PARASITOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF PIPERAZINE CITRATE AGAINST CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS INFECTION IN BOTH IMMUNOCOMPETENT AND IMMUNOCOMPROMISED MICE

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-576
Author(s):  
SAMIA M. RASHED ◽  
MAYSA A. ERAKY ◽  
MARWA M. NAGEEB ◽  
ASMAA F. AHMED ◽  
RABAB OMAR
Keyword(s):  
Immunocompromised Mice

scholarly journals Immunoregulatory function of Dictyophora echinovolvata spore polysaccharides in immunocompromised mice induced by cyclophosphamide

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 620-629
Author(s):  
Chenqiang Lin ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Longjun Chen ◽  
Yu Fang ◽  
Jichen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Lymphocyte Transformation ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Humoral And Cellular Immunity ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Group A ◽  
Immunocompromised Mice ◽  
Immune Imbalance

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the Dictyophora echinovolvata spore polysaccharides (DESP) affect the immunity in immunocompromised mice induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX). The healthy female Kunming mice were randomly divided into six groups, including a normal control (NC) group, a positive control group, a model control (MC) group, and three groups treated with low-, intermediate-, and high-dose polysaccharide, respectively. A series of immunoregulatory properties were determined, including humoral and cellular immunity, immune function, and immune factors of mononuclear macrophages. Compared with NC and MC groups, treatment with DESP significantly increased the spleen index and decreased the thymus index; increased the serum concentrations of immunoglobulin (Ig)A, IgG, IgM, hemolysin, IL-1β, and IL-2; delayed the allergic reaction; and improved the splenic lymphocyte transformation ability; and enhanced the phagocytosis of macrophages and the ability to secrete IL-6, TNF-α, caspase-1, and NO with DESP supplementation. These results indicated that DESP might have a good regulatory effect on CTX-induced immunodeficiency in mice, adjust the body’s immune imbalance, and improve the symptoms of low immunity.

scholarly journals T Cells Limit Accumulation of Aggregate Pathology Following Intrastriatal Injection of α-Synuclein Fibrils

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Sonia George ◽  
Trevor Tyson ◽  
Nolwen L. Rey ◽  
Rachael Sheridan ◽  
Wouter Peelaerts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Immune System ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
T And B Cells ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Immunocompromised Mice ◽  
The Impact

Background: α-Synuclein (α-syn) is the predominant protein in Lewy-body inclusions, which are pathological hallmarks of α- synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Other hallmarks include activation of microglia, elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as the activation of T and B cells. These immune changes point towards a dysregulation of both the innate and the adaptive immune system. T cells have been shown to recognize epitopes derived from α-syn and altered populations of T cells have been found in PD and MSA patients, providing evidence that these cells can be key to the pathogenesis of the disease. Objective To study the role of the adaptive immune system with respect to α-syn pathology. Methods: We injected human α-syn preformed fibrils (PFFs) into the striatum of immunocompromised mice (NSG) and assessed accumulation of phosphorylated α-syn pathology, proteinase K-resistant α-syn pathology and microgliosis in the striatum, substantia nigra and frontal cortex. We also assessed the impact of adoptive transfer of naïve T and B cells into PFF-injected immunocompromised mice. Results: Compared to wildtype mice, NSG mice had an 8-fold increase in phosphorylated α-syn pathology in the substantia nigra. Reconstituting the T cell population decreased the accumulation of phosphorylated α-syn pathology and resulted in persistent microgliosis in the striatum when compared to non-transplanted mice. Conclusion: Our work provides evidence that T cells play a role in the pathogenesis of experimental α-synucleinopathy.

scholarly journals sigE facilitates the adaptation of Bordetella bronchiseptica to stress conditions and lethal infection in immunocompromised mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E Barchinger ◽  
Xuqing Zhang ◽  
Sara E Hester ◽  
Maria E Rodriguez ◽  
Eric T Harvill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Bordetella Bronchiseptica ◽  
Lethal Infection ◽  
Immunocompromised Mice

Opportunistic Properties of Nosema algerae (Microspora), a Mosquito Parasite, in Immunocompromised Mice

1997 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS TRAMMER ◽  
FRANK DOMBROWSKI ◽  
MARTINA DOEHRING ◽  
WALTER A. MAIER ◽  
HANNS M. SEITZ
Keyword(s):  
Immunocompromised Mice

Disulfiram attenuates MCMV-Induced pneumonia by inhibition of NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway in immunocompromised mice

2022 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 108453
Author(s):  
Xiaotao Huang ◽  
Ping Sun ◽  
Yuyan Qin ◽  
Xiao-juan Wang ◽  
Mengyi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Immunocompromised Mice

scholarly journals A Potent and Effective SuicidalListeriaVaccine Platform

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Hanson ◽  
Erin L. Benanti ◽  
Edward E. Lemmens ◽  
Weiqun Liu ◽  
Justin Skoble ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Tumor Model ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Vaccine Platform ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Immunocompromised Mice ◽  
Additional Safety

ABSTRACTLive-attenuatedListeria monocytogeneshas shown encouraging potential as an immunotherapy platform in preclinical and clinical settings. However, additional safety measures will enable application across malignant and infectious diseases. Here, we describe a new vaccine platform, termed Lm-RIID (L. monocytogenesrecombinase-induced intracellular death), that induces the deletion of genes required for bacterial viability yet maintains potent T cell responses to encoded antigens. Lm-RIID grows normally in broth but commits suicide inside host cells by inducing Cre recombinase and deleting essential genes flanked byloxPsites, resulting in a self-limiting infection even in immunocompromised mice. Lm-RIID vaccination of mice induces potent CD8+T cells and protects against virulent challenges, similar to liveL. monocytogenesvaccines. When combined with α-PD-1, Lm-RIID is as effective as live-attenuatedL. monocytogenesin a therapeutic tumor model. This impressive efficacy, together with the increased clearance rate, makes Lm-RIID ideal for prophylactic immunization against diseases that require T cells for protection.

scholarly journals Characterizing a Murine Model for Astrovirus Using Viral Isolates from Persistently Infected Immunocompromised Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Cortez ◽  
Bridgett Sharp ◽  
Jiangwei Yao ◽  
Brandi Livingston ◽  
Peter Vogel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Small Animal Model ◽  
Human Astroviruses ◽  
Duration Of Infection ◽  
Human Astrovirus ◽  
Immunocompromised Mice

ABSTRACT Human astroviruses are single-stranded RNA enteric viruses that cause a spectrum of disease ranging from asymptomatic infection to systemic extragastrointestinal spread; however, they are among the least-characterized enteric viruses, and there is a lack of a well-characterized small animal model. Finding that immunocompromised mice were resistant to human astrovirus infection via multiple routes of inoculation, our studies aimed to determine whether murine astrovirus (MuAstV) could be used to model human astrovirus disease. We experimentally infected wild-type mice with MuAstV isolated from immunocompromised mice and found that the virus was detected throughout the gastrointestinal tract, including the stomach, but was not associated with diarrhea. The virus was also detected in the lung. Although virus levels were higher in recently weaned mice, the levels were similar in male and female adult mice. Using two distinct viruses isolated from different immunocompromised mouse strains, we observed virus strain-specific differences in the duration of infection (3 versus 10 weeks) in wild-type mice, indicating that the within-host immune pressure from donor mice shaped the virus kinetics in immunocompetent recipient hosts. Both virus strains elicited minimal pathology and a lack of sustained immunity. In summary, MuAstV represents a useful model for studying asymptomatic human infection and gaining insight into the astrovirus pathogenesis and immunity. IMPORTANCE Astroviruses are widespread in both birds and mammals; however, little is known about the pathogenesis and the immune response to the virus due to the lack of a well-characterized small-animal model. Here we describe two distinct strains of murine astrovirus that cause infections in immunocompetent mice that mirror aspects of asymptomatic human infections, including minimal pathology and short-lived immunity. However, we noted that the duration of infection differed greatly between the strains, highlighting an important facet of these viruses that was not previously appreciated. The ubiquitous nature and diversity of murine astroviruses coupled with the continuous likelihood of reinfection raise the possibility of viral interference with other mouse models of disease.

scholarly journals Engraftment of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia cells in immunocompromised mice supports disease dependency on cytokines

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (14) ◽  
pp. 972-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyan Zhang ◽  
Liang He ◽  
Dorothée Selimoglu-Buet ◽  
Chloe Jego ◽  
Margot Morabito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
Cell Engraftment ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Immunocompromised Mice ◽  
Myelomonocytic Leukemia ◽  
Human Cytokines

Key Points Transgenic mice expressing 3 human cytokines enable expansion of CMML cells with limited stem cell engraftment. The mutational profile of CMML cells that expand in mice mirrors that of patient monocytes.

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