scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE ON CONTRACEPTIVE USE AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 965-970
Author(s):  
Obrenyi Eldah Ochieng ◽  
John Arudo
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Addictive Behavior ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Peer Educators ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning ◽  
Contraceptive Utilization

Studies have shown a relationship betweendrinking and ineffective contraception and condom use. The rate of binge drinking and ineffective contraception or ineffective condom use among college women was proved to be high. This article examined the influence of addictive behavior on utilization of contraceptives among undergraduate students. Addictive factors that were compared with utilization included attending club and parties, alcohol consumption, and smoking. The data used in analysis was based on stratified probability sample of 453 respondents interviewed in 2017 from Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology (MMUST). Quantitative and qualitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study revealed that there was a statistical significant relationship between respondent who frequently attended clubs and parties and contraceptives utilization (OR=0.48 95%CI 0.27-0.84, p=0.01). However, patronizing clubs and parties frequently reduced the probability of using contraceptives by 48% compared to those who did not frequent clubs or parties. Also, alcohol consumption was significantly associated with contraceptives utilization (OR=0.33: 95%CI 0.18-0.59, p=0.00). This result also revealed that respondents who consumed alcohol were 0.33 times less likely to use contraceptives than those who did not indulge in alcohol. Smoking was not statistically significantly associate with contraceptive utilization (p=0.85). The article recommends that HIV and AIDS peer educators should be tasked with educating on sexual and reproductive health and the importance of implementing specific programs in institutions of higher learning to limit the risks of addiction and partying, not only in terms of alcohol abuse, but also addictive behavior such as smoking.

A JOURNEY TO MEASURE STUDENT COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT BENEFITS: EVIDENCE FROM AUSTRALIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Ellen Chung ◽  
Hamish B Coates
Keyword(s):  
Community Engagement ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Factor Loading ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Student Community ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning ◽  
Final Questionnaire ◽  
Civic Skills ◽  
Career Skills

Community engagement is a phenomenon that has received increasing attention among institutions of higher learning in recent years, and students engaging with communities are generally seen as beneficial. Given this, surprisingly little is known about this form of engagement in Australian higher education, let alone methods to measure its benefits on students. This study discussed the development of the Student Community Engagement Benefits Questionnaire (SCEBS), a questionnaire that measures the perceptions of community engagement benefits among undergraduate students in Australia. The final questionnaire has 32 items allocated to four benefit scales: (1) Career skills, (2) Diversity skills, (3) Interpersonal skills, (4) Civic skills. Most benefit items had a factor loading of atleast 0.40 with its own scale. The results of the factor analysis revealed that the four scales accounted for 53% of the total variance. The alpha reliability coefficient for the four scales ranged from 0.79 to 0.91. Based on these findings, the Student Community Engagement Benefits Scale (SCEBS) is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used in the field of education. Undergraduate students also reported statistically significant changes in the four dimensions after participating in community engagement activities.

An Intimate Look at Contraception and Alcohol Consumption

NASPA Journal ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela S. Mathias ◽  
Cathryn G. Turrentine
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Public University ◽  
Sexual Encounter ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Drinking Alcohol ◽  
The Relationship

This study explored the relationship between alcohol consumption and contraceptive methods used by 364 heterosexually active undergraduate students at a large public university. Participants were 84% White, 5% African American, 4% Asian American, 2% Hispanic, 2% American Indian, and 2% Other Races/Ethnicities (the total is less than 100% due to rounding); and 45% of the participants were female. Twenty-six percent of the respondents reported drinking alcohol before their last sexual encounter. The researchers found that men who combined alcohol and sex were less likely to report that their partner used birth control or spermicide at their last sexual encounter and more likely to report that their partner had been pregnant in the last 12 months. There were no significant differences in contraceptive use by alcohol consumption for women in this study.

scholarly journals Evolution of HIV and AIDS Programmes in an African Institution of Higher Learning: The Case of the Copperbelt University in Zambia

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawa Sanjobo ◽  
Matilda Lukwesa ◽  
Charity Kaziya ◽  
Cornwell Tepa ◽  
Bernard Puta
Keyword(s):  
Support Services ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Peer Educators ◽  
Strategic Processes ◽  
Care And Support ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The University ◽  
African Institution

Background: Universities present the foundation for socio-economic and political development. Without structures and processes to fight HIV, there is no prospect of enhancing treatment, prevention, care and support services. Copperbelt University HIV and AIDS response was initiated in 2003 with the aim of building capacity of students and employees in HIV and AIDS. Objectives: The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate how the CBU HIV response has evolved over time and provide a timeline of important milestones in the development process. Method: Peer educators and counsellors conduct sensitization campaigns through one on one discussion, workshops, and drama performances, distribution of Information, Education and Communication (IEC) materials. Results: HIV Programme has been set up with players from policy, programme and community levels. Strategic processes, collaborations, funding, medical insurance schemes, prevention, treatment, care and support services, training of peer educators and counsellors have been established. Conclusion: Copperbelt University HIV initiative has demonstrated potential to reduce new infections in the university, and is currently expanding her programme to encompass wellness and also spearhead the integration of HIV in the university curriculum.

scholarly journals Narrating student life in a time of risk

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-98
Author(s):  
Asta Rau ◽  
Jan K. Coetzee ◽  
Amy Vice
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Action Research Project ◽  
Hiv Aids

Students speaking to students reveal how they perceive and experience risk — and specifically, risk associated with HIV — during their years attending a small university in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Data were collected in twenty focus group discussions that spanned two years and two cycles of an action research project designed to infuse HIV/AIDS-content/issues into a closely supervised third-year Sociology research methodology course. The project was undertaken in response to a call by HEAIDS (Higher Education HIV/AIDS Programme, funded by the EU) for universities to address HIV/AIDS in curricula. The intention is to prepare young graduates to respond meaningfully to HIV and AIDS when they enter the world of work in a country with alarmingly high levels of HIV prevalence and incidence. Insights from theorists Ulrich Beck (1992) and Mary Douglas (1986) on the cultural dynamics of modernity were used as lenses to view the narratives of students in relation to three key HIV risk factors: alcohol consumption, multiple and concurrent sexual partnerships, and condom use. Gender, which emerged as a cross-cutting issue, was also explored. The rich qualitative data were brought into a dialogue with selected statistics from the HEAIDS 2010 sero-prevalence survey conducted in 21 higher education institutions in the country. Data show that risk perception and risk behaviour are formulated at individual, social network, and societal/structural levels — as well as at the interface between these. Understandably there was variation in how individual students perceive, experience and negotiate risk, but overall, participating students assessed risk in terms of its immediate importance or threat to them, prioritising the now and choosing not to think about the future. Social bonding, including peer pressure, exerts considerable influence on the ways in which students construct and re-construct their perceptions of risk, and HIV/AIDS. From a structural perspective the smallness of the university and the town lulls students into trusting easily and believing that greater visibility leads to greater safety. Sex is “no big deal” and casual sexual relationships are accepted by many as the norm. Although students report high condom use in casual sexual encounters, which mitigates risk, condom use drops sharply in the context of alcohol consumption — and the often excessive consumption — which is “the order of the day”. Overall, patterns in risk perception and behaviour suggest that many student participants feel justified — by virtue of being students and free at last to explore and experience the edges of their adult life — to push the boundaries of risk.

scholarly journals Effective Leadership and Readership as an Indicator for Academic Excellence in Nigeria Institutions of Higher Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adigwe , A.I ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Effective Leadership ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
National Development ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Academic Excellence ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning

Higher Education, no doubt, has been universally acclaimed as the bedrock for national development and effective Leadership as the drivers of academic excellence in the Institutions of higher learning in Nigeria. Qualitative teaching and learning remains the engine room that derives good governance and propels leadership positions. Leadership, however, cannot exist without Readership. The two are relatively interwoven. Leadership and readership has over the years become critical issues in organizational theory and practice. Thus, leadership and readership need to be taken up as a cause to be promoted in pursuit of academic excellence in the Institutions of higher learning in Nigeria. Reading is a great investment in one’s personal development and, by extension, in achieving desired academic excellence. In this research, concrete effort is made to clarify the key concept of Leadership and Readership as drivers of academic excellence in the Institutions of higher learning in Nigeria, especially in the Polytechnic System. The research equally investigates both internal and external factors militating against academic excellence in Nigeria citadel of learning and finally makes recommendations, among which is training and retraining of employees, discouragements of unnecessary political interferences in appointments into academic leadership positions, Staff recruitments, admission of undergraduate students and effective monitoring policy of civil service rules.

Assessing and Implementing a Sustainable Holistic Planning System

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik C. Backus ◽  
Stephen Bird
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Planning Systems ◽  
Pedagogical Tool ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning ◽  
Smart Community ◽  
Lake Placid

In 2019, the New York Olympic Region received the first Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) for Communities Certification (gold) for a rural multi-jurisdictional region comprised of Lake Placid Village, North Elba Town, the Olympic Regional Development Authority, and the Lake Placid School System. Much of the work involved in this initiative was executed by 14 undergraduate students and two faculty members from Clarkson University working in partnership with the U.S. Green Building Council, and four local jurisdictions. The endeavor was successful and unique in several facets. First, it provided an experiential project-based education in the application of a sustainable holistic planning system, LEED for Communities/Cities. Second, it demonstrates the value of a university collaboration with a rural region and its communities. Third, it developed the first rural regional model for smart community planning that integrated multiple jurisdictions and stakeholders. Finally, it provides a replicable template for implementation and operation by other communities with institutions of higher learning. A variety of challenges remain, however, for emerging sustainable holistic planning systems in metrics development, civic and stakeholder engagement, determination of efficacy, and implementation optimization. Readers will emerge with an improved understanding of sustainable holistic planning systems, knowledge of multi-jurisdictional planning concerns in sustainability metrics, and insight into implementation of these systems as a pedagogical tool and partnership mechanism.

scholarly journals Suicide among Undergraduate Students in Southeast Nigeria: An Empirical Evaluation of Durkheim’s Classifications of Suicide

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
Samuel O. Okafor
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning ◽  
The Social ◽  
Parametric Statistics ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Altruistic Suicide

The Durkheimian sociological doctrine of suicide is classified into regulation/integration, high and low social currents, with four resultant suicide types such as egoistic, altruistic, anomic and fatalistic suicide. Across Nigeria and social classes, suicide types and circumstances according to the above classifications have become worrisome, warranting empirical investigation into the social wellbeing and suicide potentials in the social realm of Nigerian socio-economic and political landscape. As such, this study investigated the suicide tendency among undergraduate students in some selected institutions of higher learning in south-eastern Nigeria. The study adopted a survey design using a sample size of 2,200 students (17+). The study adopted parametric statistics for the test of the relationship of variables. In the overall findings, altruistic suicide tendency is high (60%), this is followed by anomic suicide tendency (47%), egoistic suicide tendency (46%) and fatalistic suicide tendency (41%). From the regression model (p< .05), altruistic suicide tendency was found to be predicted by family income and strong ties with family activities. Equally, anomic suicide tendency can be predicted by how many years the students have been in the school. Egoistic suicide tendency was found to be positively correlated with family income and source of sponsorship while fatalistic suicide tendency was found to be positively correlated with only family income.

The Role of Moral Education on the Dress Code in the Higher Learning Institution

Sains Insani ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Ira Meilita Ibrahim ◽  
Taufik A. Latif ◽  
Afi Roshezry Abu Bakar ◽  
Muthualagan Thangavelu
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Private University ◽  
Public University ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Dress Code ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

The advancement of European dress to the rest of the world was linked to the definition of civilization as “a stage of social development considered to be more advanced” and “polite and good-mannered”. The widespread of their fashion style in the 19th and 20th centuries influenced the way the rest of the world attire. The fashion trend and dressing style thus change the purpose of dressing through time. The dressing style in campuses especially in private institutions of higher learning is under particular scrutiny, as it is often said to be inappropriate for a learning environment. This study looked at the importance of moral education, and its role in implementing the dress code for students among university students especially between two types of university i.e. public university and private university. It looked on the dressing style of students, both male and female, and the factors that lead to their dressing pattern which is common among students. This study also advocated the students’ understanding of the content of dress codes in their learning institution and the role played by moral education in regard to dress code. The overall study highlighted students’ perception towards the implementation of the dress code and punishment in their learning institution. The methodologies used to carry out this study are questionnaires and interviews. This study will therefore ascertain the important of dress code among students at higher learning institution and the role of moral education in cultivating values in order to dress properly or decently. Key Words: moral education, dress code, higher learning institution, civilization.

South Africa’s Institutions of Higher Learning

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-69
Author(s):  
Muhammed Haron
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Honors Program ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning ◽  
The Social ◽  
Regional Universities ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
Insight Into

As a discipline, “Islamic studies” has attracted serious attention by a number of institutions of higher learning in predominantly nonMuslim societies. While southern Africa’s communities witnessed the inclusion of “Islam” as a subject in the faculties of theology at various regional universities as well as Christian seminaries, Muslim communities have clamored for the appointment of Muslim staff at universities to teach courses on Islam. On the whole, these educational developments bode well for the teaching and studying of Islam regionally, even though the purpose and objectives for doing so differ radically from one institution to the other. This essay first seeks to offer a brief insight into the teaching of “Islam” as a subject in theological/oriental/religious studies programs; it thereafter reflects upon “Islamic studies” as a social science discipline that has been included in the social science and humanities syllabus. It focuses on the BA Honors program to show the themes chosen for these programs and how scholars redesigned and changed these programs to meet modern needs. Apart from using “social change” as its theoretical framework, it also brings en passantinto view the insider/outsider binary that further frames the debates regarding the teaching and studying of Islam at these institutions in southern Africa generally and South Africa in particular. 

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