scholarly journals Ethephon Concentrates and Advances Harvest for Limited Cluster Greenhouse Tomato Crops

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1650-1651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Logan S. Logendra ◽  
Jonathan G. Mun ◽  
Thomas J. Gianfagna ◽  
Harry W. Janes
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Greenhouse Tomato ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ethephon Treatment ◽  
Single Cluster

Ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) was applied to single cluster greenhouse tomato crops (1000 ppm) at the green mature stage of fruit development or when 35% of the plants had fruits at the breaker stage. Fruits were harvested at the pink stage. Untreated fruit were harvested from 95 to 116 days after sowing whereas fruit from the green mature ethephon treatment were harvested from 92 to 102 days, three days earlier and with a reduction in the harvest window from 22 to 11 days. Fruit treated with ethephon at 35% breaker were harvested at the same time as untreated fruit, but harvest was completed after only 12 days. Fruit yield from the green mature ethephon treatment was reduced by about 30%, but there was no significant difference in fruit yield as a result of ethephon treatment at 35% breaker. Fruit color, firmness and soluble solids were evaluated one and six days after harvest. Fruit firmness and soluble solids were unaffected by treatment; however, fruit from the ethephon treatments were significantly redder in color. In a second experiment, ethephon was applied at 500 or 1000 ppm when 100% of the plants had fruit at the breaker stage. Fruit were harvested over a 7-day time interval compared to untreated fruit that were harvested over 14 days, and there was a small but significant increase in fruit yield for the 1000 ppm treatment. Both ethephon treatments also increased fruit soluble solids. For limited cluster tomato production systems, ethephon is effective in reducing the harvest window without loss in postharvest fruit quality.

scholarly journals Greenhouse Tomato Limited Cluster Production Systems: Crop Management Practices Affect Yield

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 893-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Logan S. Logendra ◽  
Thomas J. Gianfagna ◽  
David R. Specca ◽  
Harry W. Janes
Keyword(s):  
Harvest Index ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Greenhouse Tomato ◽  
Single Cluster

Limited-cluster production systems may be a useful strategy to increase crop production and profitability for the greenhouse tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). In this study, using an ebb-and-flood hydroponics system, we modified plant architecture and spacing and determined the effects on fruit yield and harvest index at two light levels. Single-cluster plants pruned to allow two leaves above the cluster had 25% higher fruit yields than did plants pruned directly above the cluster; this was due to an increase in fruit weight, not fruit number. Both fruit yield and harvest index were greater for all single-cluster plants at the higher light level because of increases in both fruit weight and fruit number. Fruit yield for two-cluster plants was 30% to 40% higher than for singlecluster plants, and there was little difference in the dates or length of the harvest period. Fruit yield for three-cluster plants was not significantly different from that of two-cluster plants; moreover, the harvest period was delayed by 5 days. Plant density (5.5, 7.4, 9.2 plants/m2) affected fruit yield/plant, but not fruit yield/unit area. Given the higher costs for materials and labor associated with higher plant densities, a two-cluster crop at 5.5 plants/m2 with two leaves above the cluster was the best of the production system strategies tested.

scholarly journals Effects of grafting on different rootstocks on tomato fruit yield and quality

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 142-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Turhan ◽  
N. Ozmen ◽  
M.S. Serbeci ◽  
V. Seniz
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of the study was to find effects of tomato grafting on another cultivar. The tomato cultivars used as scions were Yeni Talya, Swanson and Beril. Cultivars used as rootstocks were Beaufort and Arnold. Cleft grafting methods were applied. The following characteristics of grafted and nongrafted plants were recorded: fruit index, number of fruits/truss, fruit weight, fruit yield, dry matter, pH, concentration of soluble solids, titratable acidity, total sugar and lycopene and vitamin C. The results showed that fruit yield and fruit index, number of fruits/truss and fruit weights were improved by grafting. Fruit quality, measured in terms of dry matter, concentration of soluble solids, total sugar, and vitamin C content, was lower in the fruits of grafted plants than in nongrafted ones. No significant difference in lycopene and pH content was found. Titratable acid content was improved by grafting. A positive effect of grafting was recorded when Beaufort was used as rootstock. These results showed that grafting could be an advantageous alternative in tomato production.

scholarly journals Morphological, Leaf Nutrient, and Fruit Quality Characteristics of Diverse Tomato Cultivars under Organic Low-Input Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 12326
Author(s):  
Leangsrun Chea ◽  
Cut Erika ◽  
Marcel Naumann ◽  
Inga Smit ◽  
Bernd Horneburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Tomato Cultivars

Increasing fruit yield and quality of tomatoes under organic low-input conditions remains a challenge for producers and breeders. Therefore, it is necessary to identify superior tomato cultivars that are suitable for production and use as parents in breeding programmes. In the present study, the variations in plant morphology and fruit quality characteristics of tomato cultivars were assessed to reveal the traits associated with improved yield and fruit quality. Sixty diverse tomato cultivars were screened in 2015, and in 2016, a subset of 20 cultivars was selected for further evaluation under organic low-input conditions. The results showed high variability among cultivars in all 28 traits that were observed. Salad cultivars had lower plant growth and fruit quality (minerals, dry matter, total soluble solids, and total phenolics) by 10–70%, but they displayed 10–60% higher fruit yield and leaf minerals than cocktail cultivars. Salad tomato cultivars with superior yield and harvest index were mainly derived from breeding for intensive indoor production. Cocktail cultivars with superior yield were mainly derived from organic and outdoor breeding programs. There was a trade-off between fruit yield and quality, indicating a challenge for simultaneous improvement of yield and quality. The importance of Mg was highlighted because of its contribution to the fruit mineral concentration and fruit quality. Cultivars superior in one trait or trait combination under organic low-input conditions were identified to be used by producers and breeders as superior cultivars to meet their production targets and breeding objectives. The importance of Mg provides a novel path for further research on improving soil-available Mg in organic tomato production to enhance fruit mineral concentration and fruit quality in general.

scholarly journals Performance of Aquaculture Effluent for Tomato Production in Outdoor Raised Beds

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 624-631
Author(s):  
D. Allen Pattillo ◽  
Wheeler G. Foshee ◽  
Eugene K. Blythe ◽  
Jeremy Pickens ◽  
Daniel Wells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Nutrient Analysis ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Aquaculture Effluent

Raised bed production trials were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of effluent from a biofloc-style recirculating aquaculture system producing nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as nutrient-rich irrigation water for fall ‘Celebrity’ tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production. The objective of this study was to provide baseline vegetable production data and justification for using aquaculture effluent as a water and nutrient resource. The experiment was a split-plot, randomized block design with three treatments: aquaculture effluent, granular fertilizer, and fertigation. Tomato seeds were sown in June, transplanted in August, and grown until Oct. 2019 in nine replicated raised beds. Conventional field tomato production practices were followed throughout the trial, and data were collected for tomato fruit yield, market quality, size, leaf greenness (SPAD), and foliar nutrient analysis. Fruit yield was similar between fertigated and aquaculture effluent treatments, with granular fertilizer resulting in yield that was significantly lower (P ≤ 0.033). SPAD measurements were similar among treatments. All nutrients met or exceeded sufficiency ranges. Foliar nutrient analysis revealed no significant difference for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, boron, zinc, manganese, and iron among treatments. Sulfur and copper levels were significantly lower (P < 0.05) with aquaculture effluent treatment as compared with the granular and fertigated treatments. Overall, tomato production using aquaculture effluent as a water and nutrient supplement produced similar yields to commercial practices, making it potentially viable for producers.

scholarly journals Postharvest Quality and Safety of Potted Greenhouse Tomato Grown on Forest Soil-Biosolids substrate, Blended with NPK Fertilizer

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Caleb Otieno ◽  
Samuel Nyalala ◽  
Joseph Wolukau
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Greenhouse Tomato ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

Studies on the effects of biosolids (BS) amended substrate on food quality and safety in tomato production have not been adequately addressed. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence composted BS and NPK fertilizer in forest soil on post-harvest quality and safety of potted greenhouse tomatoes. Potted tomatoes ‘Maxim F1’were grown in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Inorganic fertilizer NPK fertilizer was applied at 0, 100 and 200 kg ha-1; BS was applied at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% v/v, in all possible combinations. Tomato were harvested and analyzed for ascorbic acid, chlorophylls, carotenoids and total phenolic compounds; weight loss, fruit firmness, titratable acidity  and total soluble solids, as well as heavy metals and microbial contaminants. Results revealed that tomato fruit at 10% BS in combination with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1had highest β-carotene (6.1 mg 100 g-1), lycopene (26.1 mg 100 g-1), ascorbic acids (128.0 mg 100 g-1), total phenolic acids (13.2 mg 100 g-1), total soluble solids (17%). However, the same rates produced tomato fruits with lower titratable acidity (2.2%) and had heavy metal residues within the permissible level, according to International EPA standards on biosolids utilization on food crops production. Similarly, no trace of targeted bacteria; Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus was observed on the ready to eat tomato. This study reveals BS 10% with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1 substrate as a better option of plant nutrient source for quality and safe greenhouse tomato production. 

scholarly journals Response of Tomato Variety (Roma F) Yield to Different Mulch Materials and Staking in Kabba, Kogi State, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ogundare S. K. ◽  
Babatunde I. J. ◽  
Etukudo O. O.
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Tomato Variety ◽  
Significant Difference

This experiment was carried out at student’s experimental field, Kabba College of Agriculture, Horticultural Section to investigate the response of tomato variety (Roma F) yield to different mulch materials and staking. A split plot experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications to randomize the staking levels and mulch materials in the main and sub-plots, respectively. The experiment comprised of two staking levels, i.e. stick staking (SST) and no- stick staking (NST) and six mulch materials, i.e. black polyethylene, white polyethylene, maize straw, palm fronts, grasses and no mulch. The parameters taken on soil physical and chemical properties are soil moisture content (%), soil temperature (O C), soil pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and soil organic matter. Growth and yield parameters taken are as follows: average plant height, number of leaves, and number of fruits, stem girth, number of fruit per plant, fruit length, fruit diameter and yield per land area. Weeds were identified and their dry weights were measured. Data were collected from ten randomly selected plants in each plot. The data were statistically analyzed using GENSTAT. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to find out the significance of variation among the treatments while the significant difference between mean treatments were separated using Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) at 5% level of probability.  The result obtained from this study indicated that mulch materials and stick staking affect significantly growth parameters of tomato, yield per plant and yield per land area.  The result also, indicated that plot mulch with black polythene performance best in terms of growth and yield and also improved soil physical properties better than either white polythene or organic mulch in the study area. It is therefore recommended that black polyethylene should be used as mulch materials for tomato production. However, better and stable fruit yield of tomato could be obtained with the practice of mulching in combination with staking. It is recommended that mulching should be carried out together with staking for higher fruit yield and black polyethylene should be use as mulch material in the study area.

DEVELOPING HYGIENE PROTOCOLS AGAINST MECHANICALLY TRANSMITTED PATHOGENS IN GREENHOUSE TOMATO PRODUCTION SYSTEMS

2015 ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Baysal-Gurel ◽  
C.J. Kurowski ◽  
R. Li ◽  
K.-S. Ling ◽  
S.A. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Greenhouse Tomato

scholarly journals Using Mini-Rockwool Blocks as Growing Media for Limited-cluster Tomato Production

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Logan S. Logendra ◽  
Thomas J. Gianfagna ◽  
Harry W. Janes
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Standard Size ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Blossom End Rot ◽  
Single Cluster ◽  
Double Cluster

Rockwool is an excellent growing medium for the hydroponic production of tomato; however, the standard size rockwool blocks [4 × 4 × 2.5 inches (10 × 10 × 6.3 cm) or 3 × 3 × 2.5 inches (7.5 × 7.5 × 6.3 cm)] are expensive. The following experiments were conducted with less expensive minirock wool blocks (MRBs), on rayon polyester material (RPM) as a bench top liner, to reduce the production cost of tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum) grown in a limited-cluster, ebb and flood hydroponic cultivation system. Fruit yield for single-cluster plants growing in MRBs [2 × 2 × 1.6 inches (5 × 5 × 4 cm) and 1.6 × 1.6 × 1.6 inches (4 × 4 × 4 cm)] was not significantly different from plants grown in larger sized blocks (3 × 3 × 2.5 inches). When the bench top was lined with RPM, roots penetrated the RPM, and an extensive root mat developed between the RPM and the bench top. The fruit yield from plants on RPM was significantly increased compared to plants without RPM due to increases in fruit size and fruit number. RPM also significantly reduced the incidence of blossom-end rot. In a second experiment, single- and double-cluster plants were grown on RPM. Fruit yield for double-cluster plants was 40% greater than for single-cluster plants due to an increase in fruit number, although the fruit were smaller in size. As in the first experiment, fruit yield for all plants grown in MRBs was not significantly different from plants grown in the larger sized blocks. MRBs and a RPM bench liner are an effective combination in the production of limited-cluster hydroponic tomatoes.

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