Eliciting National and Subnational Sets of Disability Weights in Mainland China: Findings From the Chinese Disability Weight Measurement Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxue Liu ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Chuanhua Yu ◽  
Maigeng Zhou ◽  
Yong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mainland China ◽  
Disability Weight ◽  
Measurement Study ◽  
Weight Measurement ◽  
Disability Weights

Data inputs and assumptions in calculating the non-fatal burden in burden of disease studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Haagsma ◽  
G Wyper ◽  
B Devleesschauwer
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Disability Weight ◽  
Health States ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
Disability Weights ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Simple Step ◽  
Years Lived With Disability ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Year

Abstract Years Lived with Disability (YLD) is a component of the Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY), and measures the healthy time that is lost because of living with a disease or disability. YLDs are calculated by multiplying the prevalence and/or incidence of a disorder by the short- or long-term loss of health associated with that disability (the disability weight) and disease severity (severity distribution). The process of calculating a YLD involves several components and in this presentation each step will be highlighted through a sequential walk through for each step in the YLD calculation, including counting disease occurrencethe relationship between disability weights, health states and severity distributionsadjusting for comorbiditiesdealing with uncertainty The aim of this presentation is to provide a simple step by step guide on the key components in the YLD calculation. Using the real-life example of cerebrovascular disease, the presentation will outline the key choices and assumptions that underline each data input in the YLD calculation. Participants in this session will also be provided with links to resources to help facilitate this decision-making process. The workshop will end with an interactive session where the presenters will discuss the implications of the different methodological choices with the audience.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Disability Weights for Alcohol Use Disorders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiraluck Nontarak ◽  
Sawitri Assanangkornchai ◽  
Sarah Callinan
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Disability Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Valuation Methods ◽  
Disability Weights

Objective: This study aims to determine and compare the disability weights of alcohol use disorders (AUD) based on responses from AUD patients and a non-patient population using three valuation methods. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected from three hospitals in southern Thailand. Two groups of participants were recruited: 150 patients diagnosed with AUD and a control group containing 150 persons without AUD. Both groups were asked to rate the AUD health states using a visual analogue scale (VAS), and again using either the European Quality of Life-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) instrument or the time trade-off (TTO) technique. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews. Results: The mean disability weights, based on the VAS, TTO and EQ-5D valuation methods obtained from AUD patients were: 0.485, 0.405, and 0.311, respectively, while those obtained from the control group were: 0.541, 0.330, and 0.237, respectively. Disability weights had a positive correlation with AUD severity levels. Employment status and family income were significantly associated with VAS disability weight among the control group. Conclusion: The use of three different instruments to calculate disability weights for people with AUD is feasible in Thailand. The disability weights differ depending on the valuation methods used and respondent groups.

scholarly journals Revised estimates of leprosy disability weights for assessing the global burden of disease: A systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. e0009209
Author(s):  
Shri Lak Nanjan Chandran ◽  
Anuj Tiwari ◽  
Anselmo Alves Lustosa ◽  
Betul Demir ◽  
Bob Bowers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Individual Patient Data ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Disability Weight ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Disability Weights ◽  
Level Data

Background Leprosy is a chronic bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which may lead to physical disability, stigma, and discrimination. The chronicity of the disease and disabilities are the prime contributors to the disease burden of leprosy. The current figures of the disease burden in the 2017 global burden of disease study, however, are considered to be under-estimated. In this study, we aimed to systematically review the literature and perform individual patient data meta-analysis to estimate new disability weights for leprosy, using Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) data. Methodology/principal findings The search strategy included all major databases with no restriction on language, setting, study design, or year of publication. Studies on human populations that have been affected by leprosy and recorded the HRQOL with the Short form tool, were included. A consortium was formed with authors who could share the anonymous individual-level data of their study. Mean disability weight estimates, sorted by the grade of leprosy disability as defined by WHO, were estimated for individual participant data and pooled using multivariate random-effects meta-analysis. Eight out of 14 studies from the review were included in the meta-analysis due to the availability of individual-level data (667 individuals). The overall estimated disability weight for grade 2 disability was 0.26 (95%CI: 0.18–0.34). For grade 1 disability the estimated weight was 0.19 (95%CI: 0.13–0.26) and for grade 0 disability it was 0.13 (95%CI: 0.06–0.19). The revised disability weight for grade 2 leprosy disability is four times higher than the published GBD 2017 weights for leprosy and the grade 1 disability weight is nearly twenty times higher. Conclusions/significance The global burden of leprosy is grossly underestimated. Revision of the current disability weights and inclusion of disability caused in individuals with grade 0 leprosy disability will contribute towards a more precise estimation of the global burden of leprosy.

Common values in assessing health outcomes from disease and injury: disability weights measurement study for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

The Lancet ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 380 (9859) ◽  
pp. 2129-2143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua A Salomon ◽  
Theo Vos ◽  
Daniel R Hogan ◽  
Michael Gagnon ◽  
Mohsen Naghavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Measurement Study ◽  
Common Values ◽  
Disability Weights ◽  
Disease Study

scholarly journals Estimating Disability Weight of Human Neurocysticercosis in Dali, Yunnan province, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinzhong Zang ◽  
Huanzhang Li ◽  
Menbao Qian ◽  
Yingdan Chen ◽  
Changhai Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Disability Weight ◽  
Disability Weights ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract BackgroundHuman cysticercosis, caused by the liver parasite Taenia solium, remains an important neglected tropical disease in China. In Yunnan province, a large proportion of in-patients with cysticercosis suffer from neurocysticercosis. Neurocysticercosis, though preventable, is a cause of epilepsy globally. Disability weight is an important parameter when estimating neurocysticercosis disease burden and assessing disability-adjusted life years. However, there is a paucity of information on disability weight in patients with neurocysticercosis.MethodsParticipants were separated into 2 groups and were interviewed by EQ-5D+C questionnaire in Dali prefecture, Yunnan province. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0.ResultsCompared to those in the first-visit group, health barriers were less frequently reported in all six dimensions in the follow-up group, except for the cognitive dimension. Disability weights in both the first-visit and follow-up groups were 0.3.ConclusionsThe health-related quality of life of NCC patients was seriously impaired, and cognitive competence is the most prominent health barrier. Psychological medical care should be taken as one component in the treatment of NCC patients.

scholarly journals Patients’ Self-Reported Disability Weights of Top-Ranking Diseases in Thailand: Do They Differ by Socio-Demographic and Illness Characteristics?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1595
Author(s):  
Jiraluck Nontarak ◽  
Sawitri Assanangkornchai ◽  
Sarah Callinan
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Disability Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disability Weights ◽  
Physical Disorders ◽  
The Impact

Little is known about the impact of methodological decisions on estimating disability weights among patients with mental and physical disorders, and the effects of socio-demographic status on the estimation of these weights. A cross-sectional study was conducted in three hospitals in southern Thailand to describe the disability weights based on different valuation methods. Altogether, 150 patients with major depressive disorder, 150 with alcohol use disorder, and 150 with osteoarthritis with varying levels of severity were recruited. Using a face-to-face interview, all patients completed a visual analogue scale (VAS) and were randomly assigned to complete either the European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) or Time-trade-off (TTO) instrument to estimate their current utility score, which was consequently transformed to a disability weight. Significant differences were found between disability weights derived from the three instruments for the same disease, with the VAS providing the highest and EQ-5D the lowest weights. Patients with major depressive disorder had the highest disability weight while those with osteoarthritis had lowest by most methods. Patients’ socio-demographics do not affect how they perceive their disability or health condition. Our findings highlight the importance of carefully selecting methods of valuing disability weights, which can rely on disease specific conditions.

scholarly journals Estimating epidemiological and economic burden and community derived disability weights for snake bite in Kerala: a study protocol

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Jaideep C. Menon ◽  
Denny John ◽  
Geeta R. Menon ◽  
Joseph K. Joseph ◽  
P. Rakesh Suseela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Burden ◽  
Disability Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Disability Weights ◽  
Kerala State ◽  
Years Lived With Disability

Background: In India, lack of data and underreporting of cases and deaths due to snakebite makes it difficult to estimate its socio-economic burden. Previous studies measuring economic burden of snakebite in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) using different approaches have been conducted, but none  in India. The proposed study aims to provide evidence on disability weights, epidemiological and economic burden due to snakebites in Kerala state, India. Protocol: The study is a community based cross-sectional study recruiting victims of snakebite occurring over a 12 month period prior to start of the study , across  Ernakulam district, Kerala state, India. For the community-derived disability weights,70 adult patients who were treated within a 3 month period prior to commencement of the study at Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi or Little Flower Hospital, Angamaly would be interviewed. The study will measure annual incidence, mortality, treatment cost of snakebites along with community-derived disability weights for snakebites in Ernakulam district.. Standard methods for analysis and reporting of mortality, morbidity, Years of Lives Lost (YLL), Years lived with disability (YLD), disability weights, and costs of treatment will be calculated. The study will be started in April 2021 and is expected to be completed by July2021.. Discussion: This protocol is the first published for estimating epidemiological, economic burden and community derived disability weights for snakebites in India. Besides, the Global Burden of Disease has not attached a particular disability weight to snakebite and this would be an attempt to do so. The protocol has been developed using guidelines for cross-sectional studies, cost of illness studies and international guidelines for conducting community derived disability weights. The evidence generated by this study will contribute significantly to knowledge regarding the epidemiology, economic burden and community-derived disability weights for snakebites in India and other countries where incidence of snakebite is high.

scholarly journals Estimating epidemiological and economic burden and community derived disability weights for snake bite in Kerala: a study protocol

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Jaideep C. Menon ◽  
Denny John ◽  
Geeta R. Menon ◽  
Joseph K. Joseph ◽  
P. Rakesh Suseela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Burden ◽  
Disability Weight ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Disability Weights ◽  
Costs Of Treatment ◽  
Kerala State ◽  
Years Lived With Disability

Background: In India, geographical variation, lack of data and underreporting on cases and deaths due to snakebite makes it difficult to estimate socio-economic burden of snakebites. Previous studies measuring economic burden of snakebite in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) using different approaches have been conducted, but none so far in India. The proposed study aims to provide evidence on disability weights, epidemiological and economic burden due to snakebites in Kerala state, India. Protocol: A cross-sectional community based study for estimating epidemiological and economic burden of snakebite, recruiting victims of snakebite occurring over a nine month period prior to start and over the three month period of the study, across Ernakulam district, Kerala state, India. For the community derived disability weights, 60 adult patients admitted and treated at Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi or Little Flower Hospital, Angamaly would be interviewed. The sample size to determine the mortality rate is calculated at 108,458 persons in Ernakulam.The study will measure annual incidence, mortality, treatment cost of snakebites along with community-derived disability weights for snakebites. Standard methods for analysis and reporting of mortality, morbidity, years of lives lost, years lived with disability, disability weights, and costs of treatment will be calculated and presented. The study will be started in March 2021 and is expected to be completed by June 2021. Discussion: This protocol is the first published for estimating epidemiological, economic burden and community derived disability weights for snakebites in India. Besides, the Global Burden of Disease has not attached a particular disability weight to snakebite and this would be an attempt to do so.The protocol has been developed using guidelines for both cross-sectional studies and  for conducting community derived disability weights. The evidence generated will contribute to knowledge regarding epidemiology, economic burden and community-derived disability weights for snakebites in India and other LMICs.

Confronting Modernity in the Cinemas of Taiwan and Mainland China

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonglin Lu
Keyword(s):  
Mainland China

Media Coverage of Child Sexual Abuse: Towards a New Agenda in Mainland China

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Xue ◽  
Cui Naixue ◽  
Gao Shuling
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Mainland China
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