scholarly journals A Genetic Approach for Investigating the Chemistry of Cooked Flavor and Aroma in Sweet Corn

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 555B-555
Author(s):  
John A. Juvik
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Dna Marker ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Genetic Approach ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Selection Methodology

Investigating the chemical constituents that determine human preferences for cooked vegetable flavor and aroma is complicated by experimental limitations. Several to many biochemicals interact with each other and with textural properties to influence perception of eating quality. This is particularly true for volatile compounds associated with aroma, where differences in concentration, volatility, reactivity, chemical stability, thresholds of perception, and duration of receptor bonding generate transient stimuli that are integrated into the sensory evaluation of quality. This paper describes methodology that can isolate, identify, and quantify the effect of chemical constituents that influence flavor and aroma using populations segregating for genes controlling eating quality. A F2:3 population derived from a cross between two sweet corn inbreds that differed in kernel characteristics associated with eating quality were assayed for variation in chemical, physical, and sensory characteristics. Because most aromatic constituents of sweet corn are generated during cooking, kernel tissue samples were autoclaved and analyzed by gas chromatography. Panel variation in sample preference were found to be controlled by three overlying factors—taste, texture, and aroma—the relative importance of each being 45.1%, 30.5%, and 24.4%, respectively. DNA marker technology was employed to generate a linkage map of this population that was sufficiently saturated with probes to allow for the identification and mapping of genes controlling each characteristic. This information improves selection methodology in a breeding program aimed to develop germplasm with superior eating quality.

scholarly journals Chemical Constituents of the Essential Oil from Ecuadorian Endemic Species Croton ferrugineus and Its Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4608
Author(s):  
Eduardo Valarezo ◽  
Génesis Gaona-Granda ◽  
Vladimir Morocho ◽  
Luis Cartuche ◽  
James Calva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Total Composition ◽  
Radical Scavenging Properties

Croton ferrugineus Kunth is an endemic species of Ecuador used in traditional medicine both for wound healing and as an antiseptic. In this study, fresh Croton ferrugineus leaves were collected and subjected to hydrodistillation for extraction of the essential oil. The chemical composition of the essential oil was determined by gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector and gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer using a non-polar and a polar chromatographic column. The antibacterial activity was assayed against three Gram-positive bacteria, one Gram-negative bacterium and one dermatophyte fungus. The radical scavenging properties of the essential oil was evaluated by means of DPPH and ABTS assays. The chemical analysis allowed us to identify thirty-five compounds representing more than 99.95% of the total composition. Aliphatic sesquiterpene hydrocarbon trans-caryophyllene was the main constituent with 20.47 ± 1.25%. Other main compounds were myrcene (11.47 ± 1.56%), β-phellandrene (10.55 ± 0.02%), germacrene D (7.60 ± 0.60%), and α-humulene (5.49 ± 0.38%). The essential oil from Croton ferrugineus presented moderate activity against Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) with an MIC of 1000 μg/mL, a scavenging capacity SC50 of 901 ± 20 µg/mL with the ABTS method, and very strong antiglucosidase activity with an IC50 of 146 ± 20 µg/mL.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oil From the Leaves of Pterocephalus hookeri

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2098123
Author(s):  
Peng-fei Yang ◽  
Hui Lu ◽  
Qiong-bo Wang ◽  
Zhi-wei Zhao ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Assay ◽  
Detailed Chemical

Detailed chemical constituents of essential oil from the Pterocephalus hookeri leaves and its antimicrobial activities were investigated in this study. The essential oil, obtained by hydrodistillation, was characterized by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. Among the 90 identified compounds, hexadecanoic acid (21.27%), phytol (8.03%), furfural (7.08%), oleic acid (5.25%), and phytone (4.56%) were the major components. In the antimicrobial assay, the essential oil showed strong inhibitory activities against Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 31.3, 62.5, and 125 µg/mL, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report concerning chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil from Pterocephalus hookeri.

scholarly journals Chemical constituents and insecticidal activity of the essential oil from fruits of foeniculum vulgare miller on larvae of khapra beetle (trogoderma granarium everts)

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iyad Ghanem ◽  
Adnan Audeh ◽  
Amer Abu Alnaser ◽  
Ghaleb Tayoub
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Trogoderma Granarium ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare Miller

Abstract The objective of current study was to determine the chemical constituents and fumigant toxicity of essential oil isolated by hydro-distillation from dry fruit of bitter fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Miller). The chemical composition of the essential oil was assessed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Constituents of the oil were determined as α-pinene (1.6%) and limonene (3.3%), fenchone (27.3%), estragol (3.9%), and (E)-anethole (61.1%). The fumigant toxicity of the essential oil was tested on larvae of the stored product insect Trogoderma granarium Everts. The mortality of larvae was tested at different concentrations ranging from 31.2 to 531.2 μl/l air and at different exposure times (24 and 48 h). Probit analysis showed that LC50 and LC90 following a 48 h-exposure period for essential oil were 38.4 and 84.6 μl/l, respectively. These results showed that the essential oil from F. vulgare may be applicable to the management of populations of stored-product insects.

scholarly journals Constituents of Peel and Leaf Essential Oils of Citrus Medica L

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. I. Bhuiyan ◽  
J. Begum ◽  
P. K. Sardar ◽  
M. S. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Citrus Medica ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
Peel Oil

The chemical constituents of leaf and peel essential oil of Citrus medica L. were analysed by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Nineteen components accounting for 99.9% of the oil were identified in leaf oil. The major constituents are erucylamide (28.43%), limonene (18.36%) and citral (12.95%). The peel oil contains forty three components accounting for 99.8% of the total oil and the major components are isolimonene (39.37%), citral (23.12%) and limonene (21.78%). Keywords: Citrus medica; Essential oils; GC-MS; Erucylamide; Isolimonene. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i2.1760   

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Application to Investigate of Phytonutrient Different Parts of Lotus

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Warachate Khobjai ◽  
◽  
Khemjira Jarmkom ◽  
Nakuntwalai Wisidsri ◽  
Surachai Techaoei
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Plant Foods ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Major Chemical ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Application ◽  
Different Parts

Phytonutrients, also called phytochemicals, are chemicals produced by plants. Foods and vegetables with phytonutrients have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits. The aim of this study was to analyzed 4 parts of 3 lotuses phytochemical constituents by using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Our results showed that different parts of lotus had a different chemical compound. The major chemical constituents in each extract are 6-Methoxy-2-[p-tolyl]cinchoninic acid (23.92%), Stigmastan-3, 5-diene (6.17%), 5(1H)-Azulenone, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 8a-hexahydro-3, 8-dimethyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-, (8S-cis)- (24.44%), 2-Cyclohexane-1-carboxaldehyde, 2, 6-dimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-pentennyl (18.15%), Stigmastan-3, 5-diene (24.04%), 2(1H)Naphthalenone, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8a-hexanhydro-4, 8a-dimethyl-6-(1-methylethenyl)-(6.49%), 2-[p-Methoxyphenyl]-8-methylcinchoninic acid (12.98%), Ergosta-4, 6, 22-trien-3, beta, -ol (13.57%), and Stigmastan-3, 5-diene (26.05%). Therefore, Phytonutrients could also provide significant benefits for human’s health that eat plant foods.

Extraction of Essential Oil Form Sweet Lime Orange Peel: A Comparison Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 1048 ◽  
pp. 468-475
Author(s):  
Santosh A. Kadapure ◽  
Poonam Kadapure ◽  
C. Anjali ◽  
Bhat Akansha ◽  
B. Sabera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Sweet Lime ◽  
Lime Peel

This research work was designed to extract essential oil from sweet lime peel (solid waste). The feed material selected for study is sweet lime peel. The disposal of waste product such as peels often has a legal restriction problem and treatment process involved requires higher costs. Transformation of this waste in to useful products could cut global treatment costs. Hence the objective of our experimental work was to convert sweet lime peel in to essential oil which is in huge demand in food, pharma and cosmetic industry. In our experimental work eextraction of essential oil was evaluated and comparison study was made between steam distillation, hydro-distillation, solvent extraction and hydro-steam distillation. Maximum extraction yield of 2.4 % was achieved at 90 min of contact by hydro-distillation. Hydro-distillation method offers advantages in comparison with other three methods in terms of energy saving, cleanliness and reduced waste water. Chemical constituents of essential oil samples were evaluated in terms of qualitative and quantitative analyses by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and physical techniques. The chemical profile includes thirty two components which were identified in the extracts by Gas chromatography-Mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis. The dominant component identified was limonene (65 .2 to 72.8%).

scholarly journals Analysis of Liquid Volatile Matters from Coconut Shell Pyrolysis by GC-MS and Its Potential as Antifungal Agent

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1728-1732
Author(s):  
Mashuni ◽  
N.A. Yanti ◽  
M. Jahiding ◽  
L.O. Kadidae ◽  
R. Djaila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Antifungal Agent ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Phytophthora Palmivora ◽  
The World ◽  
Shell Waste

Indonesia is one of the highest producers of coconut in the world and at the same time coconut shell waste is also high. This study used gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis for the liquid volatile matter (LVM) generated from coconut shell pyrolysis and to examine its potential as an antifungal agent. Pyrolysis was performed at 600 ºC. The LVM was 29% (v/w) and had pH 3 and 1.087 g mL-1 density. To determine chemical constituents using GC-MS, the standard NIST MS software was used. The spectrogram analysis of LVM revealed five main compounds, namely phenol (21.92%); (Z)-4-methyl-5-(2-oxopropylidene)-5H-furan-2-one (13.06%); 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (11.54%); 2-methoxyphenol (9.07%) and 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one (7.66%). The LVM showed a excellent fungicidal activity against Phytophthora palmivora at a concentration of 0.125% (v/v).

Determination of Pyrantel in Swine Liver by Flame Ionization Gas Chromatography and Confirmation by Gas Chromatography /Mass Spectrometry

1990 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 883-886
Author(s):  
Susan S.C Tai ◽  
Nancy Cargile ◽  
Charlie J Barnes ◽  
Philip Kijak
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ionization Method ◽  
Swine Liver

Abstract During an evaluation of the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) confirmatory procedure of Lynch and Bartoluccl for pyrantel residues in swine tissues, we developed a GC flame Ionization method for quantltatlng pyrantel residues In extracts of swine liver. The method was subjected to trial principally In the laboratories of Biospherics, Inc., using control liver, fortified control liver, and Incurred liver tissue samples. Although the method does not meet all of the current Food and Drug Administration criteria, it compares favorably to the official determinative method. Portions of the same extract can be used for quantitation and for GC/MS confirmation, true recoveries appear to be slightly higher, and an internal standard Is not required. The precision of this method equals or exceeds that of the official determinative method.

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