scholarly journals ADIPOCYTE FATTY ACID BINDING PROTEIN (A-FABP) AS A NOVEL BIOCHEMICAL MARKER OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 339-349
Author(s):  
Bhumika Upadhyay ◽  
◽  
Hina Yaseen ◽  
Hina Kauser ◽  
Chandra Mohan Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Biochemical Marker ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is acomplex metabolic disorder associated with increased risk of microvascular and macrovascular disease characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia resulting from defect in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) causes visual impairment as a result of long term accumulated damaged to the small blood vessels in the retina.Adipocyte fatty acid binding protein(AFABP), been suggested as a third adipokine, in addition to leptin and adiponectin. AFABP might have a role in the proliferation of endothelial cells, as well as in angiogenesis. A-FABP levels were determined in subjects witout diabetes mellitus, with type 2 diabetes mellitus without DR and with DR at admission in order to investigate a possible association of A-FABP to the increased risk of incidence of DR. Material and methods: This study was done on non-diabetic (n=25) and Type 2 diabetes subjectswith(n=25) and without retinopathy (n=25) who visited HAHC hospital. Blood glucose (fasting and post prandial), glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c), urea, creatinine, uric acid, total protein, serum albumin,serum electrolytes (sodium, potassiumand chloride), totalcholesterol,triglyceride, high density lipoprotein(HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and and AFABP were measured . Result: The mean values of blood glucose (fasting and post prandial),HbA1C,urea, creatinine , TG, LDL VLDL and AFABP were higher in diabetic subjectswith diabetic retinopathy in comparison to diabetic subjects without retinopathy and subjects without diabetes mellitus and were highly significant statistically.(p<0.01). The mean value of HDL was lower in diabetic subjects with diabetic retinopathy in comparison to diabetic subjects without retinopathy and subjects without diabetes mellitus and was highly significant statistically. Conclusion:The study helps in associating AFABP as an early biochemical marker for identifying onset of diabetic retinopathy in subjects with diabetes mellitus at an early stage.

scholarly journals Evaluation of type-2 diabetes mellitus patients for dyslipidemia in a tertiary care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 586
Author(s):  
Janak G. Chokshi ◽  
Apal P. Gandhi ◽  
Ishvarlal M. Parmar ◽  
Dipen R. Damor
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a syndrome consisting of metabolic, vascular and neuropathic components that are interrelated. Diabetes mellitus is associated with a considerably increased risk of premature atherosclerosis, particularly coronary heart disease (CHD) and peripheral arterial disease. Dyslipidemia is a common feature of diabetes. There is an association between atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.Methods: The study was done on 50 adult diabetes mellitus (T2) patients from IPD of General Medicine wards at SMS Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. 50 healthy age and sex matched healthy volunteers were taken as control. They were evaluated for lipid profile i.e., Total Cholesterol (TC),Triglyceride (TG), Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), High density lipoprotein (HDL), Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and glycemic status i.e., Fasting blood glucose (FBS), Postprandial 2 hours blood glucose (PP2BS) & Glycosylated haemoglobin(HbA1C).Results: Diabetic cases had statistically highly significant (p<0.001) elevated levels of total Cholesterol, Triglycerides and VLDL as compared to controls. Serum TG, serum TC, LDL-C and VLDL-C had positive correlation with the postprandial plasma glucose, fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c.Conclusions: Significant correlations between HbA1c levels and lipid levels point towards the usefulness of HbA1c for screening high-risk diabetic patients. High TC, TG, LDL-C and HbA1c with normal or low HDL-C is seen in almost all diabetic patients either alone or in combinations.

scholarly journals Dyslipidemia in Type 2 Diabetes mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1149-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subarna Dhoj Thapa ◽  
Shiva Raj K.C ◽  
Santosh Gautam ◽  
Deepika Gyawali
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: In type 2 diabetes mellitus lipid abnormalities are very common and is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.  This study was conducted to find association of type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at KISTMCTH. All the necessary data of patient with type 2 diabetes in the period between December 2016 and May 2017 were studied.Results: Out of 199 patients with diabetes mellitus 30.7% had total cholesterol >200 mg/dl, 64.4% had elevated low density lipoprotein, 53.77% patient had elevated triglyceride and 64% patients had low high density lipoprotein level. Cholesterol showed significant correlation with triglyceride (P < 0.001), low density lipoprotein (P < 0.001). Triglyceride showed a significant negative correlation with high density lipoprotein (P < 0.01), while a highly significant positive correlation was observed with cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (P < 0.001).Conclusion: Diabetes is associated with high incidence of dyslipidemia with elevated level of low density lipoprotein, cholesterol and triglyceride.

scholarly journals The Reciprocal Relationship between LDL Metabolism and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 807
Author(s):  
Isabella Bonilha ◽  
Eric Hajduch ◽  
Beatriz Luchiari ◽  
Wilson Nadruz ◽  
Wilfried Le Goff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Ldl Particles ◽  
Increased Risk

Type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance feature substantial modifications of the lipoprotein profile, including a higher proportion of smaller and denser low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles. In addition, qualitative changes occur in the composition and structure of LDL, including changes in electrophoretic mobility, enrichment of LDL with triglycerides and ceramides, prolonged retention of modified LDL in plasma, increased uptake by macrophages, and the formation of foam cells. These modifications affect LDL functions and favor an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetic individuals. In this review, we discuss the main findings regarding the structural and functional changes in LDL particles in diabetes pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies targeting LDL in patients with diabetes.

scholarly journals Impact of Adoption of Directly Measured Low-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDL-C) on Targets of Lipid Control and Its Comparison With Friedewald Formula-Calculated LDL Cholesterol in People With Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
pp. 263246362097804
Author(s):  
Rejitha Jagesh ◽  
Mathew John ◽  
Manju Manoharan Nair Jalaja ◽  
Tittu Oommen ◽  
Deepa Gopinath
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Friedewald Formula

Objectives: The accurate and precise measurement of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) is important in the assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk (ASCVD) in people with diabetes mellitus. This study aimed at comparing directly measured LDL-C with Friedewald formula (FF)-calculated LDL-C (c-LDL-C) in people with type-2 diabetes. Methods: Fasting lipid profiles of 1905 people with type-2 diabetes, whose LDL-C was estimated by direct LDL assay, were chosen for the study. In the same group, LDL-C was calculated with FF. Correlation and agreement between these methods were analyzed at various strata of triglycerides (TGs). The possibility of misclassifying people at various levels of LDL-C targets proposed in literature was calculated. Results: The mean LDL-C levels were lower in the c-LDL-C group across various TG strata. A significant correlation was found between c-LDL-C and direct LDL-C for all the study samples ( r = 0.948, P < .001) and across all TG strata. Analysis of agreement showed a positive bias for direct LDL-C which increased at higher strata of TGs. c-LDL-C underestimated ASCVD by misclassifying people at various LDL-C target levels. Conclusion: There is a difference between direct LDL-C and c-LDL-C values in people with diabetes and this may result in misclassifying ASCVD especially at lower levels of LDL-C and higher levels of TGs.

scholarly journals Correlation of Serum Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
Nahid Yeasmin ◽  
Qazi Shamima Akhter ◽  
Sayeeda Mahmuda ◽  
Sultana Yeasmin ◽  
Rumana Afroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Medical College

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most widespread endocrine disorders in female and its complications are increasing all over the world, leading to life threatening medical problems like cardiovascular diseases, stroke and end stage renal diseases. A correlation between hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus has been identified. The study was carried out to observe the correlation of serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level with type 2 diabetes mellitus in adult female subjects.Method: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, during the period of January 2011 to December 2011. Total sixty female subjects were selected with age ranging from 30 to 50 years. Among them 30 female subjects with diabetes mellitus were included from out-patient department of Endocrinology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka as study group (B) and 30 apparently healthy females were taken as control group (A) for comparison. Estimation of serum fasting serum LDL-C and HDL-C levels was done by enzymatic method in the department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College Dhaka in both groups. Fasting serum insulin level was measured by ELISA method in the laboratory of National Institute of ENT, Dhaka and fasting blood glucose was estimated by glucose oxidase method in the department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College in both groups. Data were analyzed by Unpaired Student’s- test and Pearson’s correlation co-efficient (r) test as applicable.Results: The value of fasting serum LDL-C level was significantly higher in study subjects than those of control. Again, fasting serum HDL-C level was significantly lower in study subjects in comparison to controls. In study subjects fasting serum LDL showed positive correlation and fasting serum HDL-C levels showed negative correlation with fasting blood glucose and serum insulin level.Conclusion: Present study reveals that serum insulin and blood glucose level have positive relationship with low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and negative relationship with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels.J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 26, No.2, October, 2017, Page 140-147

Lipid Disorders

2016 ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Ekta Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Metabolism ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Lipid Disorders ◽  
Genetic Abnormalities ◽  
Excessive Alcohol

Lipid disorders result from genetic abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism, other medical conditions (eg, type 2 diabetes mellitus, nephrotic syndrome, hypothyroidism, and excessive alcohol use), and the use of certain drugs (corticosteroids and immunosuppressants The most common disorders in this group are the disorders of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, which often lead to premature atherosclerosis in patients and their family members.

scholarly journals Triglyceride-containing lipoprotein sub-fractions and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke: A prospective analysis in 11,560 adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (15) ◽  
pp. 1617-1626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshni Joshi ◽  
S Goya Wannamethee ◽  
Jorgen Engmann ◽  
Tom Gaunt ◽  
Deborah A Lawlor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Individual

Aims Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease; however, there is uncertainty about the role of total triglycerides and the individual triglyceride-containing lipoprotein sub-fractions. We measured 14 triglyceride-containing lipoprotein sub-fractions using nuclear magnetic resonance and examined associations with coronary heart disease and stroke. Methods Triglyceride-containing sub-fraction measures were available in 11,560 participants from the three UK cohorts free of coronary heart disease and stroke at baseline. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the association of each sub-fraction with coronary heart disease and stroke expressed as the odds ratio per standard deviation increment in the corresponding measure. Results The 14 triglyceride-containing sub-fractions were positively correlated with one another and with total triglycerides, and inversely correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Thirteen sub-fractions were positively associated with coronary heart disease (odds ratio in the range 1.12 to 1.22), with the effect estimates for coronary heart disease being comparable in subgroup analysis of participants with and without type 2 diabetes, and were attenuated after adjustment for HDL-C and LDL-C. There was no evidence for a clear association of any triglyceride lipoprotein sub-fraction with stroke. Conclusions Triglyceride sub-fractions are associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease but not stroke, with attenuation of effects on adjustment for HDL-C and LDL-C.

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