scholarly journals Farmed Turkish salmon: Toxic metals and health threat

2021 ◽  
pp. 317-323
Author(s):  
Levent Bat ◽  
Elif Arici ◽  
Ayşah Öztekin ◽  
Fatih Şahin
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Total Risk ◽  
Fish Fillet ◽  
Health Threat ◽  
Aquaculture Fish ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

Introduction. Toxic metals in fish, even at low levels, have negative consequences for human health. Even essential metals pose a health threat if consumed in certain quantities. Mercury, cadmium, and lead are the most frequent metals containing in fish. The research objective was to inspect the quality of aquaculture fish found in most major grocery chains across Turkey. Study objects and methods. The present research featured the quantities of Zn, Fe, Cu, Al, Pb, Hg, and Cd in Turkish salmon. The sampling took place between February and June 2019. The cumulative carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk for consumers was evaluated based on trace element levels in a prospective health risk assessment using the U.S. EPA model of lifetime exposure. Results and discussion. Fe proved to be the most abundant element in fish fillets, followed by Zn and Cu. Other elements appeared to be far below the permissible values, namely Al ≤ 0.5, Cd ≤ 0.02, Pb, and Hg ≤ 0.05. All the trace elements detected in Turkish salmon were below the reference dose values. The percent contribution to total risk by Fe, Cu, and Zn were 34.20, 24.80, and 41.01%, respectively. The hazard index was ≤ 1. The contamination of aquaculture fish fillet proved insignificant, and the carcinogenic risk was entirely negligible. Conclusion. The research revealed no hazardous trace elements, and their cumulative effects were not indicated in the hazardous index.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution and risk assessment of toxic metals in agricultural soils from endemic nasopharyngeal carcinoma region in South China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 568-579
Author(s):  
Liping Mo ◽  
Yongzhang Zhou ◽  
Gnanachandrasamy Gopalakrishnana ◽  
Xingyuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
South China ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Low Incidence

AbstractSihui city (South China) is much affected by nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). To investigate the relationships between the toxic metals in soil and NPC incidence in Sihui, 119 surface soil samples were collected from agricultural fields and analyzed. The soil As–Cr contents in Longjiang (high-incidence area) are significantly lower than those in Weizheng and Jianglin (low-incidence areas), whereas the soil Pb content in Longjiang is significantly higher than that in Weizheng. The Nemerow pollution indices (PIN) of soils decrease in the order of Jianglin > Weizheng > Longjiang. The enrichment factor (EF) of Cd indicates that the Cd enrichment is contributed by human activities. Potential toxic metal-related ecological risk values decrease in the order of Jianglin > Weizheng > Longjiang. The mean hazard index (HI) value of Longjiang was lower than those of Weizheng and Jianglin. There are no adverse noncarcinogenic health effects of soil toxic metals to adults in the study areas. Carcinogenic risks of As and Cr via ingestion and dermal contact and total carcinogenic risk are within the warning range, from 10−6 to 10−4. Hence, we suggest that toxic metals in the soil may not be major geochemical carcinogenic factors of high NPC incidence in Sihui.

scholarly journals Preliminary Health Risk Assessment in Relation to Some Trace Elements in Ogunpa River, South-Western Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A Omotoso
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Average Value

Ogunpa River receives municipal and industrial waste discharge from its catchments and these have depleted the quality of the water. Hence, this research examines the preliminary environmental impacts and health implications of some trace elements in the water using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) laboratory technique. Average values of Al, Ba, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb are above the recommended limits of WHO. The CF showed that the trace elements varied from considerable contamination factor to very high contamination factor and the degree of contamination varied from 1023 to 11640. The hazard quotient computed for the adults is generally less than unity except Pb that has average value of 1.27. In children, the computed hazard quotient on the average ranges from 0.000572 to 4.04. Al, As, Ba, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn and Cd have their average values less than unity respectively, while Fe, Mn and Pb has their average values greater than one. The Hazard Index (HI) in adults and children are greater than one. Carcinogenic risk assessment was computed for Cr, Pb and Cd which was greater than 10-6 in children and adult. Only Cd in adult was less than the prescribed limit of 10-6. Effort should be made to checkmate indiscriminate dumping of refuse and sewages into the water body as these could serve as pollutants to other adjourning rivers and main water bodies. In conclusion, the water is not fit for domestic, agricultural and probably industrial uses because of its health implications on consumption

scholarly journals Health risk assessment by trace elements in an aquatic system in midwestern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e398101019037
Author(s):  
Raylane Pereira Gomes ◽  
Thais Reis Oliveira ◽  
Aline Rodrigues Gama ◽  
Fernando Santos Lima ◽  
José Daniel Gonçalves Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Risk Indices ◽  
Daily Dose

Water is an important asset for the maintenance of life and socioeconomic development. Aquatic environments have been anthropized, receiving a large polluting load, mainly from trace elements.This study investigates the occurrence of health risks caused by 15 trace elements in the surface water of João Leite stream. Health risk indices were evaluated as average daily dose (ADD), hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index and carcinogenic risk. The risk analysis to human health of the stream João Leite water, indicated that the ADDingestion for the adults had the highest for Fe 1.86E-00 µg/kg/day and lower value for Be 8.0E-05 µg/kg/day. On the other hand, of ADDdermal the highest value was for Fe 5.02E-02 µg/kg/day and, the smallest for Sb 1.54E-05 µg/kg/day. For children to ADDingestion obtained was obtained the highest Fe value 2.60E-00 µg/kg/day and smaller for Be 1.12E-04 µg/kg/day. For ADDdermal the highest value was for Fe 8.58E-02 µg/kg/day and smaller for Sb 2.64E-05 µg/kg/day. HQ for adults ranged from 1.61E-05 to 2.97E-01 for HQingestion and 7.71E-06 to 1.01E-01 for HQdermal. For children 2.25E-05 to 3.74E-01 for HQingestion and 1.32E-05 to 1.73E-01 for HQdermal. The health risk assessment showed that for children, the trace elements present in water have a potentially adverse effect on non-carcinogenic health. The carcinogenic risks were unacceptable for both children and adults. Thus, it is recommended that the use of these waters be limited and that measures be taken to minimize pollution by trace elements.

scholarly journals Quantitative measurement of toxic metals and assessment of health risk in agricultural products food from Markazi Province of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Karimi ◽  
Nabi Shariatifar ◽  
Mohammad Rezaei ◽  
Mahsa Alikord ◽  
Majid Arabameri
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
The United States ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Emission Spectrometry

AbstractThe current study aims to investigate the levels of the toxic metal in agricultural products (legumes, wheat, and potato) collected in Markazi province, Iran, and human health risk by using inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The levels of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) in all samples were lower than the limit of detection (LOD), while the level of Cd in potato samples was lower than the maximum permisible level (MPL) of the European commission (EC). The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk assessment by direct ingestion of agricultural products was calculated using the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) method. The highest mean of toxic metals was observed for lead (Pb) in legume samples (562.17 μg kg− 1). Mercury (Hg) and Pb levels in all samples were higher than LOD, while Pb level in wheat samples were lower than of EC. The rank order of Hg and Pb levels in all samples based on target hazard quotient (THQ) value was wheat> potato>legume. The THQ index of Hg and Pb by the deterministic method in wheat was 1.37 and 0.454; in potato 0.139 and 0.104; in legume 0.092 and 0.41, respectively. The carcinogenic risk index was at an acceptable range. The high hazard index values were estimated and the THQ index for Hg in wheat suggests a non-negligible health risk.

scholarly journals Assessment of Trace Elements Supply in Canned Tuna Fish Commercialized for Human Consumption in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12002
Author(s):  
Nayara Vieira de Lima ◽  
Daniela Granja Arakaki ◽  
Elaine Silva de Pádua Melo ◽  
David Johane Machate ◽  
Valter Aragão do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Elemental Content ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Tuna Fish ◽  
Canned Tuna ◽  
Red Flag

This study evaluates the elemental content in 4 types of canned tuna fish groups, each with 4 brands that are commercialized for human consumption in Brazil. The results are based on trace elements in canned tuna fish quantified by ICP OES and a comparison to limit levels set by the FAO/WHO. We also checked the carcinogenic risk (CR), non-carcinogenic risk (Hazard Index (HI) and Hazard Quotient (HQ)), and pollution index (PI) for the studied canned tuna samples. As and Se concentrations in all groups are above the intake values set by FAO/WHO considering specific groups. The carcinogenic risk values for arsenic (As) in groups are considerably unacceptable (≥10−4). Hazard quotients (HQ) were >1 for As in all groups, while no sample was below 1 for HI. The pollution index (PI) results show that the main canned tuna fish contaminant is aluminum, then selenium and arsenic, respectively. Only half of the samples did not present elemental contaminant levels. All studied brands of canned tuna presented elemental concentrations that could pose a health risk to human consumption, that could be from CR, HQ, HI, or PI. The contaminant levels are alarming and should raise a red flag for the intake of these products, especially a long-term one. These results urge the authorities to supervise and enforce better practices for this type of food, protecting their population from health hazards.

scholarly journals Risk assessment of Ni, Cr, and Si release from alkaline minerals during enhanced weathering

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-175
Author(s):  
Fatima Haque ◽  
Yi Wai Chiang ◽  
Rafael M. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Silicate Minerals ◽  
Guideline Value ◽  
Quality Guideline ◽  
Index Value

AbstractCalcium- and magnesium-rich alkaline silicate minerals, when applied to soil, can aid in carbon dioxide sequestration via enhanced weathering. The weathering of these silicate minerals is also associated with the release of heavy metals such as Ni and Cr, depending on the composition of the parent rock, and also labile Si. This paper critically analyses the risk associated with the release of Ni, Cr, and Si from alkaline silicate minerals as a result of enhanced weathering to evaluate its potential to be applied as a soil amendment. Based on the available data in the literature, this study evaluates the soil contamination level and quantifies the risk these elements pose to human health as well as the environment. To assess these potential threat levels, the geoaccumulation index was applied, along with the method recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency for health risk assessment. The main findings of this study indicate the potential release of Ni, Cr, and Si to exceed the soil quality guideline value. The geochemical index suggests that the analyzed samples are in the class 0–3 and represents sites that lie between uncontaminated zones to highly contaminated zones. The hazard index value for Ni and Cr is greater than unity, which suggests that Ni and Cr release poses a non-carcinogenic risk. The probability of labile Si concentration in the soil to exceed the critical value is found to be 75%.

scholarly journals Differences in macroelements, trace elements and toxic metals between wild and captive-reared greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) from the Mediterranean Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 112637
Author(s):  
Enrique Lozano-Bilbao ◽  
Ninoska Adern ◽  
Arturo Hardisson ◽  
Dailos González-Weller ◽  
Carmen Rubio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Seriola Dumerili ◽  
Greater Amberjack ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Human health impact assessment and temporal distribution of trace elements in Copșa Mică- Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Bodor ◽  
Zsolt Bodor ◽  
Alexandru Szép ◽  
Róbert Szép
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Dermal Absorption ◽  
Safe Limit ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Mean Concentration

AbstractThe present study aims to analyze the temporal variations of PM10 and to assess the health risk indexes caused by trace elements from particulate matter (PM10) via inhalation, ingestion, and dermal absorption by adults and children in Copșa Mică (Romania) during 2009–2019. The results revealed a high multi-annual mean concentration of PM10 and trace elements. The analyzed air pollutants showed a decreasing trend during the studied years, therefore 44.11%, 43.48%, 36.07%, 16.02%, and 15.80% lower values were observed for As, Cd, Ni, PM10, and Pb, respectively, due to environmental regulations. The daily exceedance percentage of Pb and Cd was very high, representing 21.74% and 11.26%, followed by PM10 and As concentrations with 4.72% and 3.92%. The ratio between the trace element concentration measured in Copșa Mică and the country average was 2.46, 4.01, 2.44 and 10.52 times higher for As, Cd, Ni and Pb. The calculated Hazard Quotient values via inhalation were higher than the safe limit (1), which accounted 1.81, 3.89 and 4.52, for As, Cd and Ni, respectively, indicating that the trace elements might present a non-carcinogenic risk to both adults and children. Furthermore, the concentration of all studied trace elements in Copșa Mică showed cancer risk for adults via inhalation and dermal absorption as well.

Heavy metal and essential elements in beers from turkey market: A risk assessment study

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712199321
Author(s):  
M Charehsaz ◽  
S Helvacıoğlu ◽  
S Çetinkaya ◽  
R Demir ◽  
O Erdem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Multiple Heavy Metals

In this study, the level of arsenic (As), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) and also essential elements in beer samples consumed in Turkey were investigated using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. The heavy metal-induced non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks were calculated. For essential elements, the calculated estimated daily intake of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), selenium (Se) and cobalt (Co) from beer consumption were compared with their toxicity reference values. Tukey post-hoc test showed that As was found at a significantly higher level when compared to Pb. Also, a significant correlation was found between As level and alcohol by volume percent. All samples had a hazard quotient and hazard index <1, indicating no non-carcinogenic risk from exposure to single or multiple heavy metals. Some samples exceeded the threshold limit of acceptable cancer risk for As in the high beer consumer group. This assessment showed that in addition to health implications based on the alcohol content of beer, there might be a carcinogenic risk associated with the heavy metals content of these beverages.

Toxicological Risk Associated with Consumption of Rice Sold in Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leatitiah Namubiru ◽  
Denis Male ◽  
Ivan Mukisa Muzira ◽  
Yusuf Byenkya Byaruhanga
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Lifetime Cancer Risk ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Timely Feedback ◽  
Rice Samples

Previous studies have reported the presence of aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2), heavy metals (As, Cd and Pb) and organochlorine pesticide residues (OCPs) in rice sold in Uganda. However, the potential health effects associated with consumption of rice have not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health risk of consuming rice sold in Uganda. A total of 45 packed and 30 open traded rice samples were randomly collected from retail outlets in the main rice trading areas of Uganda. Rice was analysed for AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2, As, Cd, Pb and OCPs using AOAC standard methods. Dietary exposure of the consumers to contaminants was assessed using the estimated daily intake (EDI). The Hazard index (HI) and the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) were determined to define the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk from contaminants, respectively. The potency of liver cancer cases in Uganda was 1.02E-5 and 1.05E-5 adults/year/100,000, and 6.50E-4 and 6.72E-5 infants /year/100,000 for open traded and packed rice, respectively. The values obtained for the ILCR for Arsenic detected in rice were 1.14E-2 and 7.28E-2 for adults and infants, respectively. The ILCR of all detected OCPs in adults and infants were higher than 1.0E-4, in both open traded and packed rice. This study established a potential carcinogenic risk from consumption of rice sold in Uganda in both infants and adults at the current level of contamination and consumption rate. Establishment of a monitoring system along the entire rice value chain; enforced by a national regulatory body can provide timely feedback on the levels of contamination and the progress in reducing the contamination burden.

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