwool (M1), husk  and  compost (M2),  and  vermicompost  (M3).  The  experiment  was  arranged in Randomized Completely Block Design.  Result of experiment  showed that pohpohan from 4 monthmother plant cut  at  stem  base  grow  in husk and compost  grow  best  (99.06% of living percentages, 100% percentage of rooted cutting  and 11-12 number of leaves).  The cutting of stem tips grown  in husk and compost showed the highest mean for the increase of stem length, 3.94 cm. There were no interaction between growing media of stem cuttings and part of stem in the growth of shoot height, number of branch, leaf width, and diameter of stem. Key words: growing media, indigenous, pohpohan, stem cuttings ABSTRAKPohpohan  (Pilea  trinervia  Wight.)  merupakan salah  satu sayuran  indigenous  yang  banyak tumbuh  di  daerah  pegunungan Jawa Barat. Pemenuhan  kebutuhan  bibit  pohpohan  dalam  jumlah yang  banyak dan dalam  waktu  yang  singkat  dapat  dilakukan  dengan  perbanyakan vegetatif stek. Namun  demikian  perbanyakan  stek  pada  pohpohan  belum  banyak dikembangkan  untuk  saat  ini. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah  memperoleh umur bahan tanaman, bagian batang, dan media tanam yang terbaik  untuk pertumbuhan  stek  batang  pohpohan.  Penelitian  dilaksanakan  di  Kebun Percobaan Pusat Kajian Hortikultura Tropika (PKHT) Tajur-Bogor, dari Januari sampai Juli 2013. Pohpohan yang digunakan yaitu berumur 3, 4, 5, dan 6 bulan, kemudian dilakukan stek batang pada bagian pucuk (B1), tengah (B2), dan pangkal (B3).  Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan ialah rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak.  Setiap satuan percobaan  terdiri  atas lima  stek,  percobaan terdiri atas tiga ulangan.  Stek  dimasukkan  ke  dalam  polibag  dengan  media tanam  topsoil  (M0),  rockwool  (M1), arang  sekam  dan  kompos  (M2), serta kascing  (M3).  Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan  bahwa  stek pohpohan yang berasal dari tanaman 4 bulan,  bagian pangkal batang dan ditanam pada media arang sekam dan kompos memiliki pertumbuhan yang terbaik dengan rata-rata persentase hidup 99.06%, persentase berakar 100%, dan jumlah daun 11-12 helai. Stek pada pucuk batang yang ditanam pada media arang sekam dan kompos memiliki penambahan panjang batang stek 3.94 cm. Tidak terdapat interaksi antara perlakuan stek pada media tanam dengan bagian batang terhadap perumbuhan tinggi tunas, jumlah cabang, lebar daun, dan diameter batang.</p><p>Kata kunci: indigenous, media tanam, pohpohan, stek batang</p>

scholarly journals The Propagation of Guavas from Stem Cuttings

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 280-289
Author(s):  
W. Pennock ◽  
G. Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
High Susceptibility ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Anthracnose Disease ◽  
Rooting Media ◽  
Fine Gravel

1. A highly successful propagation method is described by which hundreds of side-sprouts are first induced on the parent guava tree. These are later cut and rooted under alternatmg mist, with leaves attached. By using this method it is possible to produce from 500 to 1,000 guava plants from a single 3-year-old tree within 10 months. 2. An experiment is also described and discussed which showed that different rooting media, such as coarse sand and very fine gravel, with Coco-peat, fir bark, Vermiculite, Perlite, and Mexifern, had no appreciable effect on rooting. But treatment with a relatively high concentration, 200 p.p.m., of indolebutyric acid improved and accelerated rooting markedly. Rooting was still further improved if 2 percent of sugar was combined with the indolebutyric acid treatment. 3. The high susceptibility of cuttings under mist to anthracnose disease is mentioned and the usual course of the disease described. Recommendations are suggested for reducing the incidence of this disease.

scholarly journals The effect of the biostimulator Goteo on the rooting of ninebark stem cuttings

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Pacholczak ◽  
Karolina Nowakowska ◽  
Natalia Mika ◽  
Monika Borkowska
Keyword(s):  
Free Amino ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Indole Derivatives ◽  
Synthetic Auxin ◽  
Synthetic Auxins ◽  
Nursery Production ◽  
Physocarpus Opulifolius ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract As a consequence of restrictions on the use of preparations containing synthetic auxins in nursery production, there is a necessity to replace them with more environmentally friendly biopreparations efficiently stimulating plant growth. The aim of the presented experiment was to compare the effects of the synthetic auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and the biostimulator Goteo on the rooting of ninebark stem cuttings (Physocarpus opulifolius ‘Dart’s Gold’ and ‘Red Baron’) and to get some insight into the latter’s mechanisms of action in plants. Applications of the biostimulator Goteo produced comparable or slightly weaker effects compared to the treatments with IBA. Goteo stimulated elongation in new growth of cuttings when applied in watering or two-fold spraying methods. Application of the biostimulator resulted in increased levels of chlorophyll, soluble sugars and indole derivatives, while the contents of free amino acids and polyphenolic acids decreased. The above results indicate that, if necessary, Goteo may replace the synthetic auxin IBA in the propagation of ninebark in the future.

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