Comparison of Different Functional Tests for Leg Power and Normative Bilateral Asymmetry Index in Healthy Collegiate Athletes

Diabetes mellitus is a globally prevalent metabolic disease which results in altered plantar mechanical properties and foot ulcer. In this study, the bilateral asymmetry of mechanical properties for plantar soft tissue is investigated in healthy and diabetic conditions. Myotonometric signals are acquired from sub-metatarsal region of the plantar faces of healthy subjects and patients with varied diabetic age. Mechanical parameters such as dynamic stiffness and logarithmic decrement are extracted from the recorded signal. The asymmetry indices between right and left feet are computed. Statistical analysis shows that the spatial pattern of dynamic stiffness and logarithmic decrement varies significantly between healthy and diabetic subjects. The asymmetry index of dynamic stiffness in the fifth sub-metatarsal head can differentiate between healthy subjects and patients with both high and low diabetic age (p<0.05). The asymmetry index of logarithmic decrement is found to vary significantly between the healthy subjects and patients with higher diabetic age (p<0.05). These results indicate that bilateral asymmetry of myotonometric parameters can be exploited as a possible biomarker to differentiate diabetic patients from healthy subjects and can aid in the early detection of foot ulcer.

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Assessment of Bilateral Asymmetry in Cycling Using a Commercial Instrumented Crank System and Instrumented Pedals

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2013-0494 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 876-881 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Rodrigo R. Bini ◽

Patria A. Hume

Keyword(s):

Power Output ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Peak Torque ◽

Asymmetry Index ◽

Effect Sizes ◽

Bilateral Asymmetry ◽

Cycling Test ◽

Torque Measurements ◽

Higher Power ◽

Competitive Cyclists

The accuracy of commercial instrumented crank systems for symmetry assessment in cycling has not been fully explored. Therefore, the authors’ aims were to compare peak crank torque between a commercial instrumented crank system and instrumented pedals and to assess the effect of power output on bilateral asymmetries during cycling. Ten competitive cyclists performed an incremental cycling test to exhaustion. Forces and pedal angles were recorded using right and left instrumented pedals synchronized with crank-torque measurements using an instrumented crank system. Differences in right (dominant) and left (nondominant) peak torque and asymmetry index were assessed using effect sizes. In the 100- to 250-W power-output range, the instrumented pedal system recorded larger peak torque (dominant 55–122%, nondominant 23–99%) than the instrumented crank system. There was an increase in differences between dominant and nondominant crank torque as power output increased using the instrumented crank system (7% to 33%) and the instrumented pedals (9% to 66%). Lower-limb asymmetries in peak torque increased at higher power-output levels in favor of the dominant leg. Limitations in design of the instrumented crank system may preclude the use of this system to assess peak crank-torque symmetry.

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Relationship Between Bilateral Differences in Single-Leg Jumps and Asymmetry in Isokinetic Knee Strength

Journal of Applied Biomechanics ◽

10.1123/jab.29.1.61 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 61-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Yuji Kobayashi ◽

Junjiro Kubo ◽

Takeo Matsubayashi ◽

Akifumi Matsuo ◽

Kando Kobayashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Asymmetry Index ◽

Joint Torque ◽

Bilateral Asymmetry ◽

Arm Swing ◽

Knee Strength ◽

Maximum Flexion Angle ◽

The Mean ◽

Bilateral Differences ◽

The Relationship ◽

Kinematics And Kinetics

The aims of the study were to investigate the differences in kinematics and kinetics between the dominant and nondominant leg during single-leg jumps without arm swing, and to determine the relationship between bilateral asymmetry in isokinetic knee strength and the single-leg jump. Isokinetic knee strength and single-leg jump kinematics and kinetics were measured in 11 male participants. The bilateral asymmetry index was calculated for each parameter. For isokinetic knee strength, there were no significant differences between the dominant and nondominant legs. Significant correlations were observed for the bilateral asymmetry index for isokinetic knee strength at 180 degrees per second and the bilateral asymmetry indexes for maximum flexion angle and the mean knee joint torque during the single-leg jumps. In conclusion, the findings of the current study suggest an association between knee strength imbalances and the joint angle, as well as the torque produced in single-leg jumps, although no relationship between knee strength and jump height was observed.

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17 Predicting lateral ankle sprain in adolescent and collegiate athletes using functional tests

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2015-095573.17 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 49 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. A7.2-A7

Author(s):

PA Gribble ◽

M Terada ◽

K Kosik ◽

R McCann ◽

B Pietrosimone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ankle Sprain ◽

Collegiate Athletes ◽

Functional Tests ◽

Lateral Ankle Sprain ◽

Lateral Ankle

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Índice de asimetría bilateral similar de las manifestaciones de la fuerza muscular de extremidades inferiores en jóvenes universitarios (Similar bilateral asymmetry index of the expressions of muscle strength in lower limbs in university students)

Retos ◽

10.47197/retos.v0i33.52934 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 34-36

Author(s):

Ramón Candia Luján ◽

Beatríz Anai Núñez Escudero ◽

Karen Ileana Carreón Santa Cruz ◽

Lidia Guillermina De León Fierro ◽

Caudia Esther Carrasco Legleu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

University Students ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Statistical Difference ◽

Muscle Power ◽

Asymmetry Index ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Bilateral Asymmetry ◽

Las Mujeres ◽

Estudiantes Universitarios

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la asimetría bilateral y comparar el índice de asimetría (IA) de las manifestaciones de la fuerza muscular de las extremidades inferiores. Participaron 16 hombres y 14 mujeres con una edad de 22.5 ± 2 años, todos ellos estudiantes universitarios, se les midió la fuerza muscular máxima dinámica, la fuerza máxima isométrica y la potencia muscular de cada extremidad inferior con la sentadilla unilateral. El IA presentado por los sujetos fue entre 2.8 ± 3.0 y 4.0 ± 4.3 % en las diferentes manifestaciones de la fuerza muscular, cuando se compararon dichas manifestaciones no hubo diferencia entre ellas. Por último las mujeres presentaron entre un 2.5 ± 2.7 y un 4.0 ± 4.1 % de IA de las manifestaciones de la fuerza mientras que para los hombres fue entre un 3.0 ± 3.4 y 5.0 ± 4.6 %, sin diferencia cuando se comparó por género. Por lo que se concluye que la asimetría bilateral de las manifestaciones de la fuerza está presente en los sujetos evaluados, siendo similar el IA de las manifestaciones evaluadas así como entre hombres y mujeres.Abstract. The aim of this study was to determine the bilateral asymmetry, and to compare the asymmetry index (AI) of muscle strength expressions in the lower limbs. A total 30 university students (16 men and 14 women) with a mean age of 22.5 ± 2 years participated in the study. Maximum dynamic muscle strength, maximum isometric strength, and muscle power in unilateral lower limb squat were assessed. The IA presented by the subjects ranged from 2.8 ± 3.0 and 4.0 ± 4.3 % in the different manifestations of muscle strength. The comparison of these manifestations revealed no differences. In addition, women scored between 2.5 ± 2.7 and 4.0 ± 4.1 % AI of expression of strength, whereas in men this value ranged between 3.0 ± 3.4 and 5.0 ± 4.6 %. No statistical difference was found comparing by gender. Therefore, we can conclude that there exists a bilateral asymmetry in the manifestations of strength in our sample, at the same time their IA is similar both considering the overall sample and assessing it by gender.

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Association Between Lower Extremity Functional Tests and Injury in Division I Female Collegiate Athletes

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000560668.28613.2b ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (Supplement) ◽

pp. 58

Author(s):

Peter J. Lisman ◽

Bethany Essalhi ◽

Daniel C. MacLea ◽

Nathan Wilder

Keyword(s):

Lower Extremity ◽

Collegiate Athletes ◽

Division I ◽

Functional Tests ◽

Female Collegiate Athletes

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Comparison of Functional Tests of Leg Power in Collegiate Athletes

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000563307.56697.99 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (Supplement) ◽

pp. 936-937

Author(s):

Spencer Sullivan ◽

Niles Fleet ◽

Peter Brubaker

Keyword(s):

Collegiate Athletes ◽

Functional Tests

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Bilateral asymmetry of pedaling force at different levels of exercise intensity in cycle ergometer

Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports ◽

10.15561/26649837.2020.0507 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 264-270

Author(s):

Lachezar G. Stefanov ◽

Ivan Ivanov ◽

Daniela Aleksieva

Keyword(s):

Exercise Intensity ◽

Asymmetry Index ◽

T Test ◽

Bilateral Asymmetry ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Left And Right ◽

The Difference ◽

Student’S T ◽

Different Levels ◽

Student’S T Test

Background and Study Aim. To investigate how bilateral pedaling asymmetries change at exercises with different levels of intensity. Material and Methods. Eight students of cycling, average age 25.4 years, were investigated. In the experiment, we recorded the pedal force of the right and left legs during three consecutive exercises of different intensity 35%, 55% and 85% respectively. To quantify the difference in physical parameters of pedaling between the left and right legs, we used two approaches that complement each other in the analysis of bilateral asymmetry. One approach involved determining an asymmetry index, and other was statistical analysis. Results. The Student's t-test indicated that the difference between the power samples for the left and right pedals decreased at 85% exercise intensity vs. 55% with a statistical significance of α = 0.05. The bilateral asymmetry in most cases decreased or in two cases remained unchanged. The cases where there was no statistically significant difference between the power samples for both legs at 85% and 55% intensity levels had the lowest asymmetry index. Conclusions. The bilateral pedaling asymmetry is reduced at 85% exercise intensity compared to the 55% one. The reduction in asymmetry index ranges from 1% to 14.1%, Combining the asymmetry index and the Student's t-test can increase the informativeness of pedaling power data when analyzing bilateral asymmetry.

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