Enhanced Celery Germination at Stress Temperature via Solid Matrix Priming

To alleviate high-temperature-induced reductions in seed germination, emergence, and seedling uniformity in celery (Apium graveolens L.), seeds were primed via solid matrix priming (SMP); 0.5 g celery seeds was incubated at 15C with 10 g calcined clay and 2 ml water. After 2 days, 1, 2, 3, or 4 ml water or 1% NaOCl solution was added and seeds were kept for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 additional days. The germination percentage and coefficient of germination velocity (COV) were calculated for each treatment at 15 and 30C. The seeds primed with NaOCl gained significantly less moisture after 8 days of priming than those treated with water, regardless of the volume added. Germination of nonprimed seeds was 83% and 2% at 15 and 30C, respectively. Final germination at 30C increased to >80% when seeds were primed with 3 or 4 ml NaOCl solution or 3 ml water for >10 days. SMP treatment significantly reduced the negative effect of high temperature on celery seed germination.

Download Full-text

ENHANCED GERMINATION OF CELERY AT STRESS TEMPERATURE VIA SOLID MATRIX PRIMING

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.6.577e ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 577e-577

Author(s):

Daniel J. Cantliffe ◽

Ping Oiao ◽

Carlos A. Parera

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Apium Graveolens ◽

Solid Matrix ◽

Time Interval ◽

Celery Seed ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Negative Effect

The high temperature severely reduces seed germination, emergence, and seedling uniformity in celery (Apium graveolens L.). Celery seeds were primed via solid matrix priming (SMP) using water or 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution at 1, 2, 3 or 4 ml rate for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 days. Moisture content of the seeds was calculated for each priming treatment and time interval. After priming, the seeds were dried back to the original dry weight. The germination percentage was calculated for each treatment at two different temperatures (15 and 30C). The seed primed with NaOCl gained significantly less moisture during priming than the water treatment. Seeds primed with NaOCl had significantly greater germination at both 15 and 30C, compared to seeds primed with water. The germination percentage of non-primed seeds was 83% and 2% at 15C and 30C, respectively. The final germination percentage at 30C was increase to 85% when the seeds were primed with 3 ml of NaOCl for 14 days. The combination of SMP with NaOCl significantly reduced the negative effect of high temperature on celery seed germination.

Download Full-text

Solid Matrix Priming Hastens Canterbury Bells Seed Germination

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.12.2.268 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 268-270 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Theresa L. Bosma ◽

Janet C. Cole ◽

Kenneth E. Conway ◽

John M. Dole

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Solid Matrix ◽

Curvilinear Relationship ◽

Calcined Clay ◽

Water Potentials

Canterbury bells (Campanula medium `Champion Blue') seeds were primed using calcined clay at 68 °F (20 °C) for 1, 3, or 5 days at water potentials (Ψ) of -25, -20, -18, or -16 bars (-2.5, -2.0, -1.8, or -1.6 MPa). Germination was fastest (3.0 to 3.1 days) after priming with a Ψ of -18 or -16 bars for 5 days. Seeds primed for 3 or 5 days with moisture present germinated faster than nonprimed seeds, but time to 50% germination (T50) was longer when seeds were primed for 1 day regardless of Ψ compared to nonprimed seed. Germination uniformity decreased (time from 10% to 90% germination, T10-90, increased) as Ψ increased. Although a curvilinear relationship existed between T10-90 and priming duration, T10-90 did not differ between nonprimed seeds and seeds in any priming treatment except those primed for 3 days with 20% moisture (-16 bars). Priming did not affect total germination percentage (97%).

Download Full-text

Effect of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii on seed germination in celery (Apium graveolens)

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b82-005 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 34-39

Author(s):

T. J. Orton

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Plant Disease ◽

Apium Graveolens ◽

Potato Dextrose Broth ◽

Disease Response ◽

Whole Plant ◽

Celery Seed ◽

Dependent Inhibition ◽

Whole Plants

The effects of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii on celery seed germination were investigated with the hope of developing a germ-plasm screening procedure with seeds. Seeds of celery lines known to exhibit a range of disease responses to the pathogen as whole plants were inoculated with two different virulence types and in two ways: (1) spore–mycelial suspensions in potato dextrose broth (PDB), and (2) spore–mycelial suspensions in sterile H2O. Inoculum in PDB retarded germination in all celery lines and the relative degree of this retardation was congruent with virulence of the pathogen and, in general, relative retardation of germination was also in agreement with whole-plant disease response. Inoculum in H2O stimulated germination and the degree of stimulation also appeared related to degree of whole-plant disease response. Extracts from disease lesions incited by F. oxysporum f. sp. apii on celery exerted a dose-dependent inhibition of germination but filtrates from 14-day-old cultures in PDB had no significant effect.

Download Full-text

229 Solid Matrix Priming of Gourd Seeds for Fast and Uniform Germination

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.34.3.481e ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 481E-481

Author(s):

Hae-Jeen Bang ◽

Soo-Jung Hwang ◽

Hyun-Sook Ham ◽

Jung-Myung Lee

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Early Stage ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Solid Matrix ◽

Dry Heat ◽

Heat Treated ◽

Early Germination ◽

Chemical Solutions ◽

Dry Heat Treatment ◽

Cotyledon Expansion

Grafting is common in all cucurbits in Asia, and gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) is the most popular rootstock for watermelons. Since the grafting is practiced at very early stage (right after the cotyledon expansion), uniform germination of rootstocks as well as the scions is crucial for grafting efficiency. Seeds were divided into three groups; intact, dry-heat treated (75 °C for 72 h), and brushed (575 rpm for 5 min). In each group, various solid matrix priming (SMP) treatments were imposed. Microcel E was used for SMP treatment with water or chemical solutions (10 seed: 1 Microcel E: 3 water, by weight). SMP treatment promoted earlier seed germination in all tested cultivars, thus resulting in higher rate of graftable seedlings. Brushing before SMP further enhanced earlier and uniform seed germination. Dry heat treatment, which can eliminated the seed-borne Fusarium spp. and virus, significantly delayed the early germination although the final germination percentage was not influenced. The characteristics of seedlings will also be presented.

Download Full-text

Effect of priming regimes on seed germination of field crops

African Crop Science Journal ◽

10.4314/acsj.v28i2.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 169-176

Author(s):

N. Nyoni ◽

E. Ndlovu ◽

M. Maphosa

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Low Cost ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Solid Matrix ◽

Field Crops ◽

Volume Weight ◽

Shallow Soils ◽

Parameter Values ◽

Semi Arid

Germination, early emergence and stand establishment of crops are major yield determining factors in semi-arid and arid rainfed areas. Farmers in marginal and low input areas tend to have poor germination due to poor and shallow soils. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of priming regimes on seed germination of field crops. A study was conducted at Lupane State University, Biotechnology Laboratory in 2019. Treatments included seed priming techniques, namely hydropriming, halopriming (2% NaCl solution) osmopriming (10% PEG 6000), and solid matrix priming (18% volume/weight sand); and timing at 6, 12, 24 hours for maize and 2, 4, 6 hours for cowpea, sorghum and millet. Solid matrix priming, followed by hydropriming significantly (P<0.05) improved germination parameters (germination percentage, daily germination, peak value and germination speed) of all crops. Halopriming and osmopriming were similar in their ineffectiveness, and resulted in the least germination parameter values. Six hour solid matrix priming in 18% v/w sand was the most effective method among most crops; suggesting that solid matrix priming is an effective and possibly low cost technology, with potential to improve germination of field crops. Key words: Seed hydration, semi-arid, solid matrix priming

Download Full-text

Priming Leek Seed for Improved Germination and Emergence at High Temperature

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.10.1077 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (10) ◽

pp. 1077-1079 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Carlos A. Parera ◽

Daniel J. Cantliffe

Keyword(s):

Polyethylene Glycol ◽

High Temperature ◽

Seed Germination ◽

High Temperatures ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Controlled Environment ◽

Greenhouse Study ◽

Growth Chambers ◽

Coefficient Of Velocity ◽

Peg 8000

`Verina' leek (AIlium porrum L.) seed germination is normally reduced at temperatures > 25C. Leek seeds were primed in aerated solutions (1.5 MPa, 10 days at 15C) of d-mannitol (mannitol), polyethylene glycol-8000 (PEG), KNO, and a nonaerated solution of PEG-8000 (PEG). At high temperatures mannitol, PEG, and PEG significantly enhanced germination percentage relative to KNO, or the control. At constant 30C, the mannitol, PEG, and PEG treatments increased final germination almost 10 times and the coefficient of velocity (COV) was improved compared to KNO, and the control. 10 growth chambers with alternating day/night temperatures (38 to 28C or 32 to 22C, 10 to 14 hours, respectively), primed seeds had significantly higher emergence and a larger COV than the control. In a greenhouse study under good conditions for germination, total emergence of primed and nonprimed seeds was similar; however, mannitol, PEG, and PEG led to a significantly higher COV than the control or KNO, treatments. These controlled-environment results demonstrate that priming leek seeds via mannitol, PEG, and PEG may promote early emergence at high temperature and improve stand uniformity for container transplant production.

Download Full-text

Application and use of sulphuric acid pretreatment to improve seed germination of three acacia species

REFORESTA ◽

10.21750/refor.3.01.25 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Abdenour Kheloufi ◽

Lahouaria Mounia Mansouri ◽

Faiza Zineb Boukhatem

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Sulphuric Acid ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Water Control ◽

Acid Pretreatment ◽

Acacia Species ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Mean Time ◽

Positive Effect

The experiments were led to study the effect of pretreatments and their duration on germination behavior of three Acacia species A. cyanophylla Lindl., A. farnesiana L. and A. decurrens Willd. by analyzing three parameters (GP: germination percentage; MGT: germination mean time (days) and GRI: germination rate index) for various times of incubation (5, 10 and 15 days) in Petri dishes. Pre-sowing treatment included immersion in concentrated sulphuric acid for 60, 90 and 120 minutes. The sowing in distilled water (Control) had no positive effect on the germination induction. Generally, the seed pretreatments were very useful to improve germination. Time of immersion significantly (P < 0.0001) affected GP, MGT and GRI in all species. Increasing the duration of sulphuric acid immersion (from 60 to 120 min) improved the germination percentages for A. cyanophylla and A. farnesiana seeds to (98% and 99%), respectively. However, increasing this duration had a negative effect on A. decurrens seed germination, reducing the final germination percentage from 97% at 60 minutes of immersion to 43% at 120 minutes.

Download Full-text

Effect of Temperature, Light, and Storage Time on the Seed Germination of Pinus bungeana Zucc. ex Endl.: The Role of Seed-Covering Layers and Abscisic Acid Changes

Forests ◽

10.3390/f11030300 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 300 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Congcong Guo ◽

Yongbao Shen ◽

Fenghou Shi

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

High Temperature ◽

Seed Germination ◽

High Temperatures ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Inhibition Mechanism ◽

Radicle Protrusion ◽

Pinus Bungeana ◽

And Storage

Pinus bungeana Zucc. ex Endl. is an endemic conifer tree species in China with high ornamental value. In order to investigate favorable conditions for seed germination and explore the germination inhibition mechanism of this species at high temperatures, the effects of temperature, light, and storage on the mean germination time (MGT), speed of germination (SG), and total germination percentage (TGP) are evaluated here. Seeds that have either been kept still or entered into a state of dormancy at high temperature are assessed here by a recovery experiment. Furthermore, the contribution of covering layers on thermo-inhibition is analyzed here, including the way they work. This has been realized by the structural observation and via the determination of the abscisic acid (ABA) content. The results show that seeds germinate to a high percentage (approximately 90%) at temperatures of 15 or 20 °C, with or without light, whereas higher temperatures of 25 or 30 °C impeded radicle protrusion and resulted in the germination percentage decreasing sharply (within 5%). Inhibition at high temperatures was thoroughly reversed (bringing about approximately 80% germination) by placing the ungerminated seeds in favorable temperatures and incubating them for an additional 30 days. Dry cold storage did little to reduce the temperature request for germination. Embryo coverings, especially the nucellar membrane, and ABA levels both had a dominant role in seed germination regulation in response to temperature. Under favorable temperature conditions, the levels of ABA significantly decreased. Germination occurred when the levels dropped to a threshold of 15 ng/g (FW (Fresh Weight)). Incubation at a high temperature (25 °C) greatly increased ABA levels and caused the inhibition of radicle protrusion.

Download Full-text

Varietal Differences in Light Requirements for Germination of Celery (Apium graveolens L.) Seeds and the Effects of Thermal and Solute Stress

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/pp9770821 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 821 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

E Pressman ◽

M Negbi ◽

M Sachs ◽

JV Jacobsen

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Seed Germination ◽

White Light ◽

Apium Graveolens ◽

Optimal Temperature ◽

Light Effect ◽

Light Requirement ◽

Continuous Irradiation ◽

Light Requirements ◽

Phytochrome System

Seed germination in one wild and two cultivated varieties of celery (Apium graveolens L.) was found to be light-dependent and mediated through the phytochrome system. Seeds of cv. Florida at 20°C were very sensitive to light and germination could be promoted by green safe light as well as by short far-red irradiation of brief duration, while seeds of wild celery did not respond to far-red and were less responsive to green safe light. At the optimal temperature, continuous irradiation with white light caused maximal germination in all varieties. The need for light could be satisfied in cv. Florida by two daily short irradiations. In wild celery, more than six short irradiations were needed, while in cv. Alabaster short irradiations did not bring about the full light effect. Daily alternating temperatures also could replace the light requirement. Two varieties, cv. Florida and the wild, differ in their tolerance to high temperature. Seed germination of wild celery is more thermophilic than that of cv. Florida. Thermodormancy is induced by 35°C of shorter duration in seeds of cv. Florida than in those of wild celery. Light enhanced the induction of thermodormancy. Solute stress increased the number of short irradiations required for germination.

Download Full-text

Carrot seed germination and ethylene production at high temperature in response to seed osmopriming

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-05362013000400008 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 554-558 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Warley M Nascimento ◽

Donald J Huber ◽

Daniel J Cantliffe

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Seed Germination ◽

High Temperatures ◽

Daucus Carota ◽

Ethylene Production ◽

Primary Root ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Light Conditions ◽

Carrot Seed

Carrot (Daucus carota) seed germination can be erratic or reduced under temperatures above 35ºC. Priming circumvents seed thermoinhibition in several crops, including carrot. The involvement of ethylene in germination at supra-optimal temperatures has been reported in other species, but its role in carrot seed germination has not been examined. The objective of this study was to determine whether priming-mediated improvement in carrot seed germination at high temperature was associated with increased ethylene production. Seeds of two tropical carrot genotypes (Alvorada and Brasília) were incubated over a range of temperatures. 'Brasilia' seeds were primed for 72 hours in aerated PEG solution at 15ºC under light conditions and germination tested at 20 and 35ºC. Seeds of a thermosensitive genotype 'Arrowhead' were primed for 0, 4, 8 and 12 days in aerated PEG 6000 solutions at 15ºC under light conditions. Seeds were incubated at 20 and 35ºC, and ethylene production was measured immediately before visible primary root protrusion. Temperatures above 30ºC decreased seed germination percentage of 'Alvorada' and 'Brasilia'. Priming increased 'Brasilia' seed germination at 35ºC. 'Arrowhead' germinated 96% at 20ºC, and 13% at 35ºC. Seed germination and ethylene production of 'Arrowhead', a thermosensitive genotype, increased in response to increased duration of priming. The results suggest that seed priming circumvents thermoinhibition of carrot seed germination by increasing ethylene production at high temperatures.

Download Full-text