scholarly journals Climate Change and the Inescapable Present

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-138
Author(s):  
Jeanne Tiehen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Phenomenological Experience

The crisis of climate change is a difficult phenomenon to conceptualize, particularly in light of how we experience time and how our consciousness works. It is an event that spans tense in ways that are difficult to pinpoint, and it provides no past precedent to shape our future anticipations. Furthermore, climate change encounters us at a moment when time also feels compressed. This paper explores climate change and its relationship to time by assessing how theatre, with its own phenomenologically unique qualities of time and experience, has portrayed these tensions. Utilizing phenomenological theories of time from Husserl and Heidegger, and drawing on philosophical and cultural theories of presentism, this paper examines how these ideas manifest in two climate change plays: Moira Buffini, Matt Charman, Penelope Skinner, and Jack Thorne’s Greenland (2011) and Stephen Emmott’s Ten Billion (2012). In conclusion, it is argued that theatre’s own conventions of time and space allows an inescapable present to exist, in which audiences are given a phenomenological experience of climate change that is otherwise unparalleled.

Tropical rock coasts

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherith A. Moses
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Rock coasts are widespread in the tropics and exhibit particular morphologies that may be specific to their tropical, micro-tidal location. Notches are particularly well developed, often linked to onshore cliffs and fronted by subhorizontal platforms. Through a review of previously published data across the tropics, average cliff face erosion rates are calculated as 2.15 ± 2.62 mm a−1, intertidal erosion rates 3.03 ± 7.50 mm a−1 and subtidal erosion rates 0.96 ± 0.44 mm a−1. Intertidal erosion rates are variable within and across latitudinal ranges: within 10°N and S of the equator average rates are 1.42 ± 1.22 mm a−1; between latitudes of 10°and 20°, 0.88 ± 1.16 mm a−1 and between latitudes of 20°and 30°, 2.04 ± 2.57 mm a−1. A consideration of temporal variations in intertidal erosion rates provides insights into the potential impacts of climate change on the erosion dynamics of rock coasts in the tropics. This paper highlights some of the interactions over time and space between process and measurement that continue to limit our understanding of, and ability to model, the erosion dynamics of tropical rock coasts. It concludes by identifying potentially fruitful areas for future research.

scholarly journals Groundwater and climate change

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-6
Author(s):  
Giovanni Pietro Beretta
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Considerable Importance ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Earth's Crust

In reconstructing the effects of climate change, the problem of water availability is of considerable importance. Globally, the quantity of water resources will not change, but its availability in time and space on the earth’s crust will undergo modifications that will have important social and economic consequences [...].

scholarly journals Body Size Variation in Italian Lesser Horseshoe Bats Rhinolophus hipposideros over 147 Years: Exploring the Effects of Climate Change, Urbanization and Geography

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Valeria B. Salinas-Ramos ◽  
Paolo Agnelli ◽  
Luciano Bosso ◽  
Leonardo Ancillotto ◽  
Víctor Sánchez-Cordero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Detectable Effect ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Body Size Variation ◽  
Rhinolophus Hipposideros

Body size in animals commonly shows geographic and temporal variations that may depend upon several environmental drivers, including climatic conditions, productivity, geography and species interactions. The topic of body size trends across time has gained momentum in recent years since this has been proposed as a third universal response to climate change along with changes in distribution and phenology. However, disentangling the genuine effects of climate change from those of other environmental factors is often far from trivial. In this study, we tested a set of hypotheses concerning body size variation across time and space in Italian populations of a rhinolophid bat, the lesser horseshoe bat Rhinolophus hipposideros. We examined forearm length (FAL) and cranial linear traits in a unique historical collection of this species covering years from 1869 to 2016, representing, to the best of our knowledge, the longest time series ever considered in a morphological assessment of a bat species. No temporal changes occurred, rejecting the hypotheses that body size varied in response to climate change or urbanization (light pollution). We found that FAL increased with latitude following a Bergmann’s rule trend, whereas the width of upper incisors, likely a diet-related trait, showed an opposite pattern which awaits explanation. We also confirmed that FAL is sexually dimorphic in this species and ruled out that insularity has any detectable effect on the linear traits we considered. This suggests that positive responses of body size to latitude do not mean per se that concurring temporal responses to climate change are also expected. Further investigations should explore the occurrence of these patterns over larger spatial scales and more species in order to detect the existence of general patterns across time and space.

scholarly journals Collectively, we need to accelerate Arctic specimen sampling

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-524
Author(s):  
Kevin Winker ◽  
Jack Withrow
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Natural History Collections ◽  
Specimen Resource ◽  
Specimen Sampling

Natural history collections are not often thought of as observatories, but they are increasingly being used as such to observe biological systems and changes within them. Objects and the data associated with them are archived for present and future research. These specimen collections provide many diverse scientific benefits, helping us understand not only individual species or populations but also the environments in which they live(d). Despite these benefits, the specimen resource is inadequate to the tasks being asked of it — there are many gaps, taxonomically and in time and space. We examine and highlight some of these gaps using bird collections as an example. Given the speed of climate change in the Arctic, we need to collectively work to fill these gaps so we can develop and wield the science that will make us better stewards of Arctic environments.

scholarly journals Crisis Communication, Anticipated Food Insecurity, and Food Preferences: Preregistered Evidence of the Insurance Hypothesis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Folwarczny ◽  
Jacob Dalgaard Christensen ◽  
Norman Li ◽  
Tobias Otterbring ◽  
Valdimar Sigurdsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Insurance Hypothesis ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Food Scarcity ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
Current Psychological

While overconsumption of energy-dense foods contributes to climate change, we investigated whether exposure to climate change-induced food insecurity affects preferences toward such products. Humans’ current psychological mechanisms have developed in their ancestral evolutionary past to respond to immediate threats and opportunities. Consequently, these mechanisms may not distinguish between cues to actual food scarcity and cues to food scarcity distant in time and space. Drawing on the insurance hypothesis, which postulates that humans respond to environmental cues to food scarcity through increased energy consumption, we predicted that exposing participants to climate change-induced food scarcity content increases their preferences toward energy-dense foods, with this effect being particularly pronounced in women. Three experiments—including one preregistered laboratory study—confirm this prediction. Our findings jointly demonstrate that receiving information about food shortages distant in time and space can influence current food preferences in a potentially maladaptive way, with important implications for public health.

Virginia Woolf’s Queer Time and Place: Wartime London and a World Aslant

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Engdahl Coates
Keyword(s):  
Time And Space ◽  
Phenomenological Experience ◽  
Experience Of Time ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Social Gathering ◽  
Queer Phenomenology ◽  
The Waves ◽  
Jacob's Room

Coates employs queer phenomenology proposed by Judith Halberstam and Sara Ahmed to explore the ways Virginia Woolf’s modernist aesthetic queers events, characters, affects, and the phenomenological experience of time and space. Examining queer angles of vision in Jacob’s Room, Mrs. Dalloway, The Waves, and The Years, Woolf depicts a London irrevocably queered by war or its anticipation. Rendering familiar temporal and spatial frames suddenly askew, Woolf’s queer analysis of wartime London calls us to heed the destructive consequences of a militancy facilitated by patriarchy and heteronormativity, while simultaneously inviting us to inhabit a city capable of offering radically alternative modes of social gathering.

Let's Talk about the Weather: Decentering Democratic Debate about Climate Change

Hypatia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronwyn Hayward
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
The South ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Democratic Debate

In this paper, Bronwyn Hayward, a New Zealander, explores Iris Marion Young's argument for decentered deliberation in the context of climate change debate in the South Pacific. Young's criticisms of a centered approach to local planning are examined. Hayward supports Young's argument for decentered deliberation and her concept of ‘linkage’ as a criterion of good decentered democracy. Local forums are identified as essential sites of struggle against injustice. Decentered democracy is strengthened when multiple linkages connect heal forums across time and space.

scholarly journals A novel algorithmic framework for identifying changing streamflow regimes: Application to Canadian natural streams (1966–2010)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Zaerpour ◽  
Shadi Hatami ◽  
Javad Sadri ◽  
Ali Nazemi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Natural Streams ◽  
Regime Types ◽  
Finite Set ◽  
Algorithmic Framework ◽  
Streamflow Regime ◽  
Streamflow Data ◽  
Available Information

Abstract. Climate change significantly affects natural streamflow regime. To assess alterations in streamflow regime, typically few streamflow characteristics are considered and their significant variations in time and space are taken as a notion of change. Although, this approach is informative, intuitively appealing and widely-implemented, (1) it cannot see simultaneous changes in multiple streamflow characteristics; (2) it does not utilize all the available information contained in a streamflow hydrograph; and (3) it cannot describe how and to what extent one streamflow regime evolves into other regime types. To address these gaps, we conceptualize streamflow regimes as intersecting spectrums that are formed by multiple streamflow characteristics. Accordingly, we recognize that changes in streamflow regime should be diagnosed through gradual, yet continuous changes in an ensemble of streamflow characteristics. To incorporate these key considerations, we propose a fuzzy clustering-based approach to classify the natural streamflow into a finite set of intersecting regime types. Accordingly, by analyzing how the degrees of membership to regime types change, we quantify monotonic shifts between regime types in time and space. Our proposed algorithm eliminates the subjectivity in quantifying shift between flow regimes, and can extract valuable knowledge stored in the shape and variability of annual streamflow hydrographs. We apply this approach to the natural streamflow data, obtained from 106 Canadian gauges, during the period of 1966 to 2010. We show that natural streamflow in Canada can be categorized into six regime types, with clear physical and geographical distinctions. Analyses of trends in membership values during the study period show that alterations in natural streamflow regime are vibrant and can be different within and between major Canadian drainage basins. We show that gradual changes in natural streamflow regimes in Canada can be attributed to simultaneous changes in a large number of streamflow characteristics, some of which have been previously unknown or not well-attended. Our study introduces a generic algorithmic framework for identifying changing streamflow regime at regional and global scales, and provides a fresh look at streamflow alterations in Canada, which can be seen as another line of evidence for the complex and multifaceted impacts of climate change on streamflow regime, particularly in cold regions.

scholarly journals Climate Change: What Psychology Can Offer in Terms of Insights and Solutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. M. Van Lange ◽  
Jeff Joireman ◽  
Manfred Milinski
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Dilemmas ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Three Solutions ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
The Future

Can psychological science offer evidence-based solutions to climate change? Using insights and principles derived from the literature on social dilemmas and human cooperation, we discuss evidence in support of three solutions: crossing the borders of thought, time, and space. First, borders of thought could be crossed by using persuasion that is concrete and tailored to local circumstances and by highlighting information about people’s efforts as evidence against the myth of self-interest. Second, borders of time could be crossed by using kinship cues, which can help make the future less distant, and relatively uninvolved advisors, who may help make the future salient. And third, borders of space could be crossed by showing group representatives how they might benefit from a frame of altruistic competition—focusing on the benefits of being seen as moral and global in orientation. Our overall conclusion is that psychological science can offer evidence-based solutions to climate change.

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