scholarly journals High Robusta coffee plant density is associated with better yield potential at mixed responses for growth robustness, pests and diseases: which way for a farmer?

2021 ◽  
pp. 494-504
Author(s):  
Godfrey Sseremba ◽  
Godfrey Hubby Kagezi ◽  
Judith Kobusinge ◽  
Pascal Musoli ◽  
David Akodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Close Spacing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pest Incidence

Plant density in Robusta coffee is an unresolved issue in low volume producing countries especially when compared with leading producers. In this study, we aimed to compare the response of Robusta coffee to pest incidence, disease severity, growth and yield potential in two contrasting spacing regimes. Two spacing regimes of 3mx3m and 3mx1m were evaluated for selected parameters in a randomized complete block design with three replications. There was a highly significant difference in pest incidence between the spacing regimes (p<0.01) for all the pests except scales (p=0.126). The black coffee trig borer incidence was higher under close spacing of 3mx1m than for 3mx3m with a mean difference of 13.2%. There was no significant association between spacing regime and leaf rust disease incidence while the association was significant for red blister disease (χ2=33.56, df=1, p<0.001). Significant difference in growth response between spacing regimes (p<0.05) were also obtained for change in canopy height (dCAH), number of primaries, number of stems and leaf size. For instance, dCAH was higher under 3mx1m spacing than for 3mx3m spacing. A significant difference in yield potential existed between the spacing regimes (p<0.05) for average yield per tree and average yield per hectare (aYH). Close spacing produced a higher aYH (5.82 t cc/ha) than wide spacing (4.80 t cc/ha). Whereas yield potential is high at high tree densities, associated prevalence of biotic constraints calls for supportive stress management package for farmers.

scholarly journals Comparative Assessment of Yield Performance of Neglected Cocoyam (Colocasia esculeta (L.) Schott) Parts as Planting Materials in the South Western Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Ogunkunle Tajudeen ◽  
Oshagbemi H. O. ◽  
Gidado R. S. M. ◽  
Adenika O. F. Aruleba R. D.
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
The South ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Planting Materials

Hitherto, there is scarcity of information on the usefulness of neglected small corms and cormels of cocoyam in the South West Nigeria. A 9 (nine) months trial was conducted to compare the growth and yield performance of different types of cocoyam planting materials with treatment consisting of T1; sprouted small cocoyam cormels, T2, trimmed out lower parts of harvested cocoyam corm and T3; moderate sized corm of 50-100g (control) arranged in a Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. Data on the number of leaves and plant height was taking at 4 week interval for 24 weeks while data on number and weight of harvested cormels was taking at 9 months after planting (MAP). The data collected were subjected to a univariate General Linear Model (GLM) two ways Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using IBM SPSS software statistical package 21. Significance mean differences were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 0.05 level of significance. The result showed that the highest mean number of leaves and plant height was obtained from treatment T1 (10.22) and T2 (92.83) respectively at 24 weeks after planting (WAP). While both treatment T1 and T3 collectively had the highest number of consumable cormels (54.0) in which treatment T3 weighed the highest (3.202 kg). There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in both the number of leaves produced and plant height among the different cocoyam planting materials utilised at 24 (WAP). Similarly, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the number and weight of cormels produced by the different treatments at 9 months after planting (MAP). The study therefore concluded that both sprouted small cocoyam cormels, trimmed out corms during planting compared favourably with moderate sized corm of weight 50-100g commonly used as planting material in term of yield potential and therefore recommended to be schedule for demonstration to cocoyam farmers in the study area for adoption.

scholarly journals The Effect of Plant Density at the Maize-Soybean Intercropping Pattern Inoculated With Mycorrhizae and Organic Fertilizer to the Growth and Yield in Dry Land North Lombok, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 260-266
Author(s):  
Wahyu Astiko ◽  
Ni Made Laksmi Ernawati ◽  
I Putu Silawibawa
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Maize Cobs ◽  
Intercropping Pattern

To avoid the risk of crop failure in a dry land, which is poor in organic matter and at the same time can increase the yield of maize and soybeans, intercropping cultivation techniques and the provision of organic materials are needed. This research aimed to determine the effect of plant density on the intercropping pattern of maize soybean inoculated with mycorrhizae and the addition of organic fertilizers to the growth and yield of maize soybean in dryland North Lombok. This research was conducted at Akar-Akar village in Bayan district of North Lombok. The experimental design with Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three blocks and five treatments intercropping patterns, i.e., P1 = 2 rows of corn: 2 rows of soybeans, P2 = 3 rows of corn: 2 rows of soybeans, P3 = 3 rows of corn: 3 rows of soybeans, P4 = 4 rows of corn: 2 rows of soybeans, P5 = 4 rows of corn: 3 rows of soybeans. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's HSD (Honestly Significant Difference) means-tested at a 5% level of significance. The results showed that the intercropping density of 3 maize rows: 3 rows of soybean show the best growth and yield. Growth and yields on intercropping plant density treatment of 3 rows of maize : 3 rows of soybeans gave the highest yields on the wet and dry weight of maize cobs and soybean pods per plant, as well as the wet and dry weight of biomass, maize cobs and soybean pods per plot with the best results if compared to the density of other intercropping plants. The intercropping density of 3 maize rows: 3 rows of soybeans can also increase the number of spores and the percentage of mycorrhizae infections compared to other intercropping treatments.

The Effect of Stem Segment Cuttings of Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora) on Growth of Root and Leaf Sprout

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Bistok Hasiholan Simanjuntak ◽  
Devi Kusuma Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Stem Segment ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference

Robusta coffee plant propagation is recommended to be performed by vegetative methods, one of which is cuttings. Among plant organs that can be used for cuttings is the stem. The research objective was to determine which stem segment from cuttings was able to provide the best root and leaf growth. The layout study used a completely randomized block design (RBD) with an experimental treatment consisting of five stem segments, namely (1) the first stem segment from the upper shoot (A); (2) the second stem segment from the upper shoot (B); (3) the third stem segment from the upper shoot (C); (4) the fourth stem segment from the upper shoot (D); and (5) the fifth stem segment from the upper shoot (E); each treatment had five replications. Data analysis was performed statistically with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's HSD (honestly significant difference) test with a significance level of P < 0.05. Robusta coffee cuttings stems from the second stem segment from the upper shoot were able to provide the optimal root growth (root length) and shoot growth (leaf sprout height and leaf sprout growth rate). Leaf sprout number derived from the cuttings was not affected by the stem segment.

scholarly journals Drip irrigation in coffee crop under different planting densities: Growth and yield in southeastern Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1116-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gleice A. de Assis ◽  
Myriane S. Scalco ◽  
Rubens J. Guimarães ◽  
Alberto Colombo ◽  
Anderson W. Dominghetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Coffee Cultivation ◽  
Water Tension

Irrigation associated to reduction on planting spaces between rows and between coffee plants has been a featured practice in coffee cultivation. The objective of the present study was to assess, over a period of five consecutive years, influence of different irrigation management regimes and planting densities on growth and bean yield of Coffea arabica L.. The treatments consisted of four irrigation regimes: climatologic water balance, irrigation when the soil water tension reached values close to 20 and 60 kPa; and a control that was not irrigated. The treatments were distributed randomly in five planting densities: 2,500, 3,333, 5,000, 10,000 and 20,000 plants ha-1. A split-plot in randomized block design was used with four replications. Irrigation promoted better growth of coffee plants and increased yield that varied in function of the plant density per area. For densities from 10,000 to 20,000 plants ha-1, regardless of the used irrigation management, mean yield increases were over 49.6% compared to the non-irrigated crop.

scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen fertilization on camelina seed yield, yield components, and downy mildew infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfei* Jiang ◽  
Claude D. Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Set Up ◽  
N Rates

Camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] has potential in aquaculture, livestock feed production, and the biofuel industry. It is necessary to determine the appropriate production technology for the newly introduced crop under different environmental conditions. The objective of this 2-year study was to measure the response of five camelina genotypes in terms of seed yield, yield components, and disease incidence to applied nitrogen (N) at multiple sites in the Maritime provinces of eastern Canada. The factorial experiment was set up as a randomized complete block design. The two factors were six N rates (0, 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha−1 N) and five genotypes of camelina (Calena, CDI002, CDI005, CDI007, and CDI008). The interactive effect of N rates and genotypes was considered. Results showed that camelina, which is usually considered a low-input crop, responded positively to increased applied N at rates up to 200 kg ha−1 N. Seed yield responded differently to applied N rates depending on genotype. Branch and pod development were decisive for seed yield. The advanced line CDI007 had the highest yield potential among the five genotypes. Downy mildew infection was positively correlated with applied N rates; however, seed yield was not significantly affected by downy mildew infection.

scholarly journals RESPON PUPUK KANDANG KAMBING DAN PUPUK NPK PADA PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN TERUNG HIJAU (Solanum melongena L.).

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Visca R Yuanita ◽  
Tri Kurniastuti ◽  
Palupi Puspitorini
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Goat Manure

Research about influence of goat manure and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of green eggplant (Solanum mengolena L.) has been conducted in field village farmer-owned Semen Gandusari District of Blitar which took place in March-April 2016. The aim of this study was to know the interaction for among goat manure and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of green eggplant as well as the effect of each factor. This study uses Randomaized Complete Block Design (RCBD) factorial consisting of 16 treatment and each 3 replicates ie: P0M0, P0M1, P0M2, P0M3, P1M0, P1M1, P1M2, P1M3, P2M0, P2M1, P2M2, P2M3, P3M0, P3M1 , P3M2, P3M3. The data taking were plant height, leaf number, fruit length, fruit diameter and weight of fruit per plant. The data were analyzed to F test as followed by a 5% test Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) error level of 5%. The experimental results very significant effect on plant height, leaf number, fruit length and weight of fruits per plant and the effect is not noticeable to the diameter of fruit plants green eggplant. The combined use goat manure 750 g / plant and NPK fertilizer 60 g / plant (P2M3) is proper fertilization to improve the growth and best yield of green eggplant with the highest total weight of the fruit crop that yields 1576.6 grams

scholarly journals RESPONS PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN SELEDRI (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.) TERHADAP MEDIA TANAM DAN KONSENTRASI LARUTAN NUTRISI YANG BERBEDA PADA WICK SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Maria Ulfa ◽  
Hadi Pranoto ◽  
Susylowati Susylowati
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Optimum Point ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nutrient Solutions ◽  
Polynomial Orthogonal

This research aims to find out 1) the interaction between the medium of planting and the concentration of nutrient solutions to the growth and yield of celery plants hydroponically. 2) types of planting media that can give different influences on the growth and yield of celery plants, and 3) concentration of nutrient solution that provides the best growth and yield of celery plants in different planting media.The research was conducted from December 2019 to February 2020 at the Integrated Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture of Mulawarman University, Samarinda. The research used factorial exsperiment 3×4 on Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD), replicated three times with each treatment consisting of three plants. The first factor is the planting medium consisting of rockwool, charcoal husk, and combination of charcoal husk + tea amps. The second factor is the concentration of AB Mix nutrient solution consists of 500, 1,000, 1,500, and 2,000 ppm. The data was analyzed with test F and continued Least Significant Difference (LSD) test with a level of 5%.  The results showed that there is an interaction between planting media and concentration of nutrient solution in the growth and yield of celery plants. The interaction between the combination of charcoal planting media + tea pulp and concentration of 1,500 ppm is not real with the interaction of rockwool planting media and concentration of 1,500 ppm. From various types of planting media used, charcoal husk planting media provides the best influence on the growth and yield of celery plants. Based on polynomial orthogonal test the concentration of nutrient solution with an optimum point of 1,460.84 ppm affects the growth and yield of celery plants with a maximum dry weight of 2.14 g.

scholarly journals Growth and yield of common bean cultivars at two soil phosphorus levels under biological nitrogen fixation

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 809-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADELSON PAULO ARAÚJO ◽  
MARCELO GRANDI TEIXEIRA ◽  
DEJAIR LOPES DE ALMEIDA
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Biological N2 Fixation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
P Supply

The genotypic differences on growth and yield of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in response to P supply were evaluated in a field experiment under biological N2 fixation. Eight cultivars were grown at two levels of applied P (12 and 50 kg ha-1 of P -- P1 and P2 respectively), in randomized block design in factorial arrangement. Vegetative biomass was sampled at three ontogenetic stages. The effects of genotype and phosphorus were significant for most traits, but not the genotype ´ phosphorus interaction. The cultivars presented different patterns of biomass production and nutrient accumulation, particularly on root system. At P1, P accumulation persisted after the beginning of pod filling, and P translocation from roots to shoots was lower. The nodule senescence observed after flowering might have reduced N2 fixation during pod filling. The responses of vegetative growth to the higher P supply did not reflect with the same magnitude on yield, which increased only 6% at P2; hence the harvest index was lower at P2. The cultivars with highest yields also presented lower grain P concentrations. A sub-optimal supply of N could have limited the expression of the yield potential of cultivars, reducing the genotypic variability of responses to P levels.

scholarly journals Effect of Plant Revitalization Hormone and Foliar Fertilization on Growth and Yield of Boro Rice

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
MR Karim ◽  
MM Rashid ◽  
MA Salam ◽  
MA Mazid ◽  
MA Momin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Liquid Fertilizer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Boro Rice

Correction: In the last line of the abstract, the word 'increase' was replaced with the word 'reduced' on 25th November 2015. The correct sentence now reads "The application of PRH, Calsol and Magic Growth significantly reduced rice yield than that obtained with recommended fertilizer dose."AbstractInherent soil fertility and application of exogenous fertilizer generally affect rice yield. Fertilization would be soil fertilization or foliar feeding through leaf area. Plant growth promoting substances also improve plant performance through modulation of its growth and yield. The study was conducted at BRAC Agricultural Research and Development Center (BARDC), Gazipur. The aim of the study was to find out the growth and yield of Boro rice as influenced by plant revitalization hormone (PRH) and liquid fertilizer Calsol and Magic Growth during dry season 2012-13 using randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatment consists of; T1=Recommend fertilizer dose of NPKS and Zn (Control), T2=T1+ recommended PRH, T3=T2 + half of the PRH, T4=Half of doses of T1 + PRH, T5=PRH, T6=Recommended fertilizer dose of NPK with three N top dressed along with Calsol, T7=Recommended fertilizer dose of NPK with 1st and 3rd split of N application and along with three split of Calsol application, T8=Recommended dose of liquid fertilizer Magic Growth. The effect of different treatment combinations of PRH and liquid fertilizer Calsol and Magic Growth showed significant difference (p<0.05) in panicle m-2, unfilled grain panicle-1, total grain panicle-1, and grain yield. However, none of the treatments out yielded the existing fertilizer application method. The application of PRH, Calsol and Magic Growth significantly reduced (corrected on 25th Nov. 2015) rice yield than that obtained with recommended fertilizer dose.Bangladesh Rice j. 2015, 19(1): 33-39

scholarly journals Soil Application of Cow Dung with Foliar Application of Boost Extra, Effect on Growth and Yield of Okra in an Ultisol, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Ogundare S. K. ◽  
Mohammed S. A. ◽  
Owolabi J. F.
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lady’S Finger ◽  
Single Field ◽  
Pod Length

Experiments were carried out at the student’s experimental field, Kabba College of Agriculture, Horticulture section to examine the effect of soil application of cow dung combined with foliar application of boost extra on growth and yield of okra in an ultisol, Nigeria. The land was ploughed each year and harrowed with the aid of tractor mounted implements. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The treatments consisted of A = 3t/ha cow dung, B = 1.0 L/ha foliar + 2.5t/ha cow dung, C =1.5L/ha foliar + 2t/ha cow dung, D    = 2 L/ha foliar      + 1.5 t/ha cow dung, E = 2.5L/ha foliar + 1.0t/ha cow dung, F = 3t/ha foliar. Each year experiment was conducted using a single field having dimension of 35 by 14m which was laid out into three blocks with 1m guard row between blocks. Each block consists of six plots (5 by 4m) and 1m guard row between plots. Cow dung manure was applied a week before planting. Okra variety Lady’s finger was used. Three seeds per hole were planted on April 4th in both years on the flat with a spacing of 60cm x 25cm between and within the rows and later thinned to one plant per stand. Data taken included plant height at 50 % flowering, number of branches per plant, leaf area, pod length, pod diameter, number of pods per plant; and pod weight and yield (t/ha). The data were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) while the Least Significant Difference (LSD) was used to separate treatment means. The result shows that plot treated with 2.0L/ha foliar + 1.5 t/ha cow dung had the best performance in yield and yield components in this study. It is therefore recommended that okra farmers should integrated foliar fertilizer (boost extra) at the rate of 2L per hectare with cow dung at rate of 1.5t per hectare be used for okra production in the study area.

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