scholarly journals 229 Solid Matrix Priming of Gourd Seeds for Fast and Uniform Germination

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 481E-481
Author(s):  
Hae-Jeen Bang ◽  
Soo-Jung Hwang ◽  
Hyun-Sook Ham ◽  
Jung-Myung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Dry Heat ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Early Germination ◽  
Chemical Solutions ◽  
Dry Heat Treatment ◽  
Cotyledon Expansion

Grafting is common in all cucurbits in Asia, and gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) is the most popular rootstock for watermelons. Since the grafting is practiced at very early stage (right after the cotyledon expansion), uniform germination of rootstocks as well as the scions is crucial for grafting efficiency. Seeds were divided into three groups; intact, dry-heat treated (75 °C for 72 h), and brushed (575 rpm for 5 min). In each group, various solid matrix priming (SMP) treatments were imposed. Microcel E was used for SMP treatment with water or chemical solutions (10 seed: 1 Microcel E: 3 water, by weight). SMP treatment promoted earlier seed germination in all tested cultivars, thus resulting in higher rate of graftable seedlings. Brushing before SMP further enhanced earlier and uniform seed germination. Dry heat treatment, which can eliminated the seed-borne Fusarium spp. and virus, significantly delayed the early germination although the final germination percentage was not influenced. The characteristics of seedlings will also be presented.

scholarly journals 239 Seed Germination and Seedling Characteristics of Cucurbits as Affected by Dry Heat Treatment and Subsequent Handling

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 432C-432
Author(s):  
Hae-Jeen Bang ◽  
Soo-Jung Hwang ◽  
Hyun-Sook Ham ◽  
Jung-Myung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Dry Heat ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Emergence Rate ◽  
Normal Seed ◽  
Cultivar Susceptibility ◽  
Dry Heat Treatment ◽  
Seedling Characteristics

Dry heat treatment has been commonly used to inactivate some seed-borne pathogens in vegetable seeds. Virtually all the gourd seeds for watermelon rootstock are being treated with dry heat to inactivate cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV, a strain of tobamovirus) and Fusarium. Seeds of five gourd and one squash cultivars were treated with dry heat (35 °C for 24 h + 50 °C for 24 h + 75 °C for 72 h) and, immediately after the dry heat treatment, the seeds (moisture content of 1% or lower) were allowed to absorb atmospheric moisture in a moisture saturated chamber until the seed moisture contents reached 2% to 8%. After the equilibrium obtained, the seeds were sealed in air-tight bags and stored for 1 day or 30 days at 20 °C. The seeds were then sown in cell trays and the emergence and seedling characteristics were evaluated. Dry heat treatment caused significant delay in emergence in all tested cultivars, but had little or no influence on the final emergence rate. Moderate to severe injury was observed in seedlings grown from dry heat-treated seeds in three out of six cultivars tested. However, little or no dry heat phytotoxicity was observed in other cultivars, thus suggesting the marked differences in cultivar susceptibility to dry heat treatment. Rapid humidification before sealing also appeared to reduce the early emergence rate in some cultivars, but had no effect on the final emergence rate in most cultivars. Storage of dry heat-treated seeds in sealed bags for 30 days before sowing was highly effective in minimizing the phytotoxicity symptoms in seedlings as compared to the seedlings grown from the seeds sown immediately after the dry heat treatment. This suggests that the reestablishment of metabolic process required for normal seed germination requires a long period after the dry heat treatment. Other characteristics associated with DH treatment will also be presented.

scholarly journals Effect of dry heat treatment along with some dormancy breaking chemicals on oil palm seed germination

2017 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 489-493
Author(s):  
K.M. Tabi ◽  
G.F. Ngando Ebongue ◽  
G.N. Ntsomboh ◽  
E. Youmbi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Dry Heat ◽  
Dry Heat Treatment

scholarly journals Germination, Outgrowth, and Vegetative-Growth Kinetics of Dry-Heat-Treated Individual Spores ofBacillusSpecies

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin He ◽  
Zhan Chen ◽  
Shiwei Wang ◽  
Muying Wu ◽  
Peter Setlow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dry Heat ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Interference Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Dry Heat Treatment ◽  
Kinetics Of

ABSTRACTDNA damage kills dry-heated spores ofBacillus subtilis, but dry-heat-treatment effects on spore germination and outgrowth have not been studied. This is important, since if dry-heat-killed spores germinate and undergo outgrowth, toxic proteins could be synthesized. Here, Raman spectroscopy and differential interference contrast microscopy were used to study germination and outgrowth of individual dry-heat-treatedB. subtilisandBacillus megateriumspores. The major findings in this work were as follows: (i) spores dry-heat-treated at 140°C for 20 min lost nearly all viability but retained their Ca2+-dipicolinic acid (CaDPA) depot; (ii) in most cases, dry-heat treatment increased the average times and variability of all major germination events inB. subtilisspore germination with nutrient germinants or CaDPA, and in one nutrient germination event withB. megateriumspores; (iii)B. subtilisspore germination with dodecylamine, which activates the spore CaDPA release channel, was unaffected by dry-heat treatment; (iv) these results indicate that dry-heat treatment likely damages spore proteins important in nutrient germinant recognition and cortex peptidoglycan hydrolysis, but not CaDPA release itself; and (v) analysis of single spores incubated on nutrient-rich agar showed that while dry-heat-treated spores that are dead can complete germination, they cannot proceed into outgrowth and thus not to vegetative growth. The results of this study provide new information on the effects of dry heat on bacterial spores and indicate that dry-heat sterilization regimens should produce spores that cannot outgrow and thus cannot synthesize potentially dangerous proteins.IMPORTANCEMuch research has shown that high-temperature dry heat is a promising means for the inactivation of spores on medical devices and spacecraft decontamination. Dry heat is known to killBacillus subtilisspores by DNA damage. However, knowledge about the effects of dry-heat treatment on spore germination and outgrowth is limited, especially at the single spore level. In the current work, Raman spectroscopy and differential interference contrast microscopy were used to analyze CaDPA levels in and kinetics of nutrient- and non-nutrient germination of multiple individual dry-heat-treatedB. subtilisandBacillus megateriumspores that were largely dead. The outgrowth and subsequent cell division of these germinated but dead dry-heat-treated spores were also examined. The knowledge obtained in this study will help understand the effects of dry heat on spores both on Earth and in space, and indicates that dry heat can be safely used for sterilization purposes.

scholarly journals Enhanced Celery Germination at Stress Temperature via Solid Matrix Priming

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Parera ◽  
Ping Qiao ◽  
Daniel J. Cantliffe
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Calcined Clay ◽  
Celery Seed ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Celery Seeds

To alleviate high-temperature-induced reductions in seed germination, emergence, and seedling uniformity in celery (Apium graveolens L.), seeds were primed via solid matrix priming (SMP); 0.5 g celery seeds was incubated at 15C with 10 g calcined clay and 2 ml water. After 2 days, 1, 2, 3, or 4 ml water or 1% NaOCl solution was added and seeds were kept for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 additional days. The germination percentage and coefficient of germination velocity (COV) were calculated for each treatment at 15 and 30C. The seeds primed with NaOCl gained significantly less moisture after 8 days of priming than those treated with water, regardless of the volume added. Germination of nonprimed seeds was 83% and 2% at 15 and 30C, respectively. Final germination at 30C increased to >80% when seeds were primed with 3 or 4 ml NaOCl solution or 3 ml water for >10 days. SMP treatment significantly reduced the negative effect of high temperature on celery seed germination.

scholarly journals Solid Matrix Priming Hastens Canterbury Bells Seed Germination

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa L. Bosma ◽  
Janet C. Cole ◽  
Kenneth E. Conway ◽  
John M. Dole
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Calcined Clay ◽  
Water Potentials

Canterbury bells (Campanula medium `Champion Blue') seeds were primed using calcined clay at 68 °F (20 °C) for 1, 3, or 5 days at water potentials (Ψ) of -25, -20, -18, or -16 bars (-2.5, -2.0, -1.8, or -1.6 MPa). Germination was fastest (3.0 to 3.1 days) after priming with a Ψ of -18 or -16 bars for 5 days. Seeds primed for 3 or 5 days with moisture present germinated faster than nonprimed seeds, but time to 50% germination (T50) was longer when seeds were primed for 1 day regardless of Ψ compared to nonprimed seed. Germination uniformity decreased (time from 10% to 90% germination, T10-90, increased) as Ψ increased. Although a curvilinear relationship existed between T10-90 and priming duration, T10-90 did not differ between nonprimed seeds and seeds in any priming treatment except those primed for 3 days with 20% moisture (-16 bars). Priming did not affect total germination percentage (97%).

scholarly journals The Effect of Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl) and Heat Treatments on Seed Germination of Rice: An Approach to Restore Seed Viability

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Monoj Sutradhar ◽  
Subhasis Samanta ◽  
Brijesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Md. Nasim Ali ◽  
Nirmal Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Breaking Seed Dormancy ◽  
One Year

Dormancy in rice serves as a mechanism of survival by protecting the seed from germinating in the mother plants; however, it becomes a problem in germination during sowing in soil or under in vitro conditions. This study was conducted to determine the effect of heat treatment and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) treatment of seeds on dormancy alleviation. The seeds included both freshly harvested seeds and one-year-old stored seeds, which were tested for germination after different types of seed treatments. Both the treatments increased the germination percentage in seeds, however, it was lesser in the case of old seeds. The best results were obtained from 2% NaOCl treatment for 24 hrs in new seeds, i.e. 92.84±0.103 % germination percentage (GP). However, the higher GP in old seeds were obtained from 48 hrs of heat-treated seeds i.e. 82.9±0.509 % GP. The results of the experiment revealed that rice seeds start to lose viability within a year due to seed dormancy, but this can be reversed with proper measures. These methods of breaking seed dormancy can be considered effective to break seed dormancy and improve seed germination in rice.

Wheat Bran Stabilization and its Use in the Preparation of High-Fiber Pasta

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Sudha ◽  
P.R. Ramasarma ◽  
G. Venkateswara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Dry Heat ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Dry Heat Treatment

Wheat bran was explored as a source of fiber in the preparation of high-fiber pasta. Ground raw wheat bran having an ash content 5.99%, crude protein 15.1% and fat content 5.83% was subjected to moist heat treatment (steam heat-treated bran) and dry heat treatment (dry heat-treated bran), wherein the lipase activity was reduced by 50%. Treated bran samples were stable for 3 months without developing any rancid flavor and bitterness. Pasta samples were prepared by substituting semolina with 40% and 50% of bran samples. There was no further significant inactivation of lipase activity upon extrusion followed by drying of pasta, irrespective of the type and the amount of bran sample used. The cooked weights of the pasta were in the range 257—268 g/100 g, whereas the cooking loss decreased from 12.8% to 9.3% for treated bran-incorporated pasta. Sensory scores for pasta containing treated bran samples were higher. The total dietary fiber increased by 5.2 times upon replacement of semolina by 40% of treated wheat bran. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis studies showed faint bands in treated bran samples as well as treated bran-incorporated pasta samples.

scholarly journals Studying of the promotion mechanism of Bacillus subtilis QM3 on wheat seed germination based on β-amylase

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 553-560
Author(s):  
Ya-Jing Li ◽  
Qing-Ping Hu
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Early Germination ◽  
Amylase Isoenzymes ◽  
Promotion Mechanism ◽  
Wheat Seeds

AbstractThe response of β-amylase in early stage germination of wheat seeds to Bacillus subtilis QM3 was mainly focused on to elucidate the promotion mechanism of B. subtilis QM3. The results showed that the changes in apparent activity of amylase and endosperm liquefaction after the strain QM3 treatment were much more obvious than that of the control group; the activity of β-amylase treated with the different concentrations of the strain QM3 increased significantly (P < 0.05) by 4% (107 CFU/mL) and 18.5% (106 CFU/mL) at the germination 6 h. Moreover, after presoaking with α-cyclodextrin, the activity of β-amylase increased significantly (P < 0.05) by 18.5% (107 CFU/mL) and 23.4% (106 CFU/mL) at the same stage of germination; the electrophoretogram of β-amylase isoenzymes showed that there is a growing trend in brightness and width of the band during the early germination from 3 to 6 h of wheat seed treated by the strain QM3 (106 CFU/mL). The increase in activity and isoenzyme expression of β-amylase may be one of the important reasons to promote the germination of wheat seeds after being treated by B. subtilis QM3.

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