scholarly journals The role of IL-1 inhibition in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: current status and future perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol Volume 12 ◽  
pp. 1633-1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataša Toplak ◽  
Stefan Blazina ◽  
Tadej Avčin
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Perspectives

Role of Pharmacogenomics in Antiepileptic Drug Therapy: Current Status and Future Perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (37) ◽  
pp. 5760-5765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Gambardella ◽  
Angelo Labate ◽  
Laura Mumoli ◽  
Iscia Lopes-Cendes ◽  
Fernando Cendes
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug Therapy

scholarly journals ROLE OF HERBAL MEDICINES IN VITILIGO TREATMENT - CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhakrishnan Narayanaswamy ◽  
Intan Safinar Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Psoralea Corylifolia ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Ammi Visnaga ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Vitiligo is a depigmentation disorder with complex causes. Nonetheless, recent progress has been made to unravel the pathophysiology of vitiligo. In this review, we provide an overview of the currently known herbal medicine for vitiligo treatment and also highlighted the herbs that have been used in clinical trials. In view of traditional uses, herbs such as Ammi visnaga L., Angelica sinensis, Eclipta alba L, Ginkgo biloba, Picrorhiza kurroa Royle Ex Benth, and Psoralea corylifolia L, have been highlighted. Enormous efforts in vitiligo drug discovery are currently needed. Interleukin-17 inhibition, tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibition, heat shock protein-70i (HSP70i) inhibition, keratinocyte turnover modulators, and regulatory T cells (Tregs) modulators have been discussed as promising new targets for vitiligo drug development. Thus, we strongly believe that this review may be useful for rationalize new herbal drug for vitiligo treatment.

scholarly journals The potential diagnostic and prognostic role of extracellular vesicles in glioma: current status and future perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulfikar Azam ◽  
Véronique Quillien ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
Shing-Shun Tony To
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Prognostic Role

The role of ultrasound elastographic techniques in chronic liver disease: Current status and future perspectives

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Piscaglia ◽  
Sara Marinelli ◽  
Simona Bota ◽  
Carla Serra ◽  
Laura Venerandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Perspectives

scholarly journals An Update on the Pathogenic Role of Neutrophils in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Adult-Onset Still’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 13038
Author(s):  
Ji-Won Kim ◽  
Mi-Hyun Ahn ◽  
Ju-Yang Jung ◽  
Chang-Hee Suh ◽  
Hyoun-Ah Kim
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Adult Onset Still’S Disease ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Still’S Disease ◽  
Still's Disease ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Adult Onset Still's Disease

Neutrophils are innate immune phagocytes that play a key role in immune defense against invading pathogens. The main offensive mechanisms of neutrophils are the phagocytosis of pathogens, release of granules, and production of cytokines. The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has been described as a novel defense mechanism in the literature. NETs are a network of fibers assembled from chromatin deoxyribonucleic acid, histones, and neutrophil granule proteins that have the ability to kill pathogens, while they can also cause toxic effects in hosts. Activated neutrophils with NET formation stimulate autoimmune responses related to a wide range of inflammatory autoimmune diseases by exposing autoantigens in susceptible individuals. The association between increased NET formation and autoimmunity was first reported in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-related vasculitis, and the role of NETs in various diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis, has since been elucidated in research. Herein, we discuss the mechanistic role of neutrophils, including NETs, in the pathogenesis of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) and adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD), and provide their clinical values as biomarkers for monitoring and prognosis.

Role of the 5-HT7 Receptor in the Central Nervous System: from Current Status to Future Perspectives

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Matthys ◽  
Guy Haegeman ◽  
Kathleen Van Craenenbroeck ◽  
Peter Vanhoenacker
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals The promising role of noncoding RNAs in cancer-associated fibroblasts: an overview of current status and future perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zengli Fang ◽  
Jin Xu ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Jiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Cancer Associated Fibroblasts ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Metabolic Characteristics ◽  
Complex Regulatory Network

AbstractAs the most important component of the stromal cell population in the tumor microenvironment (TME), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are crucial players in tumor initiation and progression. The interaction between CAFs and tumor cells, as well as the resulting effect, is much greater than initially expected. Numerous studies have shown that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play an irreplaceable role in this interplay, and related evidence continues to emerge and advance. Under the action of ncRNAs, normal fibroblasts are directly or indirectly activated into CAFs, and their metabolic characteristics are changed; thus, CAFs can more effectively promote tumor progression. Moreover, via ncRNAs, activated CAFs can affect the gene expression and secretory characteristics of cells, alter the TME and enhance malignant biological processes in tumor cells to contribute to tumor promotion. Previously, ncRNA dysregulation was considered the main mechanism by which ncRNAs participate in the crosstalk between CAFs and tumor cells. Recently, however, exosomes containing ncRNAs have been identified as another vital mode of interaction between these two types of cells, with a more direct and clear function. Gaining an in-depth understanding of ncRNAs in CAFs and the complex regulatory network connecting CAFs with tumor cells might help us to establish more effective and safer approaches for cancer therapies targeting ncRNAs and CAFs and offer new hope for cancer patients.

Elevated circulating levels of interferon-γ and interferon-γ-induced chemokines characterise patients with macrophage activation syndrome complicating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Bracaglia ◽  
Kathy de Graaf ◽  
Denise Pires Marafon ◽  
Florence Guilhot ◽  
Walter Ferlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Macrophage Activation Syndrome ◽  
Macrophage Activation ◽  
Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Activation Syndrome

ObjectivesInterferon-γ (IFNγ) is the pivotal mediator in murine models of primary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (pHLH). Given the similarities between primary and secondary HLH (sec-HLH), including macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), we investigate the involvement of the IFNγ pathway in MAS by evaluating levels of IFNγ and of the induced chemokines, and their relation with laboratory parameters of MAS in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) patients with MAS and in a murine MAS model.MethodsThe Luminex multiplexing assay was used to assess serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IFNγ and of the IFNγ-induced chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 in patients with sec-HLH (n=11) and in patients with sJIA (n=54), of whom 20 had active MAS at sampling. Expression of IFNγ-induced chemokines was assessed in IL-6 transgenic mice in which MAS is induced by TLR4 stimulation with lipopolysaccharide.ResultsLevels of IFNγ and of IFNγ-induced chemokines were markedly elevated during active MAS and sec-HLH and were significantly higher in patients with MAS compared with active sJIA without MAS. Levels in patients with active sJIA without MAS were comparable to those of patients with clinically inactive sJIA. During MAS, ferritin and alanine transferase levels and neutrophil and platelet counts were significantly correlated with serum levels of IFNγ and CXCL9. In murine MAS, serum levels of ferritin were significantly correlated with mRNA levels of Cxcl9 in liver and spleen.ConclusionsThe high levels of IFNγ and of IFNγ-induced chemokines and their correlation with the severity of laboratory abnormalities of MAS suggest a pivotal role of IFNγ in MAS.

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