scholarly journals SEM ANALYSIS OF NONMETALLIC INCLUSION OF THE STAINLESS STEEL MODIFIED WITH ADDITION OF ZR AND TE.

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
ScDervis Mujagic ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Nonmetallic Inclusion ◽  
Sem Analysis

scholarly journals Improving the Corrosion Resistance of AISI 316L Steel for Semiconductor Piping by Controlled Delta-Ferrite Content

2022 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Young Woo Seo ◽  
Chan Yang Kim ◽  
Bo Kyung Seo ◽  
Won Sub Chung
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Ferrite Content ◽  
Aisi 316L ◽  
Delta Ferrite ◽  
Aisi 316L Stainless Steel ◽  
316L Steel ◽  
The Difference

This study evaluated changes in delta-ferrite content depending on the preheating of AISI 316L stainless steel. We also determined the reasons for the variation in delta-ferrite content, which affects corrosion resistance. Changes in delta-ferrite content after preheating was confirmed using a Feritscope, and the microstructure was analyzed using optical microscopy (OM). We found that the delta-ferrite microstructure size decreased when preheating time was increased at 1295 oC, and that the delta-ferrite content could be controlled through preheating. Potentiodynamic polarization test were carried out in NaCl (0.5 M) + H2SO4 (0.5 M) solution, and it was found that higher delta-ferrite content resulted in less corrosion potential and passive potential. To determine the cause, an analysis was conducted using energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), which confirmed that higher delta-ferrite content led to weaker corrosion resistance, due to Cr degradation at the delta-ferrite and austenite boundaries. The degradation of Cr on the boundaries between austenite and delta-ferrite can be explained by the difference in the diffusion coefficient of Cr in the ferrite and austenite. A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of material used for actual semiconductor piping confirmed that corrosion begins at the delta-ferrite and austenite boundaries. These results confirm the need to control delta-ferrite content in AISI 316L stainless steel used for semiconductor piping.

Study on Active Screen Plasma Carburizing of Austenitic Stainless Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 208-212
Author(s):  
Shao Mei Zheng ◽  
Cheng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Carbon Carrier ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
304 Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Plasma Carburizing ◽  
Active Screen

AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel was carburized at low temperature by means of the active screen plasma carburizing (ASPC). A layer of carbon supersaturated solid solution (i.e. the Sc phase) can be formed on the surface without precipitation of chromium carbide. The hardness of the carburized steel is greatly improved without degradation of its corrosion resistance. ASPC also solves some problems associated with the conventional DC plasma carburizing (DCPC), such as temperature uniformity, edge effect and so on. Particles sputtered from the active screen were collected and analyzed. XRD and SEM analysis indicated that the sputtered particles in sub-micron scale were neutral Fe3C and Fe2C5. The particles play the role of the carbon carrier in ASPC. Therefore, ASPC is also a multi-stage process, involving sputtering, physical adsorption, desorption, diffusion and deposition, the same as active screen plasma nitriding.

scholarly journals Ultrastructural analysis of the surface of stainless steel endodontic instruments before and after use

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
Jelena Popovic ◽  
Jovanka Gasic ◽  
Slavoljub Zivkovic ◽  
Aleksandar Mitic ◽  
Marija Nikolic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Clinical Preparation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Maxillary Premolars ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Introduction. Although many studies have reported various advantages of nickel-titanium endodontic instruments, the use of stainless steel endodontic files still presents a standard in everyday practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate ultrastructure of the surface of stainless steel endodontic instruments before and after their use. Material and Methods. Fourteen sets of non-used stainless steel endodontic reamers and files were included in the study. Each set of instruments was used one, three or six times in simulated clinical conditions on extracted maxillary premolars. After their use the instruments were subjected to cleaning and sterilization procedures. Ultrastructure of the surface of instruments was observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM). Surface analysis was performed based on the number of uses and size of instruments. The following characteristics were analyzed: defects of instrument flutes, defects of cutting edges and instrument deformations. Results. SEM analysis showed defects on the surface of non-used instruments as a result of the manufacturing process. Surface defects, defects of cutting edges as well as flutes deformations were observed after a single use and were more often noticed in small sized instruments. After three uses, flutes deformations were observed in all small sized instruments and some of the medium size. After six uses all groups of instruments showed defects of cutting edges. Conclusion. Non-used stainless steel endodontic instruments showed surface defects created by the manufacturing process. Defects of cutting edges and flutes can be observed after a single use. To minimize complications and mistakes during clinical preparation it is recommended to limit the number of instrument uses.

scholarly journals Wear Characteristics of AISI 310 Grade Stainless Steel Material by Carbonitriding Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 01024
Author(s):  
Manne Vamshi ◽  
Animesh Bain ◽  
M. Sreekanth ◽  
Ram Subbiah
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Case Depth ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Steel Material ◽  
Stainless Steel Material ◽  
Strong Adhesion

The investigation on the microstructure and mechanical behaviour of steel AISI 310 has been carried out during a Carbonitriding process aiming to improve the wear performance. The comparison study was made to treated specimens with untreated sample. Carbonitriding is a viable technique to enhance the wear resistance of the stainless steel material. The present study focused in the direction of investigating the effect of microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of AISI 310 stainless steel material. In carbonitriding process the case depth was found to be from 13, 16.5 and 19 Microns which is treated 2 hrs, 4hrs and 6 hrs respectively. The combination action of strong adhesion, abrasion and severe plastic deformation are the primary reasons for the continuous material loss in the untreated specimens during testing. The Optical microscope, SEM analysis and wear test are conducted to find out the various results.

Failure analysis of eleven Gates Glidden drills that fractured intraorally during post space preparation. A retrieval analysis study

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-412
Author(s):  
Youssef S. Al Jabbari ◽  
Raymond Fournelle ◽  
Sara M. Al Taweel ◽  
Spiros Zinelis
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
Torsional Fatigue ◽  
Hand Piece ◽  
Macroscopic Observation

Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the failure mechanism of clinically failed Gates Glidden (GG) drills. Eleven retrieved GG drills (sizes #1 to #3) which fractured during root canal preparation were collected and the fracture location was recorded based on macroscopic observation. All fracture surfaces were investigated by a SEM. Then the fractured parts were embedded in acrylic resin and after metallographic preparation, the microstructure and elemental composition was evaluated by SEM and EDS. The Vickers hardness (HV) of all specimens was also determined. Macroscopic examination and SEM analysis showed that the drills failed near the hand piece end by torsional fatigue with fatigue cracks initiating at several locations around the circumference and propagating toward the center. Final fracture followed by a tensile overloading at the central region of cross section. Microstructural analysis, hardness measurements and EDS show that the drills are made of a martensitic stainless steel like AISI 440C. Based on the findings of this study, clinicians should expect fatigue fracture of GG drills that have small size during root canal preparation. Selection of a more fatigue resistant stainless steel alloy and enhancing the instrument design might reduce the incidence of quasi-cleavage fracture on GG drills.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATIONS FOR STATISTICALLY CONTROLLED RESISTANCE SPOT WELDING SOLUTION OF STAINLESS STEEL

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Rupinder Singh ◽  
Sunpreet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Resistance Spot Welding ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Taguchi Design ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Statistical Control ◽  
Resistance Spot

The purpose of the present investigations is to study statistically controlled solution (from sensitization point of view) for 304 stainless steel (SS) joints using resistance spot welding process (RSWP). Starting from the parametric optimization of RSWP parameters (based upon Taguchi design), welded joints were prepared for functional checking. The output parameters selected for controlling the sensitization were hardness and tensile strength of welded joints. The results are supported by SEM analysis. Further the study suggests that the RSWP was found to be under statistical control (at optimized settings suggested by Taguchi design) as regard to sensitization of welded joint is concerned.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF CHARACTERISTICS OF AISI 310 GRADE STAINLESS STEEL MATERIAL BY CARBURIZING

2020 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 01023
Author(s):  
Manne Vamshi ◽  
J. Saranya ◽  
Ram Subbiah
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Case Depth ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Steel Material ◽  
Stainless Steel Material ◽  
Carburizing Process

. The investigation on the microstructure and mechanical behaviour of steel AISI 310 has been carried out during a Carburizing process aiming to improve the wear performance. The comparision study was made to treated specimens with untreated sample. Carburizing is a viable technique to enhance the wear resistance of the stainless steel material. The present study focused in the direction of investigating the effect of microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of AISI 310 stainless steel material. In carburizing process the case depth is found to be 11.5, 12, 14 Microns which is treated 2 hrs, 4hrs and 6 hrs respectively. The combination action of strong adhesion, abrasion and severe plastic deformation are the primary reasons for the continuous material loss in the untreated specimens during testing. The Optical microscope, SEM analysis and wear test are conducted to find out the various results

scholarly journals Characterization of Sol-Gel Derived Calcium Hydroxyapatite Coatings Fabricated on Patterned Rough Stainless Steel Surface

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilma Jonauske ◽  
Sandra Stanionyte ◽  
Shih-Wen Chen ◽  
Aleksej Zarkov ◽  
Remigijus Juskenas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Calcium Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Stainless Steel Surface ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Coatings ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Infrared ◽  
Steel Substrates

Sol-gel derived calcium hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2; CHA) thin films were deposited on stainless steel substrates with transverse and longitudinal patterned roughness employing a spin-coating technique. Each layer in the preparation of CHA multilayers was separately annealed at 850 °C in air. Fabricated CHA coatings were placed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 2, 3, and 4 weeks and investigated after withdrawal. For the evaluation of obtained and treated with SBF coatings, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Raman spectroscopy, XPS spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, and contact angle measurements were used. The tribological properties of the CHA coatings were also investigated in this study.

Effect of Compression Storage on Structure and Surface Morphology of Silicone Rubber in Silicone Rubber-Stainless Steel Interfacial System

2014 ◽  
Vol 952 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Qiang Yang ◽  
Xiao Ping Wen ◽  
Chao Ming Sun ◽  
Guang Ping Tang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Silicone Rubber ◽  
Chemical Change ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Surface Chemical ◽  
Surface Chemical Reaction

The effect of compression storage on structure and surface morphology of silicone rubber in silicone rubber-stainless steel interfacial system was studied in the paper by means of ATR-FTIR, Raman spectrums, XPS spectrums and SEM. FTIR and Raman spectrums analysis indicated that no chemical change in silicone rubber was found during compression storage. XPS spectrums analysis indicated that there maybe surface chemical reaction took place during compression storage. SEM analysis indicated that the number and diameter of the open holes and microholes on the surface of samples decreased significantly with storage period, which hindered air to enter the interface when pressurized state was removed, and was beneficial for vacuum adsorption.

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