High and Dry? The Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act and Liability Protection for Pharmaceutical Manufacturers

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Kurt Copper
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pharmaceutical Manufacturers

Risk and Protective Factors that Impact Survival in Emergencies—The Time Has Come for an Upgrade in Preventive Emergency Population Behavior

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 507-509
Author(s):  
Bruria Adini ◽  
Robert Cohen ◽  
Yaron Bar-Dayan
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Oklahoma City Bombing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Insight Into

Mapping risk and protective factors that may result in increased chances of survival or a decrease in injuries and fatalities in mass-casualty incidents (MCIs) is an important component in the process of emergency preparedness. While expert risk analyses are based on calculations of probability and damage, public estimates of risks more often are based on qualitative factors. It is important to understand how the public, and not just professional experts, perceive and react to the threat of MCIs whether they stem from natural causes or terrorism. Glenshaw et al provide valuable insight into the impressions and responses of a sample of individuals, both injured and uninjured who were involved in the Oklahoma City bombing. Their analysis helps us better understand what factors influenced the risk of injury to the individuals involved in the event. The main risk factor themes that emerged from the analysis included environmental glass, debris, and entrapment. Protective factors included knowledge of egress routes, shielding behaviors to deflect debris, and survival training. Building design and health status were reported as both risk and protective factors.

Expanding the Public Health Emergency Preparedness Competency Set to Meet Specialized Local and Evolving National Needs

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisle S. Hites ◽  
Amy V. Lafreniere ◽  
Martha S. Wingate ◽  
Ann C. Anderson ◽  
Peter M. Ginter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Emergency Preparedness

Community ready! Assessing and meeting the needs of parents in Arlington County, VA

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Marina S. Moses, DrPH, MS ◽  
Donna S. Caruso, RN, MSN ◽  
Timothy G. Otten, MPH ◽  
Sam Simmens, PhD ◽  
Tee L. Guidotti, MD, MPH
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Public Health Preparedness ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Emergency Preparedness

In March 2006, three elementary schools, composed of at least 50 percent Latino populations, were selected in Arlington, VA, to participate in a multitiered survey to evaluate parents’ emergency preparedness needs. This article describes how to identify vulnerable populations and tailor specific information and services to their public health needs. An oral survey was administered to parents in their preferred language, English or Spanish, regarding their questions, concerns, preferences, and needs pertaining to public health emergency preparedness. Major themes that emerged included the need for language and culturally sensitive preparedness information; the merit of using established community venues for parents to gather; and the importance of using group specific preferred modes of information dissemination. Significant differences were observed between English speakers and Spanish speakers’ perceived vulnerability, level of preparedness, and preferences for acquiring information. An important similarity that presented itself was that all parents surveyed regard the public school system as safe, trustworthy, and best suited for providing public health preparedness information to the community. Based on this study, an innovative model is being developed called Community Ready! which will be an all-hazards approach to public health preparedness outreach that will be reproducible in other municipalities and school districts.

The Nature of the Public Health Emergency Preparedness Literature 2000-2008

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 441-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie A. Yeager ◽  
Nir Menachemi ◽  
Lisa C. McCormick ◽  
Peter M. Ginter
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Emergency Preparedness

Protecting the Mental Health of First Responders: Legal and Ethical Considerations

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (S1) ◽  
pp. 56-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lainie Rutkow ◽  
Lance Gable ◽  
Jonathan M. Links
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Human Services ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
First Responders ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
The Public

The public safety, human services, health, and relief workers who comprise the first wave of a response to natural or man-made disasters play a critical role in emergency preparedness. These first responders provide care and services in the immediate aftermath of emergencies and may remain in affected communities for weeks or months. They often work long hours under stressful conditions, witnessing the human harms, physical destruction, and psychological devastation that can accompany disasters.

Assessment of Emergency Preparedness of Households in Israel for War—Current Status

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moran Bodas ◽  
Maya Siman-Tov ◽  
Shulamith Kreitler ◽  
Kobi Peleg
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Home Front ◽  
Current Status ◽  
The Public ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Regional Conflict ◽  
Israeli Population ◽  
Substantial Investment ◽  
Household Preparedness ◽  
Search For Information

AbstractObjectiveIn recent decades, many efforts have been made, both globally and locally, to enhance household preparedness for emergencies. In the State of Israel in particular, substantial investment has been made throughout the years in preparing the population for one of the major threats to the civilian population—a rapidly deteriorating regional conflict that involves high-trajectory weapons (ie, rocket and missile fire) launched at the home front. The purpose of this study was to examine the current preparedness level of the Israeli public for this threat and determine the correlates of such preparedness with known factors.MethodsA telephone-based, random sampling of 503 households representative of the Israeli population was carried out during October 2013. The questionnaire examined the level of household preparedness as well as attitudes towards threat perception, responsibility, willingness to search for information, and sense of preparedness. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the level of preparedness in the general population and to find correlates to this preparedness in attitudes and demographic variables.ResultsMore than half of the sample reported complying with 50% or fewer of the actions recommended by the Israeli Home Front Command. Having an increased sense of preparedness and willingness to search for related information were positively correlated with actual household preparedness, and the latter was also found to be the most predictive variable of household preparedness.ConclusionsAlthough the overall household preparedness reported is mediocre, the level of preparedness found in this study suggests better preparedness of the population in Israel for its primary threat. The findings suggest that in order to promote preparedness of the Israeli public for war, emphasis should be put on increasing the public demand for information and encouraging people to evaluate their sense of preparedness. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;9:382–390)

A Primer of Drug Safety Surveillance: An Industry Perspective

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 162-167
Author(s):  
Marjorie C. Allan
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Event ◽  
Drug Safety ◽  
Adverse Drug Event ◽  
Drug Event ◽  
Event Data ◽  
The Public ◽  
Safety Surveillance ◽  
Pharmaceutical Manufacturers ◽  
Drug Safety Surveillance ◽  
Clinical Drug

Objective: To place the fundamentals of clinical drug safety surveillance in a conceptual framework that will facilitate understanding and application of adverse drug event data to protect the health of the public and support a market for pharmaceutical manufacturers' products. Part I of this series provides a background for the discussion of drug safety by defining the basic terms and showing the flow of safety information through a pharmaceutical company. The customers for adverse drug event data are identified to provide a basis for providing quality service. The development of a drug product is briefly reviewed to show the evolution of safety data. Drug development and safety are defined by federal regulations. These regulations are developed by the FDA with information from pharmaceutical manufacturers. The intent of the regulations and the accompanying guidelines is described. An illustration from the news media is cited to show an alternative, positive approach to handling an adverse event report. Data Sources: This review uses primary sources from the federal laws (regulations), commentaries, and summaries. Very complex topics are briefly summarized in the text and additional readings are presented in an appendix. Secondary sources, ranging from newspaper articles to judicial summaries, illustrate the interpretation of adverse drug events and opportunities for drug safety surveillance intervention. Study Selection: The reference materials used were articles theoretically or practically applicable in the day-to-day practice of drug safety surveillance. Data Synthesis: The role of clinical drug safety surveillance in product monitoring and drug development is described. The process of drug safety surveillance is defined by the Food and Drug Administration regulations, product labeling, product knowledge, and database management. Database management is subdivided into the functions of receipt, retention, retrieval, and review of adverse event reports. Emphasis is placed on the dynamic interaction of the components of the process. Suggestions are offered to facilitate communication of a review of adverse event data for various audiences. Conclusions: Careful drug safety surveillance is beneficial to the health of the public and the commercial well-being of the manufacturer. Attention to basic principles is essential and, as illustrated, may be sufficient to resolve some problems.

scholarly journals Avoiding isolation: Physical activity for persons with disabilities and Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol Supplement 1 (13) ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
PELIN AKSEN-CENGIZHAN ◽  
ALI AHMET DOGAN ◽  
OZKAN ISIK
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Plain Language ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Daily Exercise ◽  
Public Health Messages ◽  
Emergency Preparedness And Response ◽  
Media Channels

It was aimed in this article to draw attention to the following issues: the importance of issuing guidelines on what countries can or should do in order for individuals with disabilities to maintain their daily exercises or physical activity routines, and informing the public about it; the importance of considering the needs of a person with disabilities in emergency preparedness and response plans of the countries affected by the Covid-19 pandemic; the importance of the dissemination of public health messages in plain language and accessible formats through all mass media channels; the importance of providing psychosocial support to persons with disabilities and their families; and, the importance of strengthening support networks for persons with disabilities. In the research, the literature on Covid-19 and physical activity in disabilities published in 2020 was scanned via Pubmed and Google Scholar, and the study was designed as a review. Analysis of the related literature showed that it is important to develop a habit of performing regular physical activity in disabilities and to continue these activities especially during the pandemic period. In this review, persons with disabilities should be informed about what they can or should do to maintain their daily exercise or physical activity routines.

scholarly journals Assessment of communication needs and planning communication actions during health crises

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 712-716
Author(s):  
Athanasios Zafeirakis ◽  
Panagiotis Efstathiou
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Preparedness Planning ◽  
Response Recovery ◽  
Profound Knowledge ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
Warning Response

Health crisis communication (HCC) is a challenging and urgent task of the emergency preparedness planning of any welfare state. In this paper, some particular reasons for that will be more specifically analyzed. The action flow of HCC includes the phases of preparedness, warning, response, recovery, and evaluation. For a successful HCC detailed guidelines are also needed, along with profound knowledge of how the crisis stakeholders should deal with the psychological needs of the citizens and the mass media, as well as with some specific technical items. The ultimate implication of HCC is that the public is aware of its right to make informed choices after having been actively involved in the procedure of risk decisions making.

scholarly journals Transparency and stakeholder engagement in nuclear or radiological emergency management

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. S243-S248 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Perko ◽  
M. Martell ◽  
C. Turcanu
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Stakeholder Engagement ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Radiological Emergency ◽  
The Public ◽  
Environmental Decision Making ◽  
Emergency Preparedness And Response

Stakeholder involvement and transparency are strongly interrelated. Stakeholder involvement is key to strengthening transparency, while transparency is necessary for effective stakeholder involvement. International and European legal requirements in environmental decision-making, radiation protection, nuclear safety and emergency preparedness and response call for increasing levels of transparency and stakeholder engagement. However, recent nuclear or radiological events demonstrate that transparency and engagement in practice are perceived differently by authorities, media and the public. Research conducted in this study by means of a questionnaire sent to authorities responsible for nuclear/radiological emergency management shows a range of challenges related to transparency during a nuclear or radiological emergency, e.g. fear of panic or timely and proper information. Few countries use the full potential of tools and methods for stakeholder engagement in emergency preparedness, although these may also contribute to improved transparency. Despite lessons learned to enhance transparency and stakeholder engagement in nuclear or radiological emergency management, there is room for improvement at a practical level and for finding a common understanding among stakeholders.

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