Effects of Nutrient Solution Concentration and Daily Light Integral on Growth and Nutrient Concentration of Several Basil Species in Hydroponic Production

Our objective was to quantify the effect of mineral nutrient concentration of a nutrient solution on the growth of basil species and cultivars grown under high and low photosynthetic daily light integrals (DLIs). Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum ‘Nufar’), lemon basil (O. ×citriodorum ‘Lime’), and holy basil (O. tenuiflorum ‘Holy’) seedlings were transplanted into nutrient-film technique (NFT) systems with different nutrient solution electrical conductivities (EC; 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, or 4.0 dS·m–1) in greenhouses with a low (≈7 mol·m–2·d–1) or high (≈15 mol·m–2·d–1) DLI. Although nutrient solution EC did not affect growth and morphology, increasing DLI did. For example, when sweet basil was grown under a high DLI, the fresh and dry weight, height, and node number increased by 144%, 178%, 20%, and 18%, respectively, compared with plants grown under the low DLI, and branching was also stimulated. In contrast, DLI had little effect on tissue nutrient concentration, although nutrient solution did. Most tissue nutrient concentrations increased with increasing EC, with the exception of Mg and Ca. For example, N in sweet basil increased by 0.6% to 0.7% whereas Mg decreased by 0.2% as EC increased from 0.5 to 4.0 dS·m–1. Across treatments and basil species, tissue nutrient concentrations were generally within recommended ranges with no visible deficiencies. Based on our results, nutrient solution concentrations for hydroponic basil production can be selected based on factors such as other species grown in the same solution or by reducing fertilizer inputs.

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Growth of Chrysanthemum at Low, Relatively Steady Nutrient Levels in a Commercial-style Substrate

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.8.877 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (8) ◽

pp. 877-880 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Kimberly A. Williams ◽

Paul V. Nelson

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Nutrient Concentration ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Solution Concentration ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Regression Curves ◽

Regression Slopes ◽

Significant Regression

Nutrient solution with a molar ratio of 10 N: 1 P: 3 K was applied in scheduled intervals at rates of 0.5, 1, 4, or 20 mm N (NO3 + NH4) to Dendranthema ×grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura `Sunny Mandalay' plants seven (7/day) or 14 times/day (14/day). These plants were compared to a 20 mm N control in which nutrient solution was applied when the soil moisture tension reached 30 kPa. Plants with 7/day had significant quadratic relationships for height, width, and dry weight, with the lowest responses at the low nutrient concentration. With 14/day, height and dry weight did not differ, although width did increase linearly with nutrient solution concentration. However, linear regression slopes for all three variables were much lower with 1Vday than with 7/day. At midcrop in both experiments, significant regression curves indicated that the lower concentrations of nutrient solution resulted in lower tissue N and K levels; however, slopes of the linear regressions were lower with 14/day than with 7/day. With 7/day, the water content (percentage) of plants in the schedule-fertilized treatments was higher in plants receiving higher nutrient concentrations, as indicated by the significant linear and quadratic regression curves. With 14/day, the water content was linearly related to solution nutrient concentration, but with a lower slope than with 7/day. These three trends indicate that steady-state nutrition was more closely achieved in a commercial-style substrate with 14/day applications of nutrient solution. These results suggest that plant growth that meets commercial expectations can be achieved at lower soil solution nutrient concentrations than currently applied.

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Relative Humidity and Nutrient Concentration Affect Nutrient Uptake and Growth of Begonia × hiemalis

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.5.524 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 524-526 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Hans R. Gislerød ◽

Leiv M. Mortensen

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Nutrient Concentration ◽

Leaf Size ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Solution Concentration ◽

Flowering Plants ◽

Flower Buds

Young plants of Begonia × hiemalis Fotsch `Schwabenland Red' were grown for 10 weeks at 60% ± 5% or 90% ± 5% relative humidity (RH) in growth rooms. Plants were watered with three nutrient solution concentrations (1, 2, and 4 mS·cm-1). Transpiration of the plants was 56% lower at the high RH level, while the concentration of the nutrient solution had less effect (10% to 20%). Plant dry weight, height, width, and leaf size were significantly higher at the higher RH. Dry weight, height, width, and leaf size of the plants were higher in the 2 mS·cm-1 than in the 1 mS·cm-1 solution when grown at high RH, but not at a lower RH. A further increase of the nutrient solution concentration either had no effect or was detrimental. The higher RH decreased the concentration of N, P, and K in leaves and stems of plants, but an increase in the concentration of the nutrient solution increased the concentration of N, P, K, and Ca in both leaves and stems. At termination of the experiment, the number of flowers and flower buds and percent of flowering plants was higher at 90% RH than at 60% RH. These values also were higher at the higher nutrient solution concentrations. Time of anthesis was not affected.

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Nutrient Solution Strength Does Not Interact with the Daily Light Integral to Affect Hydroponic Cilantro, Dill, and Parsley Growth and Tissue Mineral Nutrient Concentrations

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy9070389 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 389

Author(s):

Christopher J. Currey ◽

Kellie J. Walters ◽

Nicholas J. Flax

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Solution ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Mineral Nutrient ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Petroselinum Crispum ◽

Anethum Graveolens ◽

Daily Light Integral ◽

Nutrient Film Technique ◽

Growing Environment ◽

Light Integral

Our objectives were to quantify the growth and tissue mineral nutrient concentrations of cilantro (Coriandrum sativum ‘Santo’), dill (Anethum graveolens ‘Fernleaf’), and parsley (Petroselinum crispum ‘Giant of Italy’) in response to nutrient solution electrical conductivity (EC) under low and high photosynthetic daily light integrals (DLI). Three-week old seedlings of cilantro, dill, and parsley were transplanted into nutrient-film technique hydroponic systems with one of five nutrient solution EC treatments (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, or 4.0 dS·m−1) in greenhouses under a low (~7.0 mol·m−2·d−1) or high (~18.0 mol·m−2·d−1) DLI. The DLI, but not nutrient solution EC, affected culinary herb growth. For example, fresh mass increased by 21.0 (154%), 17.1 (241%), or 13.3 g (120%) for cilantro, dill, and parsley, respectively, for plants grown under high DLI compared to those grown under a low DLI; dry mass followed a similar trend. Tissue nutrient concentrations were generally affected by either DLI or EC. For those nutrients affected by DLI, concentrations increased with increasing DLI, except for potassium (K; all species) and manganese (Mn; dill). For those nutrients affected by EC, Ca and Mg decreased with increasing EC, while the remaining increased with increasing EC. When our tissue nutrient data are compared to recommended tissue concentrations, the vast majority of elements were either within or above recommended tissue ranges for cilantro, dill, and parsley. Our results demonstrate cilantro, dill, and parsley can be successfully grown across a range of EC, regardless of the light intensity of the growing environment.

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GROWTH OF SPINACH (AMARANTHUS TRICOLOR L.) UNDER VARIOUS APPLICATIONS OF NUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS IN HYDROPONIC SYSTEM OF NUTRIENT FILM TECHNIQUE

AGROLAND The Agricultural Sciences Journal ◽

10.22487/j24077593.2017.v4.i2.9542 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 75

Author(s):

Sindy Sella Rukmi ◽

Aiyen Aiyen ◽

Abdul Rauf

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Design Method ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Hydroponic System ◽

Nutrient Film Technique ◽

Research Findings ◽

Good Concentration ◽

Main Plot

The research aimed to discover the response of the growth of two spinach species on Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) hydroponic system and the concentration of the appropriate AB Mix solution on each species. The research was conducted in January to February 2016, at Green House, Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University by using Split Plot Design method. The main plot was red and green spinach, while the subplot was the concentration of AB Mix nutrient solution, namely 4 ml/L of water, 5 ml/L of water, 6 ml/L of water and 7 ml/L of water. The research findings reveal that AB Mix nutrient solution was generally very good to support the growth of spinach on NFT hydroponic. The green spinach had better response rather than the red one. There was no interaction between species and the concentration of nutrient solution. The good concentration of nutrient solution for green spinach is 6 ml/L. It was showed by the better growth of plant height on all age of plant, the more number of leaves, the canopy and the root (wet and dry) were heavier, while on the red spinach, 5 ml/L of concentration of nutrient solution resulted in the best growth, yet it was not significantly different from other concentration except on the parameter of plant height and the dry weight of plant canopy.

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Yield and Mineral Content of Hydroponically Grown Mini-Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as Affected by Reduced Nutrient Concentration and Foliar Fertilizer Application

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci12496-17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 52 (12) ◽

pp. 1728-1733 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Martin M. Maboko ◽

Christian Phillipus Du Plooy ◽

Silence Chiloane

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Concentration ◽

Mineral Content ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Production Costs ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Foliar Fertilizer ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Hydroponically Grown

Nutrient application is one of the major inputs required for hydroponic production of cucumbers. Reduced nutrient solution concentration with supplementary foliar fertilizer application may maintain yield and quality of mini-cucumber, while decreasing the production costs. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of foliar fertilizer in combination with reduced nutrient concentrations on the yield and quality of hydroponically grown mini-cucumber in a plastic tunnel. Mini-cucumber plants were grown in sawdust, fertigated with nutrient solutions containing 100% (control), 75%, 50%, or 25% of the recommended nutrient concentration (NC) and two foliar fertilizer applications (no foliar and foliar application). The highest fresh and dry weight of mini-cucumber plants were obtained with 75% and 100% NC and decreased with 50% to 25% NC application. The number of marketable fruit and marketable yield on mini-cucumbers increased with 75% to 100% NC, followed by 50% NC, as compared with 25% NC. Deformed fruit were significantly lower at 25% NC than at 50%, 75%, and 100% NC. Foliar fertilizer application did not have an effect on mini-cucumber yield, but reduced the yellowing of fruit. Fruit mineral content (P, Fe, and Mn) was significantly improved by 100% NC. Improvement in yield at 75% and 100% NC was as a result of improved plant height, leaf chlorophyll content, plant fresh and dry weight, and the increase in nutrient uptake of N, P, K, and Mn, which was evident in the analysis of cucumber leaves. The reduced NC of 75% can maintain yield and quality of mini-cucumbers, whereas the application of foliar fertilizer had a limited effect.

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USO RACIONAL DE NUTRIENTES NO CULTIVO HIDROPÔNICO DE AMOR-PERFEITO

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2006v11n3p367-375 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 367-375

Author(s):

Milena Andrea Curitiba Pilla ◽

Lenita Lima Haber ◽

Hélio Grassi Filho

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Solution Concentration ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Hydroponic Cultivation ◽

Viola X Wittrockiana ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

System Length

USO RACIONAL DE NUTRIENTES NO CULTIVO HIDROPÔNICO DE AMOR-PERFEITO Milena Andrea Curitiba Pilla1; Lenita Lima Haber1; Hélio Grassi Filho2.1Departamento de Produção Vegetal – Horticultura, Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, [email protected]; 2Departamento de Recursos Naturais - Ciência do Solo, Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP 1 RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar diferentes concentrações de solução nutritiva no cultivo hidropônico de Viola x wittrockiana Gams. O experimento foi conduzido em sistema hidropônico DFT, no delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 5x4, com cinco concentrações de solução nutritiva (50, 75, 100, 125 e 150%) e quatro épocas de avaliação, contando cada tratamento, de três repetições de três plantas. Foram analisadas a altura de plantas, o comprimento da raiz, o número de folhas, as flores e botões florais e a massa fresca e seca da parte aérea e da raiz. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância, teste de Tukey para épocas de avaliação e análise de regressão para concentrações da solução nutritiva. Foi observado um decréscimo no desenvolvimento da parte aérea e do sistema radicular com o aumento do número de dias de cultivo e, o maior número de botões florais ocorreu na terceira semana de cultivo. Observou-se, de maneira geral, uma redução na altura de plantas, no comprimento do sistema radicular, no número de folhas e na massa fresca e seca da parte aérea com o aumento da concentração de nutrientes na solução nutritiva. UNITERMOS: Viola x wittrockiana Gams, solução nutritiva, concentração salina. PILLA, M. A .C.; HABER , L. L.; GRASSI FILHO, H. RATIONAL NUTRIENT USE IN HYDROPONIC CULTIVATION OF “Viola x wittrockiana Gams” 2 ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate different concentrations of nutritional solution in the hydroponic cultivation of Viola x wittrockiana Gams. The experiment was conducted in DFT hydroponic system, in a completely randomized design with a 5x4 factorial scheme and five nutrient solution concentrations (50, 75, 100, 125 and 150%), four evaluation periods with three replications of three plants for each treatment. Plant height, root length, number of leaves, flowers and floral buttons; fresh and dry weight of shoot and root were determined. The results were submitted to variance analysis, Tukey’s test for evaluation periods and regression analysis for nutrient solution. A decrease in the development of the shoot and root was observed with an increase of the number of cultivation days; the greatest number of floral buttons occurred in the third week of cultivation. A reduction in the plant height, root system length, the number of leaves and the fresh and dry weight of shoot was observed generally with the increase of nutrient solution concentration. KEYWORDS: Viola x wittrockiana Gams, nutrient solution, saline concentration.

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Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Temperature Control on Plant Growth, Yield, and Mineral Content of Tomato Plants Grown Hydroponically

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.48.12.1470 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 48 (12) ◽

pp. 1470-1477 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Martin Makgose Maboko ◽

Isa Bertling ◽

Christian Phillipus Du Plooy

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Temperature Control ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Nutrient Concentration ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Mineral Nutrient ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Mineral Concentration ◽

Temperature Controlled

Mycorrhizal inoculation improves nutrient uptake in a range of host plants. Insufficient nutrient uptake by plants grown hydroponically is of major environmental and economic concern. Tomato seedlings, therefore, were treated with a mycorrhizal inoculant (Mycoroot™) at transplanting to potentially enhance nutrient uptake by the plant. Then seedlings were transferred to either a temperature-controlled (TC) or a non-temperature-controlled (NTC) tunnel and maintained using the recommended (100%) or a reduced (75% and 50%) nutrient concentration. Plants grown in the NTC tunnel had significantly poorer plant growth, lower fruit mineral concentration, and lower yield compared with fruit from plants in the TC tunnel. Leaves from plants in the NTC tunnel had higher microelement concentrations than those in the TC tunnel. Highest yields were obtained from plants fertigated with 75% of the recommended nutrient concentration, and not from the 100% nutrient concentration. Application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) neither enhanced plant growth, nor yield, nor fruit mineral nutrient concentrations. However, temperature control positively affected the fruit Mn and Zn concentration in the TC tunnel following AMF application.

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Optimum Feeding Nutrient Solution Concentration for Greenhouse Potted Miniature Rose Production in a Recirculating Subirrigation System

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.45.9.1378 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 45 (9) ◽

pp. 1378-1383 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Youbin Zheng ◽

Diane Feliciano Cayanan ◽

Mike Dixon

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Bottom Layer ◽

Solution Concentration ◽

Branch Number ◽

Nutrient Contents ◽

Fourfold Increase ◽

Total Dry Weight

To determine the optimum feeding nutrient solution concentrations for the production of potted miniature roses (Rosa chineersis minima ‘Fall Festival’) under recirculating subirrigation conditions, plants were grown under four different nutrient solution concentrations [25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the full strength with an electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.756 dS·m−1]. Nutrient solution concentrations affected the stem, root, and plant total dry weight and flower and branch number. Under the 75% strength nutrient solution, these growth parameters were equal to or better than the 100% strength solution. No difference was detected in the chlorophyll content of leaves from plants that received the 50%, 75%, and 100% strength solutions during the experiment but at Day 35; only the 25% treatment had significantly lower leaf chlorophyll content than the other treatments. There were no treatment effects on the measured total foliar nutrient contents [except potassium (K)] of plants under the 75% strength solution compared with those under the 100% treatment, but nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and/or iron (Fe) of plants under the 25% strength solutions were below that of the acceptable range. Interveinal chlorosis and/or reddish leaves and branches were also apparent in plants under the 25% and 50% strength solutions. It is suspected that these are symptoms of N, P, and Fe deficiencies caused by the reduced nutrient solution concentrations and increased pH of the growing substrate. There were significant depletions of N and P nutrients in the 25% and 50% strength solutions at the end of the experiment, which was consistent with visual symptoms and deficiencies. Nutrient salts accumulated in the top section of the growing substrate under all treatments, but no phytotoxic effects were observed. The EC values for the top third of the growing substrate were much higher than those of the bottom two-thirds. EC for the top layer of the 100% treatment exhibited a fourfold increase compared with the bottom layer of that treatment. The NO3–, K, magnesium, and calcium for the top layer of the 100% treatment were 235%, 149%, 287%, and 245%, respectively, higher compared with the bottom layer of the 100% treatment. It was concluded that the nutrient solution concentrations typically used for potted miniature rose production in most of the Canadian greenhouses under recirculating subirrigation conditions can be safely reduced to 75% and produce better plants.

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Fertilizer and Cultivar Selection of Lettuce, Basil, and Swiss Chard for Hydroponic Production

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech04178-18 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 50-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hardeep Singh ◽

Bruce Dunn ◽

Mark Payton ◽

Lynn Brandenberger

Keyword(s):

Dry Weight ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Cultivar Selection ◽

Nutrient Film Technique ◽

Swiss Chard ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Optimum Production ◽

Selection Of

Nutrient-film technique (NFT) trials were conducted to quantify the effect of two different water-soluble hydroponic fertilizers (5N–4.8P–21.6K and 5N–5.2P–21.6K) on different cultivars of lettuce (Lactuca sativa), basil (Ocimum basilicum), and swiss chard (Beta vulgaris). Results indicated swiss chard yield was affected only by cultivars, with Fordhook Giant producing the greatest fresh weight across fertilizer treatments. For lettuce production, interaction between fertilizers and cultivars was significant. ‘Mirlo’ and ‘Rubysky’ had greater growth compared with other cultivars in both fertilizers, whereas Dragoon performed well using 5N–4.8P–21.6K, but not 5N–5.2P–21.6K. For basil, dry weight production showed a significant interaction between fertilizers and cultivars. ‘Largeleaf’ produced greater dry weight with 5N–4.8P–21.6K, whereas ‘Lemon’ produced greater dry weight with 5N–5.2P–21.6K. For nutrient concentration of leaves, the concentrations were within the recommended range for lettuce when fertilized with 5N–5.2P–21.6K. Nutrient concentrations varied by nutrient from the recommended range for basil, but there was no significant difference between fertilizers. For swiss chard, the nutrient concentrations were in the recommended range and there was no difference between fertilizers. Therefore, growers may need to use more than one type of fertilizer for different lettuce and basil cultivars for optimum production, whereas swiss chard cultivars can be selected based on yield regardless of fertilizer.

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Aklimatisasi Planlet Pisang Varietas Raja Bulu Kuning Berbasis Sistem Hidroponik Substrat

Agrotechnology Research Journal ◽

10.20961/agrotechresj.v1i2.18876 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Endang Setia Muliawati ◽

Retna Bandriyati Arniputri ◽

Nandariyah Nandariyah ◽

Sidik Nur Cahyo Utomo

Keyword(s):

Tissue Culture ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Growth Response ◽

Solution Concentration ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Soil Pathogens ◽

Tropical Fruit ◽

Seed Propagation ◽

Short Time ◽

Substrate Types

<p>Banana is one of the favorite tropical fruit. Banana business development begins with the provision of quality seeds. Tissue culture is a seed propagation technology that can produce large amounts of seed and a relatively short time by utilizing limited plant material. The planlets result of tissue culture needs to be acclimatization before planted in the field. Hydroponic substrate-based acclimatization is expected to produce seeds that are free from soil pathogens. Adjustment of the concentration of nutrients is important in order to produce a growth response that significantly affects and does not cause poisoning or plasmolysis. This study aims to determine whether hydroponic substrate types and nutrient concentrations affect the growth of Raja Bulu Kuning Banana plantlets. The experiment was carried out at net house, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta in October 2016 - January 2017. The treatment factors were substrate types (bagasse, arenga peat, steamed husk) and concentration of the nutrient solution (equivalent to EC 1.8, EC 2.0, and EC 2.5 mScm-1). The result showed that steamed husk is the best as the hydroponic substrate, while nutrient solution concentration equivalent to EC 1.8 mScm-1 is sufficient for acclimatization of Banana plantlets cv.Raja Bulu Kuning.</p>

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