Genetic Variation in Acid Detergent Fiber, Neutral Detergent Fiber, Hemicellulose, Crude Protein, and Their Relationship with In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility in Tall Fescue 1

Crop Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Soh ◽  
R. V. Frakes ◽  
D. O. Chilcote ◽  
D. A. Sleper
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

scholarly journals Chemical characteristics, aerobic stability, and microbiological counts in corn silage re-ensiled with bacterial inoculant

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1045-1052
Author(s):  
Mateus Merlo Coelho ◽  
Lúcio Carlos Gonçalves ◽  
José Avelino Santos Rodrigues ◽  
Kelly Moura Keller ◽  
Gustavo Vinícius de Souza dos Anjos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Whole Plant

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of re-ensiling and bacterial inoculation on the quality of corn silage. The experiment was carried out in a 2x2 factorial design with or without inoculant (association of Lactobacillus plantarum and Propionibacterium acidipropionici), and with re-ensiling after 36 hours of aerobic exposure or only ensiling of the whole plant of 'BRS 1055' corn. The fermentative quality, nutritional parameters, dry matter losses, aerobic stability, and microbiological counts of silages were evaluated. Re-ensiling caused an increase of pH and in acetic acid and propionic acid concentrations, as well as in the dry matter (DM), crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber crude protein contents. Conversely, there was a reduction in the nonfiber carbohydrates concentration and in in vitro dry matter digestibility for the re-ensiled material. All changes were explained by the higher-effluent production and DM loss of re-ensiled material that was subjected to two compactions. Microbiology was not altered by the treatments. The use of inoculant altered ash content, but it did not influence other parameters. In contrast, re-ensiling after 36 hours of aerobic exposure caused a reduction in the nutritive value of corn silage and accentuated the DM losses.

scholarly journals Production and quality of sunflower and Paiaguas palisadegrass silage in monocropped and intercropping in different forage systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e48304
Author(s):  
Charles Barbosa dos Santos ◽  
Katia Aparecida de Pinho Costa ◽  
Wender Ferreira de Souza ◽  
Itamar Pereira de Oliveira ◽  
Daniel Augusto Alves Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Fermentative Process

The objective of this study was to evaluate dry mass production, fermentative parameters and chemical and bromatological composition of sunflower silage and Paiaguas palisadegrass silage in monocropped and intercropping in different forage systems. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with four replicates. The treatments consisted of silage forage systems: sunflower monocropped; Paiaguas palisadegrass monocropped; sunflower row-intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass; sunflower inter-row intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass; and sunflower oversown and intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass, totalizing 20 experimental silos. Sunflower and Paiaguas palisadegrass were harvested at 110 days after planting at 20 cm from the soil for silage, using brush cutter. The silos were opened after 53 days of fermentation. The rows and inter-row intercropped systems contributed to increase the mass production of the ensiled material. The monocropped sunflower silage had higher values of pH, ethereal extract and acid detergent fiber and lower values of titratable acidity and dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and in vitro dry matter digestibility values. The silages of the sunflower intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass in forage systems of crop-livestock integration presented better fermentative and bromatological characteristics, guaranteeing an adequate fermentative process and nutritional quality. In this way, the intercropping of these two forages potentiates the production of silage for feeding of ruminants during the period of forage shortage.

Storage Losses From Large Round Bales of Alfalfa, Tall Fescue, and Big Bluestem Hay

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-454
Author(s):  
L. W. Lomas ◽  
J. W. Slocombe ◽  
G. A. Milliken
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Crushed Rock ◽  
Big Bluestem ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Storage Losses ◽  
Storage Location ◽  
Large Round

Abstract. An 18-month study was conducted to evaluate the effects of storage location, wrapping material, storage surface, and cover on losses of dry matter (DM) and nutrients from large round hay bales. The study consisted of (n=40 bales each) of alfalfa ( L.), tall fescue [ (Schreb.) S.J. Darbyshire], and big bluestem () hay. Bales were wrapped with plastic twine or plastic net and stored indoors or outdoors. Bales stored outdoors were placed on soil or crushed rock with either no cover or thetophalf covered by a tarp. Bales were individually weighed and sampled at harvest and again after 6, 12, and 18 months of storage. Samples were analyzed for DM, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF), and total digestible nutrient (TDN) values were calculated. After 18 months of storage, alfalfa and fescue hay stored inside had a greater (P<0.05) DM concentration and smaller (P<0.05) DM loss than hay stored outside. Storage location and/or treatment had no effect (P>0.05) on DM loss from big bluestem hay. Across all hay types, net-wrapped bales stored outside had numerically smaller DM loss than twine-wrapped bales; however, differences in most cases were not significant (P>0.05). Alfalfa bales stored outside on crushed rock had smaller (P<0.05) DM loss than those stored on soil 18 months after harvest. Storage surface had little or no effect on DM loss from tall fescue and big bluestem hay at any sampling time. Covering the top half of the bale consistently reduced DM loss from alfalfa and tall fescue hay stored outside, but had no effect (P>0.05) on storage losses from big bluestem hay. The effects of storage treatment on CP, NDF, ADF, and TDN were small and in most cases were not significant (P>0.05). The results of this study indicate that alfalfa hay should either be stored inside, or outside on rock with the top-half covered to minimize DM loss. Fescue and big bluestem hay can be stored outside with minimal losses using any of the storage treatments evaluated provided bales are stored on a well-drained surface. Keywords: Alfalfa, Big bluestem, Dry matter, Hay, Net-wrap, Quality, Round bales, Storage losses, Tall fescue.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and fermentation characteristics of elephant grass silage with biodiesel industry co-products

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 718-723
Author(s):  
Eric Haydt Castello Branco van Cleef ◽  
José Cleto da Silva Filho ◽  
Arnaldo Prata Neiva Júnior ◽  
René Maurício Patiño Pardo ◽  
Aníbal Coutinho do Rêgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Physic Nut ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Animal Feeding ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of three concentrations (3, 6, and 9%) of forage turnip (Raphanus sativus) and physic nut (Jatropha curcas) cakes on dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, lignin, acid detergent insoluble nitrogen neutral detergent insoluble nitrogen contents, in vitro dry matter digestibility, pH values and concentrations of N-NH3 in elephant grass silages. It was used an entirely randomized design in factorial arrangement [(2×3)+1]. Experimental PVC silos were used and ensiled material was kept for 62 days. The addition of cakes increased the dry matter contents (P<0.05). The fibrous fractions were reduced (P<0.05) with the inclusion of cakes during the grass ensilage and the CP contents increased (P<0.05). The forage turnip cake provided the same pH and N-NH3 values in ideal levels and the physic nut, added to 9%, increased those values (P<0.05). IVDMD was reduced (P<0.05) when the cakes were added. These co-products can be used in small amounts for elephant grass ensilage in order to provide improvement in chemical and fermentation characteristics of the silages. Nevertheless, physic nut cake shows limitations for its use in animal feeding due to the presence of toxic compounds, making necessary studies for their identification and elimination.

scholarly journals Nutritive value of sugarcane silage treated with chemical additives

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateus Castilho Santos ◽  
Luiz Gustavo Nussio ◽  
Gerson Barreto Mourão ◽  
Patrick Schmidt ◽  
Lucas José Mari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Content Range

The use of ensiled sugarcane has been increased lately in Brazil due to the benefits that this technique represents. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of chemical additives on the nutritive value of sugarcane silages. The trial was carried out in a completely randomized experimental design with four replicates per treatment. The following additives were applied onto the fresh forage before ensiling: L. buchneri, lime or limestone, 1.0 and 1.5% (wet basis) each, and gypsum 1.0% (wet basis), all of them diluted into 40 L of water per ton of fresh weight of forage. The analyzed variables were: ash, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and organic and dry matter digestibility. The addition of lime or limestone before ensiling produced silages with higher nutritive value compared to all other treatments, due to the increase of the ash content and dry matter and organic digestibility, and also by reducing the fiber content. The crude protein content range was similar to the values observed in the fresh forage. The treatments containing L. buchneri or gypsum were ineffective in improving the nutritive value of sugarcane silages and became similar to the control silages. Treatment containing lime or limestone improved the nutritive value of the sugarcane silage.

scholarly journals Assesment of Biochemical Forage Quality of Sweet Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench ssp. saccharatum]

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Abdullah Oktem ◽  
Celal Yucel ◽  
Ayse Gulgun Oktem
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

In this study, it was aimed to determine some forage quality characteristics of sweet sorghum genotypes in semi-arid climatic conditions. The experiment was set up in randomized complete block design with 4 replicates. Research was carried out in 2016 and 2017 under Harran Plain second crop conditions, Sanliurfa, Turkey. In the study 21 genotypes of sweet sorghum were used. Crude protein content, crude ash, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), dry matter digestibility, dry matter consumption, were determined in the study. Significant differences were found between the genotypes for tested characteristics (P≤0.01). According to average of two years, crude protein content ranged from 4.20% (Tracy) to 5.90% (USDA S.Africa), crude ash from 4.44% (Theis) to 6.90% (Topper 76), acid detergent fiber (ADF) from 27.84% (Nebraska sugar) to 36.30% (USDA-Zaire). The highest NDF value was obtained from USDA-Zaire genotype (56.49%) whereas the lowest values were seen at N98 genotype (43.11%). Dry matter digestibility values were between 60.62% (USDA-Zaire) and 67.21% (Nebraska sugar), dry matter consumption between 2.14% and 2.85%. The highest relative feed value was obtained from N98 genotype (148.95) whereas the lowest values were seen at USDA-Zaire genotype (101.00). Net energy values ranged from 1.38 Mcal kg-1 (USDA-Zaire) to 1.50 Mcal kg-1 (Nebraska sugar). Considering the properties examined in terms of feed quality, it was seen that the crude protein content and net energy value was low. But ADF, NDF, digestible dry matter, dry matter consumption and relative feed values were within acceptable levels. Nebraska sugar, Topper 76, N98, Roma, M81E, Tracy and Corina genotypes were found as the best for forage quality in sweet sorghum. It was determined that sweet sorghum can be used as a forage source.

scholarly journals Sustentabilidad de la producción caprina en la meseta central de Mendoza, Argentina

Tequio ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Patricio Dayenoff ◽  
Javier Macario
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
The Media ◽  
Plateau Central

The objective of the present work was know the botanical composition of the goat's intake in natural pasture, between them years 2011-2013, and the quality forage of them species that greater participation presented along them cycles vegetative covered between 2013-2015, in the Plateau Central of Mendoza. This was evaluated in 54 Criollo adult goats by Fecal Micro-histology method in Regrowth, Flowering and vegetative Latency phases. Forage quality of species with greater participation was assessed by levels of crude protein, Official Methods of Analices (AOAC, 1980), Neutral Detergent Fiber, Acid Detergent Fiber (Van Soest, Robertson and Lewis, 1991) and Digestibility In Vitro Dry Matter (Barnes and Marten, 1980). The media and standard desviation was studied by ANAVA and Tukey test. The bushes were the most consumed species, 53.03% on Regrowth, 64.7%, in Florewing and 74.2% in Latency, highlighting species Lycium sp., Schinus sp. and Prosopis sp, as which participated in the three phenological moments of the natural pasture, with levels of intake upper to the 8% in, each moment

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Digestibility of Six Species of Fodder (Fabaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliseo Sosa-Montes ◽  
Sergio Iban Mendoza-Pedroza ◽  
Perpetuo Álvarez-Vázquez ◽  
Pablo Alfredo Domínguez-Martínez ◽  
Ricardo Barcena-Gama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Acacia Angustissima ◽  
Low Levels

Objectives: To determine the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of Acacia angustissima, Dalea spp., Desmodium spp., Leucaena leucocephala, Phaseolus vulgaris and Tephrosia vicioides (Fabaceae) fodder species. Design/Methodology/Approach: Crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), crude lignin (CL), cellulose (Cel), hemicellulose (Hcel), cellular content (CC) and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) were determined. The design was completely random with three repetitions. The variables were correlated by pairs and the means of the species were compared with Tukey’s test (P<0.05). Results: Dalea spp. had the highest crude protein (17.7%), followed by A. angustissima (15.9%) and L. leucocephala (14.1%). A. angustissima (73.2%), Dalea spp. (74.9%) and P. vulgaris (77.5%) showed the highest IVDMD. L. leucocephala, Tephrosia vicioides and Desmodium spp. showed the lowest values of CP (14.1, 11.8 and 12.3%, respectively) and IVDMD (70.4, 70.2 and 64.9%, respectively). Desmodium spp. showed high levels of NDF (59.2%), ADF (41.4%), CL (17.5%), Cel (29.7%) and Hcel (17.8%) (P?0.05). IVDMD showed positive correlation with CC and negative correlations with NDF, CL, and Hcel (P<0.05). Study Limitations/Implications: Desmodium spp. showed high content of CL and low values of CP and IVDMD, therefore supplements should be added when used in animal feed. Findings/Conclusions: Dalea spp. showed low levels of lignin and high levels of protein and digestibility, making it posible to use as feed for ruminants

scholarly journals Identification of the predictors of preference for alfalfa hay by equines

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-314
Author(s):  
Kátia de Oliveira ◽  
Janaína Carolina de Sá ◽  
Ciniro Costa ◽  
Paulo Roberto de Lima Meirelles ◽  
Daniele Floriano Fachiolli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Type A ◽  
Type B ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Short Period ◽  
High Level

SUMMARY The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of preference for alfalfa hay by equines. A total of 15 quarter horses, at average age and body weight of 10 years and 500 kg were used, respectively. It was conducted an evaluation to identify the preference for alfalfa hay by horses by short-period tests of 10 min. This evaluation was conducted in pairs for each test hay (1-30), available on the market, against each standard (A, B, C), until the completion of all resulting combinations. Alfalfa hays classified as A, B and C, contained on average 22.88, 17.78 and 13.16% of crude protein, respectively. The evaluated variables were constituted by ethological, morphological, microbiological, bromatological and biological analysis. The horses showed a preference for the type A of alfalfa hay, followed by type B and C. The preference for alfalfa hay type A can be predicted by the equation: Pref . A = − 98.19 + 1.61 ( acid detergent fiber ) + 1.53 ( in vitro dry matter digestibility ) + 18.54 ( stem thickness ) − 0.03 ( acid detergent fiber x in vitro dry matter digestibility ) − 0.02 ( acid detergent fiber x stem thickness ) − 0.28 ( in vitro dry matter digestibility x stem thickness ) , r 2 = 0.31 , P = 0.0044. It was concluded that horses showed preference to alfalfa hay, wherein the best type A bales. Therefore to predict of preference of the equines for high quality alfalfa hay it's necessary to select bales with lower values of stem thickness and fiber in acid detergent, as well as presenting high level of dry matter digestibility.

scholarly journals Nutritional characteristics of sorghum hybrids hay (sorghum sudanense x sorghum bicolor)

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Henrique Melo e Lima ◽  
Daniel Ananias de Assis Pires ◽  
Marielly Maria Almeida Moura ◽  
Renê Ferreira Costa ◽  
José Avelino Santos Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Extract Content ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics

This study evaluated the nutritional characteristics of hay of nineteen hybrids between sorghum and Sudan grass. The experimental design was a randomized block with nineteen treatments and three replications. The chemical characteristics of the respective hays were analyzed 52 days after sowing and 45 and 49 regrowth days. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance, and when the F test was significant, the treatment means were compared by the Scott and Knott test at 5%. Genotypes 1013026 and 1014020 showed similar dry matter content. As for ether extract content, the highest values ranged from 2.20 to 2.66%. Higher values of minerals were observed in hybrids 1013026 and 1011005. In relation to crude protein, higher content values were reported for hybrids 1013021 and 1013020 (14.59 and 15.47% CP). When evaluating the neutral detergent fiber content, lower values varied between 56.05 and 57.07% for hybrids 1013016 and 1011009. Considering the content of acid detergent fiber, values ranged from 32.70 to 35.78%. Values of dry matter digestibility were higher than 50%. All hybrids provide quality hay, however the hybrid 1014019 showed the best nutritional value. 

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