Effectiveness of High Energy Efficiency to Minimize Energy Consumption for Residential Buildings in Egypt

One-stage pre-cooled mixture refrigerant cycle can be applied in small-scale LNG plant and be special suitable for skit mounted LNG plant. It has different character with the C3MR cycle used in large-scale LNG plant. The optimization of the mixture refrigerant is carried out using HYSYS software. The effect of the main process parameters on the performance of the cycle is calculated and discussed. The result shows that appropriate ranges of the process parameters exist. Higher and lower values of the parameters will increase the energy consumption significantly. The results also indicate that the optimization of the one-stage pre-cooled mixture refrigerant cycle can obtain rather high energy efficiency that is competitive with that of the SMR which is widely employed in small-scale LNG plant.

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A methodological approach to the design of high energy efficiency non-residential buildings

10.12681/eadd/46566 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Χριστίνα-Βασιλική Κωνσταντινίδου

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

High Energy ◽

High Energy Efficiency

Η ανάγκη για θερμική άνεση στα κτίρια γραφείων, εκτός από τη βιωσιμότητα της κατασκευής και την ενεργειακή απόδοση του κτιρίου, έπαιξε καθοριστικό ρόλο στη διαμόρφωση της «από πάνω προς τα κάτω», κάθετης, προσέγγισης σχεδιασμού που παρουσιάζεται στην παρούσα διατριβή. H διερεύνηση της χρήσης των υλικών αλλαγής φάσης (PCM) στα κτίρια αποτελεί έναν τομέα που παρουσιάζει σημαντική δραστηριότητα όσον αφορά την έρευνα και την ανάπτυξη αλλά και ολοένα και περισσότερες εφαρμογές στην πράξη. Συγκεκριμένα, έχουν διεξαχθεί αρκετές μελέτες για εφαρμογές PCM σε κτίρια, με πολλούς ερευνητές να αναφέρουν τα πλεονεκτήματα αυτών των εφαρμογών στην εξοικονόμηση ενέργειας, τη μετατόπιση του φορτίου αιχμής καθώς και τη βελτίωση της θερμικής άνεσης. Σχετικά με το σχεδιασμό και την κατασκευή των κτιρίων, έχει γίνει εκτεταμένη έρευνα για τη βελτιστοποίηση της ενεργειακής απόδοσης τόσο του κτιριακού κελύφους όσο και των ηλεκτρομηχανολογικών συστημάτων, θεωρώντας ωστόσο ως δεδομένα τα όρια και τις συνθήκες θερμικής άνεσης και δίνοντας λιγότερη έμφαση στην οπτική άνεση. Η παρούσα διατριβή ασχολείται με τη βελτιστοποίηση των χαρακτηριστικών θερμικής συμπεριφοράς του κελύφους σε κτίρια γραφείων με εφαρμογή στο μεσογειακό κλίμα της Ελλάδας. Προτείνεται μια μεθοδολογία η οποία συνδυάζει τη δυναμική προσομοίωση και την πολύ-παραγοντική βελτιστοποίηση, αρχικά με στόχο τη βελτιστοποίηση του περιβλήματος του κτιρίου σε σχέση τόσο με τις απαιτήσεις του κτιρίου για ψύξη όσο και με τις επιτευχθείσες συνθήκες θερμικής άνεσης. Δεδομένης της περιορισμένης έρευνας που επικεντρώνεται στη χρήση PCM σε κλιματολογικές συνθήκες της Μεσογείου, η παρούσα διατριβή στοχεύει στην ποσοτική και ποιοτική αξιολόγηση της αποθήκευσης θερμότητας με τη χρήση υλικών αλλαγής φάσης (PCM) στο κέλυφος, αναλύοντας τις δυνατότητές που αυτά προσφέρουν στο μελετητή. Η έρευνα προχωρά ένα βήμα παραπέρα στην εκτίμηση του περιβαλλοντικού αποτυπώματος και της οικονομικής σκοπιμότητας της χρήσης PCM σε κτίρια γραφείων μέσω της ανάλυσης κύκλου ζωής (LCA) σε συνδυασμό με την ανάλυση κόστους κύκλου ζωής (LCCA), αντίστοιχα. Στο πλαίσιο αυτό, προτείνεται μια μεθοδολογική προσέγγιση με κύριο στόχο τη δημιουργία ενός ολοκληρωμένου και ευέλικτου εργαλείου αξιολόγησης το οποίο θα μπορεί να υποστηρίζει την εφαρμογή των υλικών αλλαγής φάσης στην περιοχή της Μεσογείου.

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Unscrambling the Building Envelope Insulation Technique in "Tianjin Energy Efficiency Design Standard for Rural Residential Buildings"

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.805-806.1519 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 805-806 ◽

pp. 1519-1523 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chang Feng Wang ◽

Guo Qiang Fan

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Minimum Energy ◽

High Energy ◽

Building Envelope ◽

Minimum Energy Consumption ◽

Tianjin City ◽

Energy Efficiency Standard ◽

Energy Efficiency Standards

In order to solve problems of high energy consumption and poor indoor thermal comfort in existing rural residential buildings, Tianjin city developed Tianjin energy efficiency standard for rural residential buildings, the building envelope insulation technique in the standard-including determination of heat transfer coefficient, principle of choosing insulation materials for building envelope, energy efficiency standards of walls, windows, and roofs are unscrambled particularly in this paper. It is suggested that natural materials and appropriate techniques are used to achieve the energy-saving goal for rural residential buildings with minimum energy consumption.

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Efficient Hybrid Emergency Aware MAC Protocol for Wireless Body Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s18103572 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 3572 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Nadine Bou Dargham ◽

Abdallah Makhoul ◽

Jacques Bou Abdo ◽

Jacques Demerjian ◽

Christophe Guyeux

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Sensor Networks ◽

Mac Protocol ◽

High Energy ◽

Body Sensor Networks ◽

Emergency Situations ◽

High Energy Efficiency ◽

Periodic Traffic ◽

Packet Drop

In Body Sensor Networks (BSNs), two types of events should be addressed: periodic and emergency events. Traffic rate is usually low during periodic observation, and becomes very high upon emergency. One of the main and challenging requirements of BSNs is to design Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols that guarantee immediate and reliable transmission of data in emergency situations, while maintaining high energy efficiency in non-emergency conditions. In this paper, we propose a new emergency aware hybrid DTDMA/DS-CDMA protocol that can accommodate BSN traffic variations by addressing emergency and periodic traffic requirements. It takes advantage of the high delay efficiency of DS-CDMA in traffic burst, and the high energy efficiency of DTDMA in periodic traffic. The proposed scheme is evaluated in terms of delay, packet drop percentage, and energy consumption. Different OPNET simulations are performed for various number of nodes carrying emergency data, and for various payload sizes. The protocol performance is compared to other existing hybrid protocols. Results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the others in terms of delay and packet drop percentage for different number of nodes carrying emergency data, as well as for different payload sizes. It also offers the highest energy efficiency during periodic observation, while adjusting the energy consumption during emergency by assigning spreading codes only to nodes holding emergency data.

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Evaluating the potential energy savings of residential buildings and utilizing solar energy in the middle region of Saudi Arabia – Case study

Energy Exploration & Exploitation ◽

10.1177/0144598720975144 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 014459872097514

Author(s):

AbdulRahman S Almushaikah ◽

Radwan A Almasri

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Solar Energy ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Energy Performance ◽

High Energy ◽

Building Envelope ◽

Economic Feasibility ◽

Middle Region

Lately, with the growth in energy consumption worldwide to support global efforts to improve the climate, developing nations have to take significant measures. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) implemented meaningful policy actions towards promoting energy efficiency (EE) in several sectors, especially in the building sector, to be more sustainable. In this paper, various EE measures and solar energy prospects are investigated for the residential sector, in two locations in the middle region of the KSA. An energy performance analysis of pre-existing residential buildings with an overall design is performed using simulation programs. However, installing EE measures in the building envelope is important to achieve an efficient sector regarding its energy consumption. The findings showed that applying EE measures for the building envelope, walls, roof, and windows should be considered first that makes the energy conservation possible. In Riyadh, EE measures are responsible for reducing energy consumption by 27% for walls, 14% for roof, and 6% for window, and by 29%, 13%, and 6% for walls, roof, and windows, respectively, for Qassim. However, the most impactful EE solution was selecting a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system with a high energy efficiency rate (EER), which can minimize the energy consumption by 33% and 32% for Riyadh and Qassim, respectively. The study's feasibility showed that the number of years needed to offset the initial investment for a proposed roof PV system exceeds the project's life, if the energy produced is exported to the grid at the official export tariff of 0.019 $/kWh. However, the simple payback time was 13.42 years if the energy produced is exported to the grid at a rate of 0.048 $/kWh, reflecting the project's economic feasibility.

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Study on System Frame of China Industry Boilers Energy Efficiency Standards

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201817504003 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 175 ◽

pp. 04003

Author(s):

Ren Liu ◽

Yuejin Zhao ◽

Lili Chen ◽

Haihong Chen

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Co2 Emission ◽

Central Government ◽

High Energy ◽

Industry Standards ◽

Reduce Energy Consumption ◽

High Energy Efficiency ◽

Energy Efficiency Standards

Energy consumption is always concerned by China government, from 11th five years plan, central government and departments are trying to deduce the energy consumption and CO2 emission. Massive energy were consumed by industry boiler that pointed out by investigation of energy in China industry, standards for boilers, specially energy efficiency standards are always considered to be a key approach to reduce energy consumption and promote high energy efficiency technology. From the results of survey, industry boiler energy efficiency standards are indeed useful to reduce energy consume. In this paper, we try to research on China industry boilers energy efficiency standards, based on that we concluded the system of China industry boiler energy efficiency standards, and listed all the index of those energy efficiency standards which force to comply. It is very useful to make everyone to understand China industry boiler, and industry boiler energy efficiency standards.

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The reliability of technological systems with high energy efficiency in residential buildings

Energy and Buildings ◽

10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.09.027 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 68 ◽

pp. 19-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

L. Peruzzi ◽

F. Salata ◽

A. de Lieto Vollaro ◽

R. de Lieto Vollaro

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

High Energy ◽

Technological Systems ◽

High Energy Efficiency

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The Analysis of Multi-Apartment Residential Buildings Energy Consumption in Russia

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202021701003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 217 ◽

pp. 01003

Author(s):

Aleksandr Lanko ◽

Francisco José Sánchez de la Flor ◽

Yuri Geraskin

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Energy Efficient ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

High Energy ◽

Apartment Buildings ◽

Energy Metering ◽

High Energy Efficiency ◽

New Buildings ◽

High Energy Consumption ◽

Insufficient Number

The main reasons for the high energy consumption of residential multi-apartment buildings in Russia are the lack of motivation of developers in the construction and equipment of new buildings with a high energy efficiency class, as well as the insufficient number of energy metering devices. The main solution to the problem may be state support for energy-efficient technologies, compensation for excessive costs of the developer.

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Projeto arquitetônico para a cidade de Catalão/GO: diretrizes para a zona bioclimática 6

REEC - Revista Eletrônica de Engenharia Civil ◽

10.5216/reec.v14i1.46976 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Débora Adiane Borges ◽

Antover Panazzolo Sarmento ◽

Gabriel Bernardes de Carvalho

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Architectural Design ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

High Energy ◽

Bioclimatic Zone ◽

Maximum Comfort ◽

The City ◽

Solar Orientation ◽

High Energy Consumption

O conforto dos usuários de um ambiente costuma estar atrelado a um alto consumo de energia constituindo um possível problema ambiental. A bioclimatologia é uma das táticas utilizadas para reduzir o consumo de energia com máximo conforto para os usuários através do projeto arquitetônico. Existem normas e diretrizes que especificam estratégias de desempenho térmico, entre elas, a NBR 15220 (ABNT, 2005) é uma norma brasileira que apresenta recomendações para diferentes regiões e zonas bioclimáticas do país. Além dela, existe a NBR 15575 (ABNT, 2013), a Portaria n° 18 de 2012 (RTQ-R: Regulamento Técnico da Qualidade para o Nível de Eficiência Energética em Edificações Residenciais) e o Selo Casa Azul. Este trabalho avaliou as diretrizes construtivas de todas essas publicações para a Zona Bioclimática 6 (ZB6), onde se encontra a cidade de Catalão, objetivando encontrar as melhores estratégias arquitetônicas que podem ser implantadas nas casas de classe média dessa cidade. Utilizou-se o software DLN e dados do INMET para avaliação da orientação solar e dos ventos verificando as recomendações mais pertinentes para Catalão e região. Entre os resultados encontrados estão os tipos de vedações e coberturas, estratégias de condicionamento e posicionamento e dimensionamento das aberturas. A principal contribuição deste estudo foi identificar as características necessárias a um projeto arquitetônico, que atende a bioclimatologia, possibilitando maior eficiência energética para a ZB6, com destaque à cidade de Catalão. Abstract The comfort of users of an environment is usually linked to a high energy consumption, which constitutes a true environmental problem. The bioclimatology is one strategy used to reduce energy consumption with maximum comfort to users through the architectural design. There are standard and guidelines that specify thermal performance strategies, including the NBR 15220 (ABNT, 2005) is a Brazilian standard that makes recommendations for different regions and bioclimatic zones of the country. Beyond it, there is the NBR 15575 (ABNT, 2013) Portaria n°. 18 of 2012 (RTQ-R: Quality Technical Regulation for Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings in level) and the Blue House Seal. This work assessed the constructive guidelines of all these publications to the bioclimatic zone 6, where it is the city of Catalão, aiming at finding the best architectural strategies that can be deployed in middle-class houses of this city. It was used the DLN software and INMET data for evaluation of solar orientation and wind orientation looking at the most relevant recommendations to Catalão and region. Some results are the types of wall and cover, conditioning strategies and positioning and sizing of the openings. The work contributes to identify the characteristics necessary for an architectural project, which attends to bioclimatology, allowing greater energy efficiency for ZB6, with emphasis on the city of Catalão.

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