Determinants of Dental Health Problems Among Adult Patients at Dental Clinic, Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: Unmatched Case–Control Study

Background. Africans are experiencing a rapid epidemiological transition characterized by urbanization and lifestyle changes, which are thought to contribute to increased incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in many African countries, including Ethiopia. Despite this, however, there is scarcity of evidence on cardiovascular disease risk factors among adults in the current research setting. This study thus aimed at assessing determinants of selected cardiovascular diseases among adult patients at Debre Berhan Referral Hospital (DBRH). Methodology. An unmatched case-control study was conducted on 143 newly diagnosed patients with CVDs and 286 controls at the cardiac clinic of DBRH from June to September 2017. Primary data were collected using the WHO-STEPS wise structured questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify potential risk factors for cardiovascular diseases at p values < 0.05. Result. The mean age of study participants is estimated as 45.5±13.8 and ranges from 25 to 64 years. Sixty-one (42.7%) of cases and 147 (51.4%) of controls are males. Half of the cases (49.9%) had ischemic heart diseases (IHD), and 44.1% of cases had hypertensive heart disease (HHD), whereas the rest had chronic valvular heart disease (CRVHD) (4.2%) and peripheral and vascular disease (2.1%). This study identified older age as a risk factor for CVD: age group 35–44 years (adjusted odds ratio AOR=2.20; 95% CI: 1.05–4.62), 45-54 years (AOR=4.23; 95% CI: 2.19–8.16), and 55-64 years (AOR=5.98; 95% CI: 3.26–10.98). Other risk factors were smoking history (AOR=9.52; 95% CI: 2.12–42.8), low level of physical activity (AOR=2.19; 95% CI: 1.10–5.02), and higher waist circumference (AOR=2.75; 95% CI: 1.16–6.56). Conclusion. This study has demonstrated that the most frequent risk factors for CVD were older age, cigarette smoking, physical inactivity, and abdominal obesity. Therefore, behavior change communication focusing on lifestyle modification including regular physical activities, smoking cessation, and a balanced diet should be strengthened.

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Individual risk factors of metabolic syndrome in adult patients with GH deficiency: a cross-sectional case-control study

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.35.p939 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Ivayla Uzunova ◽

Georgi Kirilov ◽

Sabina Zacharieva ◽

Alexander Shinkov ◽

Anna-Maria Borissova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Gh Deficiency ◽

Case Control ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Individual Risk ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Individual Risk Factors ◽

Control Study

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Photophobia and disability glare in adult patients with Marfan syndrome: a case–control study

Acta Ophthalmologica ◽

10.1111/aos.14935 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gunhild Falleth Sandvik ◽

Svend Rand‐Hendriksen ◽

Liv Drolsum ◽

Olav Kristianslund

Keyword(s):

Marfan Syndrome ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Disability Glare ◽

Control Study

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Determinants of stillbirths among women who gave birth at Hawassa university comprehensive specialized hospital, Hawassa, Sidama, Ethiopia 2019: a case-control study

Maternal Health Neonatology and Perinatology ◽

10.1186/s40748-021-00128-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rekiku Fikre ◽

Samuel Ejeta ◽

Taye Gari ◽

Akalewold Alemayhu

Keyword(s):

Case Control Study ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Positive Association ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Case Control ◽

Obstructed Labor ◽

Specialized Hospital ◽

Prolonged Labor ◽

Hawassa University ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background Globally over 2.6 million pregnancy ends with stillbirth annually. Despite this fact, only a few sherds of evidence were available about factors associated with stillbirth in Ethiopia. Therefore, the study aimed to spot factors related to stillbirth among women who gave birth at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Hawassa, Sidama Ethiopia, 2019. Methods Facility-based unmatched case-control study was conducted at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Cases were selected using simple random sampling technique and controls were recruited to the study consecutively after every case selection with case to control ratio of 1 to 3. Data were coded and entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 24 for analysis. Results A total of 106 cases and 318 controls were included in the study. Number of antenatal care visit [AOR = 0.38, 95% CI (0.15, 0.95)], lack of partograph utilization [AOR = 4.1 95% CI (2.04, 10.5)], prolonged labor [AOR = 6.5, 95% CI (2.9, 14.4)], obstructed labor [AOR = 3.5, 95% CI (1.5, 9.4)], and congenital defect [AOR = 9.7, 95% CI (4.08, 23.0)] were significantly associated with stillbirth. Conclusion Absence of partograph utilization, prolonged labor, obstructed labor, antepartum hemorrhage and congenital anomaly were found to have positive association with stillbirth.

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