Effects of saline stress and temperature on germination and seed vigor of Luffa operculata L. Cogn

Luffa operculata (L.) is a native Brazilian biome plant used for the treatment of respiratory diseases. Although Brazil’s flora comprises 67% of the world’s plants, only 8% of Brazilian plant species are studied each year. The studies indicate that climate change in tropical biomes intensifies the increase in salinized areas by about 10% per year for several reasons, including high temperatures, low rainfall and high evapotranspiration rates, due to surface water scarcity. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the germination behavior and vigor of L. operculata seeds submitted to saline stress at different temperatures. To simulate salt stress conditions, sodium chloride was applied at 0.0; 3.0; 6.0; 9.0 and 12.0 dS m-1, at 25, 30, 35, 20-30 °C, with treatments distributed in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme (five levels of osmotic potential and four temperatures), using four replications. The seeds were then evaluated concerning water content, germination tests, first counts, germination speed index and seedling root and shoot lengths. At 30 and 35 °C, the seed germination and vigor of L. operculata were less affected up to an osmotic potential of 9.0 dS m-1, where it is considered a moderate salinity tolerance. At 35 ºC, the germination uniformity was reduced to 98 and 93% by applying the 6 and 9 dS m-1 solutions, respectively. For the same temperature, the germination velocity remained 6.09 (IVG) until the saline potential of 9.0 dS m-1

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SEED GERMINATION OF Pouteria torta (MART.) RADLK. SUBESP. torta IN DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v50i1.59051 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 923

Author(s):

Ademir Kleber Morbeck Oliveira ◽

Jose Carlos Pina

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Native Species ◽

Primary Root ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Limited Information ◽

Germination Time ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Germination Speed ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Mean Germination Time

Germination is considered a critical step in the seedling production process aiming the recovery of environments. Thus, understanding the germination behavior of native species with potential for economic use contributes to the development of the forest seed and seedling chain. Considering the limited information on the tree species Pouteria torta subesp. torta, this study aimed to evaluate its seed germination and formation of normal seedlings using different temperatures and substrates. The experiment was conducted in germination chamber in a research laboratory using two substrates (paper and vermiculite) and six temperatures (20, 25, 30, 35, 20-30 and 25-35 °C) in a completely randomized design in a 2x6 factorial arrangement. Daily evaluation was conducted to verify primary root emission, seed vigor, and seedling formation. The results indicated that the primary root protrusion process began after 20 days of testing under the best conditions, with germination time lasting longer than two months. The results obtained also showed that there was interaction between factors, with use of the vermiculite substrate and the temperatures of 35 and 25-35 °C producing the best germination rates and germination speed index, and use of the paper substrate and the temperatures of 30 and 35 °C showing the best mean germination time. Considering the analyzed variables (germination, germination speed index, and formation of normal seedlings), the temperatures of 35 and 25-35 °C and the vermiculite substrate are the most suitable for the production of Pouteria torta subesp. torta seedlings.

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Seed vigor and germination of facheiro plants (Pilosocereus catingicola (Gurke) Byles & Rowley Subsp. Salvadorensis (Werderm.) Zappi (Cactaceae) at different temperatures

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n5p2873 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

pp. 2873

Author(s):

Robson Luis Silva de Medeiros ◽

Vênia Camelo de Souza ◽

Gilvaneide Alves de Azerêdo ◽

Miguel Avelino Barbosa Neto ◽

Alex Da Silva Barbosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Data ◽

Polynomial Regression ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Local Fauna ◽

Germination Speed ◽

Conservation Actions ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Sexual Propagation ◽

Alternating Temperature

Several species of endemic Cactaceae are found in northeastern Brazil, which are important plants to the local fauna and flora; nevertheless, there are only a few studies assessing the germination of this plant genus. Understanding the germination of species native to the Caatinga is essential to subsidize conservation actions for such ecosystem. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of three localities and different temperatures on the vigor and germination of facheiro seeds. The experiment was conducted by evaluating seed vigor and germination in three distinct areas (Arara, Bananeiras, and Boa Vista) at different temperatures (20, 25, 30, 35, 40, and 20-30 ºC). Quantitative data were submitted to polynomial regression analysis at 5% significance with four replicates of 50 seeds. In Arara, germination rates at 20 and 25 ºC reached 96% and, at 30 ºC, 86%. The temperatures of 25 and 30 ºC presented the best germination speed index. For the three studied areas, the highest germination rates were recorded at a constant temperature of 25 ºC and at the alternating temperature (20-30 ºC). Yet the highest germination speed was reached at 30 ºC. Based on its sexual propagation, the taxon in question is able to survive in environments with temperatures ranging from 20 to 30 ºC, as seen in the studied habitats.

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Physiological performance of common bean seeds of the black commercial group under saline stress

Colloquium Agrariae ◽

10.5747/ca.2021.v17.n2.a430 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 59-66

Author(s):

Josiane Cantuária Figueiredo ◽

Elson Junior Souza da Silva ◽

Jorge Luiz Rodrigues Barbosa ◽

Jéssica Mengue Rolim ◽

Amanda Martins Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Saline Stress ◽

Nacl Solution ◽

Physiological Performance ◽

Black Bean ◽

Sodium Chloride Solutions ◽

Germination Speed ◽

Randomized Experimental Design ◽

Osmotic Potentials

Saline stress is a condition that causes changes in physiological performance in several species and even in cultivars of the same species. Thus, this studyaimed to evaluate the physiological performance of black bean cultivars to salt stress. A completely randomized experimental design was used in a factorial scheme with two cultivars (Mataço and BRS Paisano) and five osmotic potentials simulated with sodium chloride solutions (control = 0.0; -0.2; -0.4; -0.6 and -0.8 MPa), in four replications of 50 seeds per treatment. The variables related to germination, first germination count, germination speed index, and shoot length were evaluated. There were significant interactions (p <0.05) for all variables analyzed. In general, it is concluded that the physiological performance of the seeds of black bean cultivars is affected under simulated saline stress by NaCl solution with an osmotic potential below -0.2 MPa.

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GERMINATION AND VIGOR OF LETTUCE SEEDS UNDER DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES

BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE - Revista de Agricultura ◽

10.37856/bja.v92i3.3204 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 92 (3) ◽

pp. 271

Author(s):

Patricia Aparecida Maia Soares ◽

Andreia Márcia Santos de Souza David ◽

Dayana Lucia Mota Pinheiro Bernardino ◽

Renato De Azevedo Quintino ◽

João Paulo Nunes Lacerda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Vigor ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Lettuce Seeds ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Germination Speed ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Completely Randomized Design

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of temperature on germination and vigor of the seeds of different lettuce cultivars. It was used a completely randomized design in a factorial arrangement 4x3, with four cultivars (American, Crespa para Verão, Mimosa Salad Bowl, and Crespa Repolhuda) and four temperatures (20, 25, 30 and 35°C), with four replicates per treatment. The effects of the treatments were evaluated by germination and vigor tests (first count, germination speed index). There was influence of the lettuce grow crops on germination and seed vigor. The cultivars of the lettuce have a higher germination and vigor when exposed to 20°C, and the Crespa for daylight showed itself more tolerant to temperatures of 25 to 30°C. The temperature of 30°C inhibits the germination of lettuce seeds of the Americana, Mimosa Salad bowl and Crespa Repolhuda cultivars

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GERMINATION AND VIGOUR IN SEEDS OF THE COWPEA IN RESPONSE TO SALT AND HEAT STRESS

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252019v32n115rc ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 143-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Luma Rayane de Lima Nunes ◽

Paloma Rayane Pinheiro ◽

Charles Lobo Pinheiro ◽

Kelly Andressa Peres Lima ◽

Alek Sandro Dutra

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Heat Stress ◽

High Temperature ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Vigna Unguiculata ◽

Salt Concentration ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Different Types ◽

Different Temperatures

ABSTRACT Salinity is prejudicial to plant development, causing different types of damage to species, or even between genotypes of the same species, with the effects being aggravated when combined with other types of stress, such as heat stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the tolerance of cowpea genotypes (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) to salt stress at different temperatures. Seeds of the Pujante, Epace 10 and Marataoã genotypes were placed on paper rolls (Germitest®) moistened with different salt concentrations of 0.0 (control), 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 dS m-1, and placed in a germination chamber (BOD) at temperatures of 20, 25, 30 and 35°C. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomised design, in a 3 × 4 × 5 scheme of subdivided plots, with four replications per treatment. The variables under analysis were germination percentage, first germination count, shoot and root length, and total seedling dry weight. At temperatures of 30 and 35°C, increases in the salt concentration were more damaging to germination in the Epace 10 and Pujante genotypes, while for the Marataoã genotype, damage occurred at the temperature of 20°C. At 25°C, germination and vigour in the genotypes were higher, with the Pujante genotype proving to be more tolerant to salt stress, whereas Epace 10 and Marataoã were more tolerant to high temperatures. Germination in the cowpea genotypes was more sensitive to salt stress when subjected to heat stress caused by the low temperature of 20°C or high temperature of 35°C.

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Drought and Saline Stress Tolerance Induced in Somatic Hybrids of Solanum chacoense and Potato Cultivars by Using Mismatch Repair Deficiency

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11080696 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 696

Author(s):

Imola Molnár ◽

Lavinia Cozma ◽

Tünde-Éva Dénes ◽

Imre Vass ◽

István-Zoltán Vass ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Mismatch Repair ◽

Crop Production ◽

Somatic Hybrids ◽

Potato Cultivars ◽

Solanum Chacoense ◽

Saline Stress ◽

Severe Drought ◽

Mismatch Repair Deficiency ◽

Repair Deficiency

Global climate change, especially when involving drought and salinity, poses a major challenge to sustainable crop production, causing severe yield losses. The environmental conditions are expected to further aggravate crop production in the future as a result of continuous greenhouse gas emissions, causing further temperature rise and leading to increased evapotranspiration, severe drought, soil salinity, as well as insect and disease threats. These suboptimal growth conditions have negative impact on plant growth, survival, and crop yield. Potato is well known as a crop extremely susceptible to drought, which is primarily attributed to its shallow root system. With potato being the fourth major food crop, increasing potato productivity is thus important for food security and for feeding global population. To maintain a sustainable potato production, it is necessary to develop stress tolerant potato cultivars that cope with the already ongoing climate change. The aim of our study is to analyze the response of potato somatic hybrids to drought and salt stress under in vitro conditions; the somatic hybrids studied are the wild relative Solanum chacoense (+) Solanum tuberosum, with or without mismatch repair deficiency (MMR). Upon this selection of drought and salt tolerant genotypes, somatic hybrids and their parents were phenotyped on a semi-automated platform, and lines tolerant to medium water scarcity (20% compared to 60% soil water capacity) were identified. Although none of the parental species were tolerant to drought, some of the MMR-deficient somatic hybrids showed tolerance to drought and salt as a new trait.

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Natural and Synthetic Hydrophilic Polymers Enhance Salt and Drought Tolerance of Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu and W.C.Cheng Seedlings

Forests ◽

10.3390/f9100643 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 643 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jing Li ◽

Xujun Ma ◽

Gang Sa ◽

Dazhai Zhou ◽

Xiaojiang Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Synthetic Polymers ◽

Hydrophilic Polymers ◽

Water Retention Capacity ◽

Saline Stress ◽

Metasequoia Glyptostroboides ◽

Leaf Injury ◽

Drought And Salt Tolerance ◽

Drought And Salt Stress ◽

Synthetic Hydrogels

We compared the effects of hydrophilic polymer amendments on drought and salt tolerance of Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu and W.C.Cheng seedlings using commercially available Stockosorb and Luquasorb synthetic hydrogels and a biopolymer, Konjac glucomannan (KGM). Drought, salinity, or the combined stress of both drought and salinity caused growth retardation and leaf injury in M. glyptostroboides. Under a range of simulated stress conditions, biopolymers and synthetic hydrogels alleviated growth inhibition and leaf injury, improved photosynthesis, and enhanced whole-plant and unit transpiration. For plants subjected to drought conditions, Stockosorb hydrogel amendment specifically caused a remarkable increase in water supply to roots due to the water retention capacity of the granular polymer. Under saline stress, hydrophilic polymers restricted Na+ and Cl− concentrations in roots and leaves. Moreover, root K+ uptake resulted from K+ enrichment in Stockosorb and Luquasorb granules. Synthetic polymers and biopolymers increased the ability of M. glyptostroboides to tolerate combined impacts of drought and salt stress due to their water- and salt-bearing capacities. Similar to the synthetic polymers, the biopolymer also enhanced M. glyptostroboides drought and salt stress tolerance.

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Seedling imaging analysis and traditional tests to assess okra seed vigor

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/s2317-15372013000400005 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 443-448 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ana Lúcia Pereira Kikuti ◽

Júlio Marcos-Filho

Keyword(s):

Imaging System ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Control Programs ◽

Seed Industry ◽

Accelerated Aging Test ◽

Vigor Index ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Germination Speed

Seed vigor testing is an important component of quality control programs adopted by seed industry. The software Seed Vigor Imaging System (SVIS) has been successfully used for seed vigor assessment in different species. The objective of this research was to verify the SVIS efficiency to assess okra seed vigor in comparison to other vigor tests used for this species. Five seed lots of 'Clemson Americano' and four of 'Santa Cruz' were submitted to germination (speed and percentage), cold germination (speed and percentage), traditional and saturated salt accelerated aging (41 ºC/72 and 96 h) and seedling emergence tests during 12 months storage. Vigor index, uniformity of growth and seedling length were determined by the software Seed Vigor Imaging System (SVIS). Results showed that the vigor index and seedling length determined by the SVIS analyses are efficient to determine okra seed vigor as well as the accelerated aging test (41 ºC/72 h).

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GERMINAÇÃO DE SEMENTES DE Vochysia bifalcata EM DIFERENTES SUBSTRATOS E TEMPERATURAS

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v44i4.33688 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 669 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Helena Cristina Rickli ◽

Antonio Carlos Nogueira ◽

Henrique Soares Koehler ◽

Katia Christina Zuffellato-Ribas

Keyword(s):

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Santa Catarina ◽

Blotting Paper ◽

Dense Forest ◽

Germination Speed ◽

Different Temperatures

Guaricica (Vochysia bifalcata) é uma espécie arbórea nativa do Brasil, presente na vegetação secundária da Floresta Ombrófila Densa dos estados do Paraná, Santa Catarina, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro e Minas Gerais, sendo de grande importância na regeneração de áreas degradadas e para fins madeireiros. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar os efeitos de diferentes temperaturas (20, 25 e 30 °C) e substratos (rolo de papel, papel mata-borrão e vermiculita) na germinação de sementes de Vochysia bifalcata, as quais foram mantidas em germinadores sob luz constante. Foram realizadas avaliações diárias até o 20° dia após a semeadura, analisando-se as seguintes variáveis porcentagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, tempo médio de germinação e índice de sincronização. A temperatura de 25 °C, nos substratos papel mata-borrão e vermiculita apresentaram a maior germinação (70 e 73%, respectivamente) e maior índice de velocidade de germinação, porém com menor sincronismo. Assim, para o teste de germinação de guaricica, é recomendado o uso dos substratos papel mata-borrão ou vermiculita na temperatura de 25 °C.Palavras-chave: Vochysiaceae; guaricica; índice de sincronização; índice de velocidade de germinação. AbstractGermination of Vochysia bifalcata under different substrates and temperatures. Guaricica (Vochysia bifalcata) is a native Brazilian tree species, present in the secondary vegetation of the Ombrophilous Dense Forest in the States of Paraná, Santa Catarina, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Minas Gerais. It is of great importance in degraded areas regeneration and for timber production. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of different temperatures (20, 25 and 30 ºC) and substrates (paper roll, blotting paper and vermiculite) during the germination of Vochysia bifalcata seeds. We conducted germination tests inside germination chambers under constant illumination. Until the 20th day after the installation, daily evaluations analyzed the following variables: germination percentage, germination speed index, average germination time, and synchronization index. The temperature of 25 °C in blotting paper and vermiculite substrate presented the highest germination (70 and 73%, respectively) and highest germination speed index, but with less synchronism. Therefore, it recommends use of blotting paper and vermiculite as substrates in a temperature of 25 ºC for the Vochysia bifalcata germination test.Keywords: Vochysiaceae; guaricica; index synchronization; germination speed index

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