scholarly journals AN UNEXPECTED CAUSE OF PERSISTENT DYSPHONIA IN ADULTS!

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 918-921
Author(s):  
Azzam I. ◽  
◽  
Sefrioui Ti ◽  
Nitassi S. ◽  
Bencheikh R. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Common Reason ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Paediatric Emergency ◽  
Foreign Objects ◽  
History Of

Inhalation of foreign objects is a common reason in paediatric emergency departments, linked to a significant morbidity or even mortality rate, especially in children under 3 years of age. The occurrence in adults without neurological comorbidity remains rare. We report the case of a 50-year-old with a history of alcohol-smoking intoxication who had suddenly presented a symptomatology associating: dysphonia and dyspnea and after 15 days of evolution, an ENT notice was requested. Cervical CT scans and endoscopy of the upper aerodigestive pathways were performed in an emergency and objectified a glottic foreign body: inhaled denture and not noticed by the patient !!. The extraction of the foreign body under general anesthesia led to the disappearance of dyspnea and dysphonia was gradually improved under treatment. In the case of a foreign body of the upper airways, the absence of penetration syndrome at the examination and a non-specific symptomatology can lead to a diagnostic and therapeutic delay that can have dramatic consequences. At the slightest doubt, an endoscopy of the upper airways under general anesthesia should be performed.

Laryngeal Foreign Bodies in Children Revisited

2003 ◽  
Vol 112 (10) ◽  
pp. 866-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Berkowitz ◽  
Wye-Keat Lim
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Laryngeal Edema ◽  
Foreign Body Removal ◽  
History Of ◽  
Age Range

To review our experience with inhaled laryngeal foreign bodies in children, we performed a retrospective review of all admissions to our institution between March 1989 and March 2002 with the diagnosis of an inhaled laryngeal foreign body. We included only cases in which the diagnosis was confirmed at endoscopy under general anesthesia. Two children were dead on arrival at our institution as a result of upper airway obstruction following a choking episode and did not undergo endoscopy; they were not included. Nine children (5 male, 4 female) were identified. The age range was 5 months to 13 years 9 months, although only 1 child was older than 32 months. The foreign body was removed within 24 hours of a witnessed choking episode in 4 children, and the diagnosis was delayed in 5 children for a period between 4 days and 2 months, including 2 in whom a history of a choking episode had been initially obtained. One complication occurred in a child in whom the diagnosis was delayed; he developed laryngeal edema after foreign body removal and required endotracheal intubation for 1 week.

scholarly journals Gossypiboma: case report and review of literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 4148
Author(s):  
Tulasi Ram ◽  
Divya Dahiya ◽  
Anil Naik
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Surgical Complication ◽  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Mesenteric Cyst ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Surgical Sponge ◽  
Chronic Abscess ◽  
History Of ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography

Gossypiboma or retained surgical sponge is an entirely preventable surgical complication; it is associated with significant morbidity to patient and medico legal issues to the surgeon. Clinical presentation depends upon location of the foreign body and tissue reaction to the foreign body. Pre-operative diagnosis is the most difficult part and treatment of choice is surgery. A 30 year female presented with 16 months history of gradually increasing lump on left side of lower abdomen following a caeserian section. Ultrasonography was suggestive of infected mesenteric cyst and contrast enhanced computed tomography scan of abdomen was suggestive of either chronic abscess or gossypiboma. She was treated surgically; intra-operatively there was a 10×10 cm well circumscribed lesion in sigmoid mesentery which was adherent to sigmoid colon. It was a single surgical sponge with about 1000 ml of pus. Gossypiboma is an entirely avoidable surgical complication which is associated with significant morbidity and medico-legal implications. Meticulous counts with thorough exploration of site before closure can lessen the undue morbidity or mortality. Radio frequency identification verification by barcode scanner can reduce the error rate.

scholarly journals Unusual foreign object in a tooth: A case report and review of literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawaf Mohammad Ashqar ◽  
Fareedi Mukram Ali
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Case History ◽  
Foreign Object ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Foreign Objects ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
History Of

Foreign body impactions in the tooth are common findings in the oral cavity of children because of their frequent habits of placing various objects in their mouth. The present case describes an 11-year-old boy with a foreign object in the maxillary left first molar tooth of which he was unaware. Foreign objects can not only be a source of infection but also be aspirated or ingested by the child. The discovery of foreign objects in the teeth is usually accidental. A detailed case history, consisting of a history of the ordinary placement of the object and clinical and radiographic examinations is necessary to determine the nature, size, and location of the foreign body, as well as the difficulty involved in its retrieval. The foreign object may sometimes fracture inside the tooth during exploration by the parent or child. Such an object may act as a potential source of infection and lead to complications.

scholarly journals Case report of a piece of dishwashing steel wool in a child’s pharynx

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-120
Author(s):  
Parvin Abbaslou ◽  
Maryam Ahmadipour
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Steel Wool ◽  
History Of ◽  
Medical Emergencies

Objective: Foreign body swallowing is a common pediatric problem. A foreign body in the pharynx is a medical emergency that requires urgent intervention. Evaluation and treatment of pharyngeal foreign bodies is much more difficult in children than in adults and sometimes requires hospitalization and removal of the foreign bodies under general anesthesia due to children’s lack of cooperation. Fish and chicken bones are the most common swallowed foreign bodies, but an interesting case of a piece of dishwashing steel wool stuck in a child’s pharynx is reported in this article. Case Presentation: A 10-year old boy was presented with a history of dysphagia from five weeks ago. Oral examination did not reveal anything significant. In lateral neck radiographs of the patient, a metal wire was observed in the hypopharyngeal region opposite the 4th and 5th cervical vertebrae. Endoscopic attempts to remove the foreign body were not successful. Therefore, the foreign body was removed from the patient’s pharynx in the operating room under general anesthesia. No complications were observed. Conclusion: Despite the prevalence of swallowing foreign bodies in children, ingestion of a piece of dishwashing steel wool not diagnosed for three weeks was considered interesting to report. Pharyngeal foreign bodies are medical emergencies; therefore, it is particularly important to suspect the presence of a foreign body and perform diagnostic procedures.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and ultrasound-guided retrieval of a vaginal foreign body in a dog and a cat

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
L. Gatel ◽  
G. Gory ◽  
B. De Pauw ◽  
D. N. Rault
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Ultrasonographic Diagnosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Inexpensive Procedure ◽  
Grass Awn

In this case report, the diagnosis and ultrasound-guided retrieval of an intravaginal grass awn in a dog and a cat are described. The dog was presented with chronic vaginal discharge for over two years. The cat was presented for acute lethargy and bloody vaginal discharge and a two-week history of a perivulvar leakage. Ultrasonographic diagnosis included the visualization of a linear, hyperechoic and spindle-shaped structure and mild thickness of the vagina. The grass awns were successfully retrieved non-invasively, under general anesthesia using ultrasoundguided Hartmann forceps inserted into the vagina. Ultrasound-guided grass awn retrieval from the vagina appears to be a safe and inexpensive procedure.

scholarly journals The need for Paediatric Emergency Laparotomy Audit (PELA) in the UK

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-213
Author(s):  
CK Sinha ◽  
E Rye ◽  
R Sunderland ◽  
D Rex ◽  
E Nicholls ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Paediatric Emergency ◽  
History Of ◽  
Using Data ◽  
American Society ◽  
The Uk ◽  
La Jolla

Introduction The National Emergency Laparotomy Audit (NELA) has raised serious concerns about the processes of care and outcomes in adult emergency laparotomies in the UK. To date, no comparable data have been published for children. The aim of this study was to investigate the need for a similar audit in children. Methods Data were collected retrospectively following NELA guidelines. Results were analysed using QuickCalcs (GraphPad Software, La Jolla, CA, US). Results The study period spanned 7.5 years. A total of 161 patients were identified for inclusion in the audit. The median patient age was 2.8 years. Half (49%) of the cohort were deemed ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) grade ≥2. A history of previous abdominal surgery was noted in 37% of the patients. The median time from admission to operation was 15 hours. Over a third (39%) of the operations were performed out of hours. The most common indications for surgery comprised adhesive bowel obstruction (37%), intussusception (27%) and volvulus (9%). The median length of hospital stay was 8 days with the median postoperative stay being 6 days (NELA data 10.6 days). Half (51%) of the cases required intensive care following surgery. The 30-day mortality rate was 3.1%. The overall mortality rate was 4.3% (NELA data 16%). Patient care was led by a consultant surgeon in 100% of cases (NELA data 89%). Conclusions This is the first study in children that provides baseline data about the standards of care and outcomes from a single centre paediatric emergency laparotomy audit. A larger study using data from multiple centres would be of great benefit.

Surgical management of choke through oesophagotomy in a buffalo: A case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Devasee Borakhatariya ◽  
A. B. Gadara
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Thoracic Inlet ◽  
Cervical Oesophagus ◽  
Foreign Objects ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oesophageal Obstruction ◽  
Large Animals

Oesophageal disorders are relatively uncommon in large animals. Oesophageal obstruction is the most frequently encountered clinical presentation in bovine and it may be intraluminal or extra luminal (Haven, 1990). Intraluminal obstruction or “choke” is the most common abnormality that usually occurs when foreign objects, large feedstuff, medicated boluses, trichobezoars, or oesophageal granuloma lodge in the lumen of the oesophagus. Oesophageal obstructions in bovine commonly occur at the pharynx, the cranial aspect of the cervical oesophagus, the thoracic inlet, or the base of the heart (Choudhary et al., 2010). Diagnosis of such problem depends on the history of eating particular foodstuff and clinical signs as bloat, tenesmus, retching, and salivation

The Mortality Rate of COVID-19 in Iraq Compare with Iran and Turkey, its Association with the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine and the Iraqi Preparedness Plan Prior to Pandemics. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rawand Essa
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Bcg Vaccine ◽  
Critical Position ◽  
Preparedness Plan ◽  
Contagious Diseases ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government

BACKGROUND In the span of COVID-19, the mortality rate has been different from one country to another. As a country in the Middle East Iraq has a critical position, lies between Iran and Turkey while both countries coronavirus cases increase on daily basis, while Iranian mortality rate record is high similar to Turkey. After Wuhan city of China, Lombard of Italy, Qum city in Iran has the highest number of COVID-19 as a first country in the Middle East. OBJECTIVE aim of this study is to show the effect of BCG vaccine during pandemic diseases, especially nowadays at the time of COVID-19. One of the crucial observations is the government preparedness and strategic planning prior pandemics, in which the BCG vaccine is an attenuated live vaccine for control of tuberculosis (TB). BCG vaccine has a non-specific immune effect that is used against pathogens like bacteria and viruses, through the promotion of pro-inflammatory cytokines' secretion. METHODS An epidemiological study has been performed, and it shows that some countries are more prone to contagious diseases like COVID-19, regardless of the main cultural, religious, societal similarities among the three mentioned countries. The information data has been collected from WHO reports and worldometer in 18 February 2020 to 10 May 2020. Regarding the efficacy of the BCG vaccine, relevant data has been retrieved from Google scholar, Pub-med and BCG world-atlas. RESULTS COVID-19 mortality rates are at peak in Iran and Turkey while the mortality rate is very low in Iraq, while the patients that died in Iraq all had history of other long-term diseases as heart disease, blood pressure, cancer etc. CONCLUSIONS From the experiences of the three countries in the life span of COVID-19, the historical plan of BCG vaccine in Iraq in cooperation with WHO since the last decades it shows that COVID-19 mortality rate is lower than other countries due to the early vaccination of the Iraqis, otherwise Iraq is more fragile than Iran and Turkey due to the poor conditions of Iraq in terms of economics, politics, war and other aspects.

scholarly journals All-cause mortality and location of death in patients with established cardiovascular disease before, during, and after the COVID-19 lockdown: a Danish Nationwide Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jawad H Butt ◽  
Emil L Fosbøl ◽  
Thomas A Gerds ◽  
Charlotte Andersson ◽  
Kristian Kragholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Location Of Death ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Adjusted Incidence Rate ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Adjusted Incidence ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract Background On 13 March 2020, the Danish authorities imposed extensive nationwide lockdown measures to prevent the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and reallocated limited healthcare resources. We investigated mortality rates, overall and according to location, in patients with established cardiovascular disease before, during, and after these lockdown measures. Methods and results Using Danish nationwide registries, we identified a dynamic cohort comprising all Danish citizens with cardiovascular disease (i.e. a history of ischaemic heart disease, ischaemic stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, or peripheral artery disease) alive on 2 January 2019 and 2020. The cohort was followed from 2 January 2019/2020 until death or 16/15 October 2019/2020. The cohort comprised 340 392 and 347 136 patients with cardiovascular disease in 2019 and 2020, respectively. The overall, in-hospital, and out-of-hospital mortality rate in 2020 before lockdown was significantly lower compared with the same period in 2019 [adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) CI 0.87–0.95; IRR 0.95, 95% CI 0.89–1.02; and IRR 0.87, 95% CI 0.83–0.93, respectively]. The overall mortality rate during and after lockdown was not significantly different compared with the same period in 2019 (IRR 0.99, 95% CI 0.97–1.02). However, the in-hospital mortality rate was lower and out-of-hospital mortality rate higher during and after lockdown compared with the same period in 2019 (in-hospital, IRR 0.92, 95% CI 0.88–0.96; out-of-hospital, IRR 1.04, 95% CI1.01–1.08). These trends were consistent irrespective of sex and age. Conclusions Among patients with established cardiovascular disease, the in-hospital mortality rate was lower and out-of-hospital mortality rate higher during lockdown compared with the same period in the preceding year, irrespective of age and sex.

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