scholarly journals Expression of Target Gene Hsp70 and Membrane Stability Determine Heat Tolerance in Chili Pepper

2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magaji G. Usman ◽  
Mohd Y. Rafii ◽  
Mohd Razi Ismail ◽  
Mohammad Abdul Malek ◽  
Mohammad Abdul Latif
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
High Temperature Treatment ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Membrane Thermostability ◽  
Heat Tolerant

Experiments were carried out to study the mechanisms for heat tolerance in chili pepper (Capsicum annuum). To assess these mechanisms, six genotypes were evaluated for cellular membrane thermostability (CMT) and for HSP70 gene expression. The plants were grown in an experimental plant growth chamber. The mean value of CMT indicates that membrane integrity was not damaged by the high temperature treatment (50 °C) in most of the genotypes. The genotypes were classified as follows: heat-tolerant (greater than 60%), moderately tolerant (30% to 60%), and susceptible (less than 30%). The heat-tolerant plants recorded the highest CMTs at 89.27%, 88.03%, and 85.10% for AVPP0702, AVPP0116, and AVPP9905, respectively, which might be the reason for the change in their cell membrane thermostability. AVPP9703 and AVPP0002 showed CMTs of 15.87% and 18.43%, which might indicate their sensitivity to heat stress. Heat shock protein 70 kDa was identified and found to be differentially expressed under the heat stress. Under heat stress, significantly increased levels of the HSP70 gene were detected after 2 h of temperature treatment at 42 °C, which indicated that this gene is quickly and sharply induced by heat shock. This was true for all genotypes tested, which were significantly up-regulated by more than 36.9-, 7.10-, 3.87-, and 3-fold for AVPP0702, AVPP0116, AVPP0002, and AVPP9703, respectively. The HSP70 gene was found to be significantly down-regulated under heat stress in ‘Kulai’. AVPP0702, AVPP9905, and AVPP0116 could be considered as heat-tolerant genotypes, whereas ‘Kulai’ and AVPP9703 were found to be heat-sensitive genotypes in this investigation.

The Heat-Shock Response and Expression of Heat-Shock Proteins in Wheat Under Diurnal Heat Stress and Field Conditions

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 857 ◽  
Author(s):  
HT Nguyen ◽  
CP Joshi ◽  
N Klueva ◽  
J Weng ◽  
KL Hendershot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Proteins ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Heat Shock Response ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Shock Response ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
Shock Proteins

The occurrence of heat-shock proteins (HSPs) in response to high temperature stress is a universal phenomenon in higher plants and has been well documented. However, in agriculturally important species, less is known about the expression of HSPs under natural environments. A review of the heat-shock response in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is presented and recent results on the expression of wheat HSPs under diurnal stress and field conditions are reported. In the field experiment, flag leaf blade temperatures were obtained and leaf blades collected for northern blot analysis using HSP 16.9 cDNA as a probe. Temperatures of leaf blades ranged from 32 to 35�C under the tested field conditions at New Deal near Lubbock, Texas. Messenger RNAs encoding a major class of low molecular weight HSPs, HSP 16.9, were detected in all wheat genotypes examined. The results suggested that HSPs are synthesised in response to heat stress under agricultural production, and furthermore, that HSPs are produced in wheats differing in geographic background. In the controlled growth chamber experiment, HSP expression in two wheat cultivars, Mustang (heat tolerant) and Sturdy (heat susceptible) were analysed to determine if wheat genotypes differing in heat tolerance differ in in vitro HSP synthesis (translatable HSP mRNAs) under a chronic, diurnal heat-stress regime. Leaf tissues were collected from seedlings over a time-course and poly (A)+RNAs were isolated for in vitro translation and 2-D gel electrophoresis. The protein profiles shown in the 2-D gel analysis revealed that there were not only quantitative differences of individual HSPs between these two wheat lines, but also some unique HSPs which were only found in the heat tolerant line. This data provides evidence of a correlation between HSP synthesis and heat tolerance in wheat under a simulated field environment and suggests that further genetic analysis of HSPs in a segregating population is worthy of investigation. In conclusion, the results of this study provide an impetus for the investigation of the roles of HSP genes in heat tolerance in wheat.

scholarly journals One Heat Shock Transcription Factor Confers High Thermal Tolerance in Clematis Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2900
Author(s):  
Rui Wang ◽  
Chanjuan Mao ◽  
Changhua Jiang ◽  
Long Zhang ◽  
Siyuan Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Heat Shock Transcription Factor ◽  
Heat Sensitivity ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Clematis Vitalba ◽  
Horticultural Plants ◽  
Heat Tolerant

Clematis plants play an important role in botanical gardens. Heat stress can destroy the activity, state and conformation of plant proteins, and its regulatory pathway has been well characterized in Arabidopsis and some crop plants. However, the heat resistance response mechanism in horticultural plants including Clematis has rarely been reported. Here, we identified a heat-tolerant clematis species, Clematis vitalba. The relative water loss and electrolytic leakage were significantly lower under heat treatment in Clematis vitalba compared to Stolwijk Gold. Differential expression heat-tolerant genes (HTGs) were identified based on nonparametric transcriptome analysis. For validation, one heat shock transcription factor, CvHSF30-2, extremely induced by heat stimuli in Clematis vitalba, was identified to confer tolerance to heat stress in Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Furthermore, silencing of HSF30-2 by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) led to heat sensitivity in tobacco and Clematis, suggesting that the candidate heat-resistant genes identified in this RNA-seq analysis are credible and offer significant utility. We also found that CvHSF30-2 improved heat tolerance of Clematis vitalba by elevating heat shock protein (HSP) expression, which was negatively regulated by CvHSFB2a. Taken together, this study provides insights into the mechanism of Clematis heat tolerance and the findings can be potentially applied in horticultural plants to improve economic efficiency through genetic approaches.

scholarly journals Evaluation of seedling proline content of wheat genotypes in relation to heat tolerance

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
JU Ahmed ◽  
MA Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Membrane Injury ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Membrane Thermostability ◽  
Heat Tolerant

Seedling of 20 wheat genotypes were grown in Phytotron at about 25 and 35°C for measuring membrane injury in per cent and seedling proline content to investigate seedling proline as screening criterion against heat stress. The wheat genotypes (Bijoy, Sufi, Kanchan, Fang 60, BAW 1059, BL 1883, BL 1022, IVT 7, IVT 8, IVT 9, IVT 10 and BAW 917) showing < 50% membrane injury were grouped as heat tolerant (HT) and the genotypes (Shatabdi, Prodip, BAW 1064, Gourab, Pavon 76, Sonora, Kalyansona and IVT 6) showing ≥ 50% membrane injury were classified as heat sensitive (HS). At high temperature (35°C) the HT genotypes produced more than double (> 200%) proline than that of 25°C but the HS genotypes produced less quantity of proline at 35°C compared to that in HT genotypes. The seedling proline content at 35°C and membrane injury (%) maintained a significant negative correlation (r = – 0.619**) across the 20 wheat genotypes tested. Key words: Membrane thermostability; Seedling proline; Heat tolerance; Wheat DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v40i1.7991 Bangladesh J. Bot. 40(1): 17-22, 2011 (June)

scholarly journals Expression of small heat shock proteins and heat tolerance in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Savic ◽  
Ivana Dragicevic ◽  
D. Pantelic ◽  
Jasmina Oljaca ◽  
Ivana Momcilovic
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Immunoblot Analysis ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Heat Tolerant

We have examined the correlation between heat tolerance and small heat shock protein (sHSP) expression under heat stress conditions in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The relative heat tolerance of nine potato cultivars grown under greenhouse conditions was determined using the electrolyte leakage assay (ELA), a standard quantitative assay for heat tolerance. Three cultivars differing in heat tolerance were selected and designated as heat-tolerant (?Laura?), moderately sensitive (?Liseta?) and heat-sensitive (?Agria?) genotypes. The expression of cytosolic HSP18 and chloroplast HSP21 was analyzed at the protein level in the leaves of selected cultivars, both ex vitro- and in vitro-grown, after heat stress or control treatment. Immunoblot analysis revealed heat-induced HSP18 and HSP21 expression in all examined genotypes. A similar pattern of examined sHSP expression was observed ex vitro and in vitro: heat-tolerant ?Laura? accumulated higher levels of both HSP18 and HSP21 compared to heat-sensitive ?Liseta? and ?Agria?. Our results indicate that ELA combined with immunoblot analysis of sHSP accumulation under HS conditions, might be considered as a reliable procedure in screening potato genotypes for heat tolerance. To our knowledge, this is the first study where sHSP expression between ex vitro- and in vitro-grown potato plants was compared.

Comparison of Sudden Heat Stress With Gradual Exposure to High Temperature During Grain Filling in Two Wheat Varieties Differing in Heat Tolerance. I. Grain Growth

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 935 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Stone ◽  
ME Nicolas
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Thermal Time ◽  
High Temperature Treatment ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Individual Kernel

Two wheat varieties differing in heat tolerance were exposed to four heat treatments in order to determine if a sudden rise from ca 20-40�C caused a greater reduction of individual kernel mass than a gradual (6�C h-1) rise over the same temperature range. For the heat sensitive variety (Oxley), the reduction of individual kernel mass following sudden heat stress (26%) was greater than that resulting from a gradual heat stress of equivalent thermal time (13%) or equal days of treatment (18%). By contrast, for the heat tolerant variety (Egret), the reduction of individual kernel mass following rapid exposure to heat stress (12%) was not significantly greater than that caused by a gradual treatment of equal days duration (10%). Nevertheless, for Egret, sudden heat stress significantly reduced mature kernel mass compared with high temperature treatment of equivalent thermal time (6%). We conclude that heat acclimation may help to mitigate wheat yield losses due to high temperature and that the ability to acclimate to high temperature varies between wheat genotypes. Comparison of wheat varieties for yield tolerance to high temperature should therefore occur under conditions that allow gradual acclimation to elevated temperature.

scholarly journals Reproductive tissues-specific meta-QTLs and candidate genes for development of heat-tolerant rice cultivars

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qasim Raza ◽  
Awais Riaz ◽  
Khurram Bashir ◽  
Muhammad Sabar
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Fast Track ◽  
Reproductive Tissue ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Heat Tolerant

AbstractRice holds the key to future food security. In rice-growing areas, temperature has already reached an optimum level for growth, hence, any further increase due to global climate change could significantly reduce rice yield. Several mapping studies have identified a plethora of reproductive tissue-specific and heat stress associated inconsistent quantitative trait loci (QTL), which could be exploited for improvement of heat tolerance. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis on previously reported QTLs and identified 35 most consistent meta-QTLs (MQTLs) across diverse genetic backgrounds and environments. Genetic and physical intervals of nearly 66% MQTLs were narrower than 5 cM and 2 Mb respectively, indicating hotspot genomic regions for heat tolerance. Comparative analyses of MQTLs underlying genes with microarray and RNA-seq based transcriptomic data sets revealed a core set of 45 heat-responsive genes, among which 24 were reproductive tissue-specific and have not been studied in detail before. Remarkably, all these genes corresponded to various stress associated functions, ranging from abiotic stress sensing to regulating plant stress responses, and included heat-shock genes (OsBiP2, OsMed37_1), transcription factors (OsNAS3, OsTEF1, OsWRKY10, OsWRKY21), transmembrane transporters (OsAAP7A, OsAMT2;1), sugar metabolizing (OsSUS4, α-Gal III) and abiotic stress (OsRCI2-7, SRWD1) genes. Functional data evidences from Arabidopsis heat-shock genes also suggest that OsBIP2 may be associated with thermotolerance of pollen tubes under heat stress conditions. Furthermore, promoters of identified genes were enriched with heat, dehydration, pollen and sugar responsive cis-acting regulatory elements, proposing a common regulatory mechanism might exist in rice for mitigsating reproductive stage heat stress. These findings strongly support our results and provide new candidate genes for fast-track development of heat-tolerant rice cultivars.Key MessageBy integrating genetics and genomics data, reproductive tissues-specific and heat stress responsive 35 meta-QTLs and 45 candidate genes were identified, which could be exploited through marker-assisted breeding for fast-track development of heat-tolerant rice cultivars.

scholarly journals Small Heat Shock Proteins, Morphological and Physiological Characteristics Associated with Heat Tolerance in Salvia (Salvia splendens)

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1115B-1115
Author(s):  
Seenivasan Natarajan ◽  
Jeff Kuehny
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Proteins ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Small Heat Shock Proteins ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
Shock Proteins

Small heat shock proteins (sHSP) are a specific group of highly conserved proteins produced in almost all living organisms under heat stress. These sHSP have been shown to help prevent damage at the biomolecular level in plants. One of the greatest impediments to production of marketable herbaceous plants and their longevity is high temperature stress. The objectives of this experiment were to study the plant responses in terms of sHSP synthesis, single leaf net photosynthesis, total water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), and overall growth for two S. splendens cultivars differing in performance under heat stress. `Vista Red' (heat tolerant) and `Sizzler Red' (heat sensitive) were exposed to short duration (3 hours) high temperature stresses of 30, 35, and 40 °C in growth chambers. Increasing the temperature to about 10 to 15 °C above the optimal growth temperature (25 °C, control) induced the synthesis of sHSP 27 in S. splendens. Expression of these proteins was significantly greater in the heat-tolerant vs. the heat-sensitive cultivar. Soluble carbohydrate content was greater in `Vista Red', and in both the cultivars raffinose was the primary soluble carbohydrate in heat-stressed plants. Overall growth of plants was significantly different in the two cultivars studied in terms of plant height, stem thickness, number of days to flower, and marketable quality. The better performance of `Vista Red' under heat stress was attributed to its morphological characteristics, including short stature, thicker stems and leaves. sHSPs and WSC are also found to be associated with heat tolerance and heat adaptation in S. splendens.

scholarly journals Heat-tolerant hot pepper exhibits constant photosynthesis via increased transpiration rate, high proline content and fast recovery in heat stress condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherzod Nigmatullayevich Rajametov ◽  
Eun Young Yang ◽  
Myeong Cheoul Cho ◽  
Soo Young Chae ◽  
Hyo Bong Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Fast Recovery ◽  
Heat Stress Condition ◽  
Heat Tolerant

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanism for heat tolerance is important for the hot pepper breeding program to develop heat-tolerant cultivars in changing climate. This study was conducted to investigate physiological and biochemical parameters related to heat tolerance and to determine leaf heat damage levels critical for selecting heat-tolerant genotypes. Seedlings of two commercial cultivars, heat-tolerant ‘NW Bigarim’ (NB) and susceptible ‘Chyung Yang’ (CY), were grown in 42 °C for ten days. Photosynthesis, electrolyte conductivity, proline content were measured among seedlings during heat treatment. Photosynthetic rate was significantly reduced in ‘CY’ but not in ‘NB’ seedlings in 42 °C. Stomatal conductivity and transpiration rate was significantly higher in ‘NB’ than ‘CY’. Proline content was also significantly higher in ‘NB’. After heat treatment, leaf heat damages were determined as 0, 25, 50 and 75% and plants with different leaf heat damages were moved to a glasshouse (30–32/22–24 °C in day/night). The growth and developmental parameters were investigated until 70 days. ‘NB’ was significantly affected by leaf heat damages only in fruit yield while ‘CY’ was in fruit set, number and yield. ‘NB’ showed fast recovery after heat stress compared to ‘CY’. These results suggest that constant photosynthetic rate via increased transpiration rate as well as high proline content in heat stress condition confer faster recovery from heat damage of heat-tolerant cultivars in seedlings stages.

scholarly journals Heat-tolerant Hot Pepper Exhibits Constant Photosynthesis Via Increased 4 Transpiration Rate, High Proline Content and Fast Recovery in Heat Stress 5 Condition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherzod Rajametov ◽  
Eun Young Yang ◽  
Myeong Cheoul Cho ◽  
Soo Young Chae ◽  
Hyo Bong Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Fast Recovery ◽  
Heat Damage ◽  
Heat Tolerant

Understanding the mechanism for heat tolerance is important for the hot pepper breeding program to develop heat-tolerant cultivars in changing climate. This study was conducted to investigate physiological and biochemical parameters related to heat tolerance and to determine leaf heat damage levels critical for selecting heat-tolerant genotypes. Seedlings of two commercial cultivars, heat-tolerant &lsquo;NW Bigarim&rsquo; (NB) and susceptible &lsquo;Chyung Yang&rsquo; (CY), were grown in 42 &deg;C for ten days. Photosynthesis, electrolyte conductivity, proline content were measured among seedlings during heat treatment. Photosynthetic rate was significantly reduced in &lsquo;CY&rsquo; but not in &lsquo;NB&rsquo; seedlings in 42 &deg;C. Stomatal conductivity and transpiration rate was significantly higher in &lsquo;NB&rsquo; than &lsquo;CY&rsquo;. Proline content was also significantly higher in &lsquo;NB&rsquo;. After heat treatment, leaf heat damages were determined as 0, 25, 50 and 75% and plants with different leaf heat damages were moved to a glasshouse (30&ndash;32/22&ndash;24 &deg;C in day/night). The growth and developmental parameters were investigated until 70 days. &lsquo;NB&rsquo; was significantly affected by leaf heat damages only in fruit yield while &lsquo;CY&rsquo; was in fruit set, number and yield. &lsquo;NB&rsquo; showed fast recovery after heat stress compared to &lsquo;CY&rsquo;. These results suggest that constant photosynthetic rate via increased transpiration rate as well as high proline content in heat stress condition confer faster recovery from heat damage of heat-tolerant cultivars in seedlings stages.

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