Alcoholism and Song Literati

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Van Bibber-Orr
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Blind Spot ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Medical Texts ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Li Bai ◽  
Personal Accounts

Crystallized in the alterity of an ancient Chinese past, alcohol use and abuse have often in the field of sinology become synonymous with romanticized literati affect: Tao Qian’s 陶潛‎ (365-427)’s “Twenty Poems on Drinking” and Li Bai 李白‎’s (701-762) “Drinking Alone Under the Moon” come immediately to mind. This glorification has precipitated a blind spot regarding the self-destructive effects of alcoholism in Chinese cultural history. Through an analysis of Song encyclopedia, anecdotes, and medical texts, I uncover a Song discourse on alcoholism: shijiu嗜酒‎. Reading poems of Mei Yaochen 梅堯臣‎ (1002-1060) and Yang Wanli 楊萬里‎ (1127-1206), the chapter reveals personal accounts of these literati’s struggles to stop drinking (zhijiu止酒‎). To define alcoholism, I employ the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5 (DSM-V), evincing the presence of five distinct diagnostic criteria of “Alcohol Use Disorder” amongst Song literati.

Should DSM-V Include Dimensional Diagnostic Criteria for Alcohol Use Disorders?

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Helzer ◽  
Kathleen K. Bucholz ◽  
Laura Jean Bierut ◽  
Darrel A. Regier ◽  
Marc A. Schuckit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Dsm V

scholarly journals Applicability Degree of Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnostic Criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders –the 5 the Edition (DSM V) on Children Enrolled in Autism Centers in Jordan

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Mohammad Al-Badarneh ◽  
Jamil Smadi
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm V

This study aims to investigate the applicability of the diagnostic criteria of autism spectrum disorder in the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition (DSM V) on the children enrolled in selected autism centers in Jordan. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researchers applied the scale of the (DSM V) on the children with autism spectrum disorder. The scale consisted of (30) items distributed on two areas. The first area is a lasting impairment in the social communication and interaction. The second area includes behavioral patterns and definite, repetitive and stereotyped interests and activities. The validity and reliability were extracted and calculated using the re-test application method, which amounted to (88.0) as well as the internal consistency, which reached to (94.0). The scale was also applied on the study samples that were represented by (300) children through the responses of the (94) teachers regarding the children with autism spectrum disorder. The results showed that the applicability of the diagnostic criteria of the autism spectrum in the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, (DSM V) on the children was low by (36.3%) with total occurrences of (109) children who suffered from the autism spectrum disorder, and (63.7%) of children on whom the two criteria were not applicable with a total of 191 children.

Validación de la escala de sintomas somáticos (SSS-8) en pacientes de una zona rural en Ecuador

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercy García ◽  
Ernestina Tamami ◽  
Giovanni Rojas-Velasco ◽  
Carolina Posso ◽  
Galo Sánchez del Hierro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Somatic Symptom ◽  
Symptom Scale ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Scale 8

Introducción.- Los síntomas somáticos causan malestar y afectan la calidad de  vida de los pacientes, incrementando la frecuencia del uso de los servicios de salud. En Ecuador no existe un instrumento validado que evalúe somatización. La escala Somatic Symtom Scale-8 (SSS-8), es un instrumento usado como medida de referencia en the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM-V), para evaluar la carga de síntomas somáticos, validada en inglés y adaptada culturalmente a los idiomas alemán y japonés. Objetivos.- En esta investigación el propósito fue validar la escala “Somatic Symptom Scale-8” y determinar sus propiedades métricas. Métodos.- Investigación descriptiva y transversal en la que se realizó la validación de la herramienta clínica SSS-8 en 401 pacientes en la consulta externa del hospital Pedro Vicente Maldonado, desde mayo a julio de 2017. Para el análisis de datos se utilizaron los programas estadísticos SPSS versión 23, Latent gold y EpiDat 3.1. Resultados.- El grupo mayoritario fue de 30 a 47 años, con ligero predominio del sexo masculino (con 52,6%) sobre el femenino (47,4%). El SSS-8 mostró adecuadas propiedades métricas (alfa de Cronbach de 0,73). Mediante este análisis se obtuvo que, los pacientes que respondieron: algo, bastante o muchísimo en las dimensiones sentirse cansado, dolor de cabeza, dolor de brazos y dolor de espalda; tenían un 99% de probabilidades de presentar somatización. Conclusiones.- En este estudio, el SSS-8 demostró ser una herramienta útil para evaluar los síntomas somáticos en pacientes que acuden a consulta externa, ya que presentó buenas propiedades métricas: consistencia interna elevada, buena validez y una apropiada capacidad discriminativa.

scholarly journals Incidence of Delirium in Hospitalized Children with Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Fluctuating Course

Delirium is defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Fifth edition (DSM-V) as a “disturbance and change in attention and awareness from baseline that develops over a short period of time, with fluctuating course” [1]. Delirium occurs as a result of factors related to primary illness, the treatment of that illness, and stressful and disorientating environment of the hospital [2]. There are limited data to describe the incidence of delirium in children hospitalized with cancer [3]. Delirium occurs frequently in adults and is an independent predictor of mortality, increased length of stay, and increased risk for long-term cognitive deficits [3]. The prevalence of delirium in hospitalized adults ages 18-56 with cancer ranges from 18%-44% [4]. Most pediatric studies on delirium focus on the critically ill child in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). It is estimated that the incidence of delirium in this population is as high as 29% [5].

scholarly journals Validity Evidence of the Autistic Spectrum Disorder Behavior Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Costa e Silva ◽  
Daniela Sacramento Zanini
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Behavior Scale ◽  
Pilot Sample ◽  
Abstract Screening

Abstract Screening instruments to detect symptoms of Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in the school setting are still needed. The study aimed to develop the Autistic Spectrum Disorder Behavior Scale (ASD-BS) according to the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V). The scale consists of 31 items, divided into communication; social interactions; restrictive, repetitive and ritual behaviors; and other indicators. The content validity included five expert judges and a pilot sample with 29 children between six and 12 years old. The results were shown to be adequate, all items reached agreement rates above 80% and Kappa of 0.84. Exploratory statistical analyzes showed Cronbach’s alpha equal to 0.78, sensitivity values ranging from 86 to 93% and specificity from 34 to 100%. ASD-BS is of quick implementation, uses the teacher as an informant and contributes to psychological assessment.

scholarly journals Ciberdependência: o papel das emoções na dependência de tecnologias digitais

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-161
Author(s):  
Jefferson Cabral Azevedo ◽  
Carlos Henrique Medeiros de Souza ◽  
Giovane do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Compulsive Behaviors ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Statistical Results

RESUMO: O presente artigo visa utilizar conceitos de diversas áreas, proporcionando uma perspectiva multicausal e dialógica sobre os processos nosológicos de dependência de tecnologias digitais e as influências dos mecanismos motivacionais e emocionais sobre a aprendizagem de comportamentos compulsivos. A metodologia aplicada ao estudo é de caráter qualitativo e quantitativo, pois abrange tanto os fatores conceituais obtidos através de revisão bibliográfica como o desenvolvimento de resultados estatísticos através das análises dos resultados dos questionários aplicados no estudo em questão. Este breve constructo teórico busca evidenciar comportamentos patológicos na utilização das tecnologias digitais, principalmente dos usuários de internet e redes sociais digitais, utilizando os parâmetros da neuropsicologia, psicologia, psiquiatria e descrições presentes no DSM V, Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais, e o CID 10, Compêndio Internacional de Doenças.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: dependência; tecnologias digitais; motivação; emoção; neuropsicologia; psicologia; psiquiatria.ABSTRACT: This research apply concepts from different areas, aiming to provide a multicausal and dialogical perspective on the nosologic process of dependence upon digital technologies and the influences of motivational and emotional mechanisms on learning compulsive behaviors. The data is approached both qualitatively and quantitatively, since its analysis covers the conceptual factors obtained from literature review and the development of statistical results obtained from the questionnaires applied. This brief theoretical research pursues to reveal pathological behaviors in the use of digital technologies, especially in the actions of internet users in online social networks. The parameters of neuropsychology, psychology, psychiatry are combined with descriptions contained in the DSM V, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, and the ICD 10, International Compendium of Diseases.KEYWORDS: addiction, digital technologies; motivation; emotion; neuropsychology; psychology; psychiatry.

Problemi di psicoterapia

2010 ◽  
pp. 53-66
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Dsm Iv

Vengono presentati i principali sistemi di diagnosi psichiatrica, e precisamente le ultime edizioni del Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) dell'American Psychiatric Association (il DSM-III del 1980, il DSM-III-R del 1987, il DSM-IV del 1994, il DSM-IV-TR del 2000, e il DSM-V previsto per il 2013), la 10a edizione dell'International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) proposta nel 1992 dall'Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanitŕ (OMS), e il Manuale Diagnostico Psicodinamico (PDM) prodotto dalla comunitŕ psicoanalitica internazionale nel 2006. A proposito dei DSM, vengono discussi alcuni problemi metodologici quali le dicotomie validitŕ/attendibilitŕ, categorie/dimensioni e politetico/monotetico, e anticipati alcuni dibattiti critici a proposito del futuro DSM-V. Infine, vengono discusse le seguenti problematiche: la psicopatologia "descrittiva" e "strutturale"; la diagnosi come "difesa" del terapeuta; l'aspetto scientifico e l'aspetto filosofico della diagnosi; i tentativi di "sospensione" del giudizio e dei nostri preconcetti; la dicotomia nomotetico-idiografico.

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