Biochar Pyrolyzed at Two Temperatures Affects Escherichia coli Transport through a Sandy Soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl H. Bolster ◽  
Sergio M. Abit
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Two Temperatures

scholarly journals Survival of Escherichia coli O157 in autoclaved and natural sandy soil mesocosms

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. e0234562
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Baker ◽  
Shinyoung Lee ◽  
Jaysankar De ◽  
Kwangcheol C. Jeong ◽  
Keith R. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Soil Mesocosms

scholarly journals Transport of MS2 Phage,Escherichia coli,Clostridium perfringens,Cryptosporidium parvum,andGiardia intestinalisin a Gravel and a Sandy Soil.

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1371-1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim A. M. Hijnen ◽  
Anke J. Brouwer-Hanzens ◽  
Katrina J. Charles ◽  
Gertjan Medema
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Sandy Soil

scholarly journals Survival of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O104:H4 Strain C227/11Φcu in Agricultural Soils Depends on rpoS and Environmental Factors

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1443
Author(s):  
Katharina Detert ◽  
Herbert Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Minor Influence ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Crop Harvest ◽  
A Minor

The consumption of contaminated fresh produce caused outbreaks of enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) Escherichia coli. Agricultural soil might be a reservoir for EHEC strains and represent a contamination source for edible plants. Furthermore, the application of manure as fertilizer is an important contamination route. Thus, the German fertilizer ordinance prohibits the use of manure 12 weeks before crop harvest to avoid pathogen transmission into the food chain. In this study, the survival of E. coli O104:H4 strain C227/11Φcu in soil microenvironments with either diluvial sand or alluvial loam at two temperatures was investigated for more than 12 weeks. It was analyzed whether the addition of cattle manure extends EHEC survival in these microenvironments. The experiments were additionally performed with isogenic ΔrpoS and ΔfliC deletion mutants of C227/11Φcu. The survival of C227/11Φcu was highest at 4 °C, whereas the soil type had a minor influence. The addition of cattle manure increased the survival at 22 °C. Deletion of rpoS significantly decreased the survival period under all cultivation conditions, whereas fliC deletion did not have any influence. The results of our study demonstrate that EHEC C227/11Φcu is able to survive for more than 12 weeks in soil microenvironments and that RpoS is an important determinant for survival.

Antibacterial efficacy of ethyl pyruvate treatment against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium on cherry tomatoes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ucak Ozkaya ◽  
A. Besir ◽  
E. Metin ◽  
M.Z. Durak
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ethyl Pyruvate ◽  
Colour Properties ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Antibacterial Efficacy ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Pathogen Populations ◽  
Cherry Tomatoes

ABSTRACTCherry tomatoes inoculated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium were treated with vaporised ethyl pyruvate (EP). The changes of microbial and organoleptic properties of the samples during storage were investigated at two temperatures (4 and 10 °C) and four EP concentrations (0, 42, 105, and 420 ppm) for 7 days at 4 °C and for 5 days 10 °C. After 3 days, 4.3 log and 3.6 log reductions in E. coli O157:H7 numbers were detected in cherry tomatoes treated with 42 ppm EP at 4 °C and at 10 °C, respectively. The highest EP treatment (420 ppm) led to 5.7 log CFU g−1 E. coli O157:H7 reduction after 1 day at 4 and 10 °C. The reduction of Salmonella Typhimurium on samples treated with 420 ppm EP was 7.7 log CFU g–1 after 1 day at 4 °C, and 6.9 log after 1 day at 10 °C. The treatment of EP can be effective at decreasing pathogen populations and can protect the organoleptic and colour properties of fresh produce.

scholarly journals Isothermal adsorption characteristics of bioretention media for fecal Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 2427-2436
Author(s):  
Ying Mei ◽  
Hang Zhou ◽  
Xiao-Han Zhu ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Fei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Isothermal Adsorption ◽  
Isotherm Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

Rainfall runoff contains a huge number of pathogenic bacteria that seriously deteriorate water quality. Bioretention is an effective approach to removal of pathogenic bacteria from rainwater. This study uses sandy soil, fly ash, slag, sandy soil+5% fly ash, and sandy soil+5% slag as media to evaluate the adsorption of fecal Escherichia coli. The mechanisms of the five media conform to the Langmuir?s isotherm adsorption equation, and a pseudo-first-order kinetic model is adopted to reveal the absorption kinetics.

Transport of MS2 Phage,Escherichia coli, Clostridiumperfringens,Cryptosporidium parvum,andGiardia intestinalisin a Gravel and a Sandy Soil

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (20) ◽  
pp. 7860-7868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim A. M. Hijnen ◽  
Anke J. Brouwer-Hanzens ◽  
Katrina J. Charles ◽  
Gertjan J. Medema
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Sandy Soil

scholarly journals Sanitary aspects and technological challenges of whole milk microfiltration at low temperatures

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 990-997
Author(s):  
Rafael Fagnani ◽  
Marisa Marroni Mexia ◽  
Ana Amélia Nunes Puppio ◽  
Ana Paula Pavão Battaglini
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Mesophilic Bacteria ◽  
Psychrotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Brazilian Legislation ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Two Temperatures

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of whole milk microfiltration at low temperatures on bacterial counts and on its shelf life. The microfiltration process was evaluated at two temperatures (30 and 50ºC) and compared with the slow pasteurization process. Both slow pasteurization and microfiltration reduced the initial counts of aerobic mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria, as well as total coliforms in whole milk. Microfiltration at 50ºC was as effective as the pasteurization process, since it reduced the initial count of aerobic mesophilic bacteria in 4.4 log cycles; increased the product's shelf life, which reached 30 days without exceeding 1,000 CFU mL-1; and eliminated coliform counts at the temperatures of 35 and 45ºC, established by the Brazilian legislation. Microfiltration at 30°C reduced the aerobic mesophilic bacteria counts by 2.2 log cycles; however, Escherichia coli was found in the product, which exhibited a shelf life of less than five days. Therefore, microfiltration at 30ºC can be associated with thermal treatments, but, when applied alone, it shows unsatisfactory results.

scholarly journals Quantification of Persistence ofEscherichia coliO157:H7 in Contrasting Soils

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mark Ibekwe ◽  
Sharon K. Papiernik ◽  
Catherine M. Grieve ◽  
Ching-Hong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Plate Counts

Persistence ofEscherichia coli (E. coli)O157:H7 in the environment is a major concern to vegetable and fruit growers where farms and livestock production are in close proximity. The objectives were to determine the effects of preplant fumigation treatment on the survival ofE. coliO157:H7 in two soils and the effects of indigenous bacterial populations on the survival of this pathogen. Real-time PCR and plate counts were used to quantify the survival ofE. coliO157:H7 in two contrasting soils after fumigation with methyl bromide (MeBr) and methyl iodide (MeI). Ten days after fumigation,E. coliO157:H7 counts were significantly lower () in fumigated soils than in the non-fumigated. Direct comparison between MeBr and MeI within each soil indicated that these two fumigants showed similar impacts onE. coliO157:H7 survival. Microbial species diversity as determined by DGGE was significantly higher in clay soil than sandy soil and this resulted in higher initial decline in population in clay soil than in sandy soil. This study shows that if soil is contaminated withE. coliO157:H7, fumigation alone may not eliminate the pathogen, but may cause decrease in microbial diversity which may enhance the survival of the pathogen.

scholarly journals Emerging Adaptive Strategies Under Temperature Fluctuations in a Laboratory Evolution Experiment of Escherichia Coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryl Lambros ◽  
Ximo Pechuan-Jorge ◽  
Daniel Biro ◽  
Kenny Ye ◽  
Aviv Bergman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Periodic Regime ◽  
Environmental Fluctuation ◽  
Laboratory Evolution ◽  
Array Measurements ◽  
Evolution Experiment ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Different Strains

Generalists and specialists are types of strategies individuals can employ that can evolve in fluctuating environments depending on the extremity and periodicity of the fluctuation. To evaluate whether the evolution of specialists or generalists occurs under environmental fluctuation regimes with different levels of periodicity, 24 populations of Escherichia coli underwent laboratory evolution with temperatures alternating between 15 and 43°C in three fluctuation regimes: two periodic regimes dependent on culture's cell density and one random (non-periodic) regime with no such dependency, serving as a control. To investigate contingencies on the genetic background, we seeded our experiment with two different strains. After the experiment, growth rate measurements at the two temperatures showed that the evolution of specialists was favored in the random regime, while generalists were favored in the periodic regimes. Whole genome sequencing demonstrated that several gene mutations were selected in parallel in the evolving populations with some dependency on the starting genetic background. Given the genes mutated, we hypothesized that the driving force behind the observed adaptations is the restoration of the internal physiology of the starting strains' unstressed states at 37°C, which may be a means of improving fitness in the new environments. Phenotypic array measurements supported our hypothesis by demonstrating a tendency of the phenotypic response of the evolved strains to move closer to the starting strains' response at the optimum of 37°C, especially for strains classified as generalists.

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