scholarly journals Impact of Different Geographical Locations on Genetic Variation and Phytochemical Constituents of Two Medicinal Marine Algae.

Taeckholmia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Saleh ◽  
Hala Elatroush
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Geographical Locations

scholarly journals AFLP Analysis for Genetic Diversity in Capsicum Annuum and Related Species

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0600100
Author(s):  
Sanjog T. Thul ◽  
Ajit K. Shasany ◽  
Mahendra P. Darokar ◽  
Suman P. S. Khanuja
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Great Degree ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Aflp Analysis ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Average Similarity ◽  
Geographical Locations

Intra- and inter-specific genetic variation analysis was conducted using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) profiling in Capsicum accessions in the germplasms collected from different geographical locations in India. A total of 24 accessions were investigated belonging to six species, namely C. annuum, C. baccatum, C. chinence, C. eximium, C. frutescens and C. luteum. Average similarity within the 15 accessions of C. annuum was highest (100%) between accessions CIMAP/CA45 and CIMAP/CA49 obtained from IISR, Kerala and 43% among the species CIMAP/CC1 and CIMAP/CB2. In this analysis, accessions were clustered more pronouncedly according to their geographical locations than to their taxonomic labels. A great degree of intermixing of present day domesticated chillies is evident from the present study.

scholarly journals Analisis Keragaman Genetik Acremonium yang Berasosiasi dengan Tanaman Gaharu Menggunakan Teknik Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Dewi Rahmawati ◽  
Nurita Toruan-Mathius
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Geographical Locations

<p>Agarwood<br />or gaharu is a plant that has a high economic value in Asia,<br />due to its use for production of incense and traditional<br />medicines. The agarwood formation occurs in the trunk and<br />roots of trees that have been infected by a fungus, such as<br />Acremonium spp. Various fungi were associated with the<br />agarwood formation. Acremonium is generally considered as<br />highly polyphyletic, contains distantly related fungi. A study<br />was done to identify genetic diversities in 10 isolates of<br />Acremonium spp. from four different areas in Indonesia that<br />are associated with Aquilaria and Gyrinops verstigii using the<br />Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique.<br />Eight RAPD primers, i.e., OPA 02, OPB 04, OPB 07, OPB 17,<br />OPC 11, OPD 03, OPD 05, and OPE 07 were used in the<br />analyses. The results indicated that similarity index values of<br />the genetic variation ranged from 0.21 to 0.97. Based on the<br />Nei and Li’s similarity coefficients, these values indicating<br />the presence of high degree of genetic variability. The lowest<br />degree of genetic similarity were found between isolates F<br />(Acremonium spp., which is associated with G. verstigii from<br />Mataram, Nusa Tenggara Barat), and LM2 from south coastal<br />area of West Sumatra. The highest genetic similarity value<br />(0.97) was found between isolates Sr2 and Sr4 from Sorong,<br />Papua. Results from the cluster analysis indicated that the<br />isolates could be grouped into two major clusters that were<br />associated with their geographical locations.</p>

Range-wide patterns of allozyme variation in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii)

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Li ◽  
W. T. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Allozyme Variation ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Transition Zones ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Major Exception ◽  
History Of ◽  
Geographical Locations

Seeds from 104 geographical locations throughout the range of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) were analyzed at 20 enzyme loci to determine patterns of genetic variation and to make phylogenetic inferences. On average, the populations were polymorphic at 37% of the loci (range 5.0–65.0). Mean expected heterozygosity was 0.137 (range 0.021–0.239). Of the total genie diversity (HT = 0.182) observed, 24% was due to differentiation among populations. One Mexican population was genetically distinct from the rest of the species, which suggests the possibility of additional Pseudotsuga species in Mexico. The rest of the populations clustered into two groups corresponding to the recognized coastal and interior varieties. In addition, the interior variety separated into northern and southern subgroups near 44° latitude. Transition zones between the varieties were found to be narrower and more abrupt than has been suggested previously. Populations within the coastal variety and the northern interior subgroup averaged higher expected heterozygosity than the southern interior subgroup, but in the southern interior subgroup, populations were much more highly differentiated. Allozyme variation followed a latitudinal cline in the interior variety, but only weak geographical patterning was observed in the coastal variety. In general, genetic diversity decreased towards the periphery of the species range. Range-wide patterns of allozyme variation were similar to those in terpene studies, with the major exception that the Sierra Nevada seed sources in this study were closely aligned with the coastal variety rather than with the interior variety. Range-wide patterns of genetic variation in Douglas-fir largely reflect the evolutionary history of the species as revealed by paleobotanical studies.

scholarly journals Hidden diversity of double-stranded DNA phages in symbiotic Rhizobium species

2021 ◽  
Vol 377 (1842) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa I. Santamaría ◽  
Patricia Bustos ◽  
Jannick Van Cauwenberghe ◽  
Víctor González
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Gene Loss ◽  
Selective Pressure ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Viral Diversity ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Rhizobium Species ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Geographical Locations

In this study, we addressed the extent of diversification of phages associated with nitrogen-fixing symbiotic Rhizobium species. Despite the ecological and economic importance of the Rhizobium genus, little is known about the diversity of the associated phages. A thorough assessment of viral diversity requires investigating both lytic phages and prophages harboured in diverse Rhizobium genomes. Protein-sharing networks identified 56 viral clusters (VCs) among a set of 425 isolated phages and predicted prophages. The VCs formed by phages had more proteins in common and a higher degree of synteny, and they group together in clades in the associated phylogenetic tree. By contrast, the VCs of prophages showed significant genetic variation and gene loss, with selective pressure on the remaining genes. Some VCs were found in various Rhizobium species and geographical locations, suggesting that they have wide host ranges. Our results indicate that the VCs represent distinct taxonomic units, probably representing taxa equivalent to genera or even species. The finding of previously undescribed phage taxa indicates the need for further exploration of the diversity of phages associated with Rhizobium species. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The secret lives of microbial mobile genetic elements’.

scholarly journals Determine The Genetic Variation of Phenotypic Groups of Quail (Different With Feathers Color ) Using The Chain Polymerase Reaction Technique (PCR)

2021 ◽  
Vol 910 (1) ◽  
pp. 012110
Author(s):  
Majid A. S. Al-Neemy ◽  
Esraa Mohammed Tawfeq ◽  
Haitham Mohammed Sabeeh Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Research Station ◽  
A Value ◽  
Hereditary Variation ◽  
The City ◽  
Geographical Locations

Abstract The main objective of this research was to specify the hereditary variation associated with the plumage color in three local genotypes of Japanese quail which bred in two geographical locations. The birds distributed on six treatments with five birds for each depending on the feather's color and geographical locations. DNA extraction was executed from the blood samples of each treatment and amplified by thermo cycler apparatus and the electrophoresis was done using 1.5% agarose gel for DNA bands exhibiting. Genotype influence has been shown that the black color quail B1 of the agricultural research station in the city of Mosul showed maximum genetic similarity with the Black quail B2 of Tikrit University with a value of 0.9549, the highest genetic similarity between different colors found between B1 and W2 that amounted to 0.9391 based on the similarity index (band sharing). While, the least genetic similarity observed between B2 and W1, which went down to 0.8468. Genetic difference values among studied quail groups showed that the groups B2 and W1 in the higher genetic variation, whereas the least genetic difference found between B1 and B2 groups. The average of dissimilarities for each group with all others varied between the values 0.1203 - 0.0851. The present work prove that the effectiveness of RAPD markers in knowing the similarity and specify the inherited relationship within the quail varieties.

scholarly journals QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF PHYTOCHEMICALS IN SELECTED SEAWEEDS OF MANDAPAM COAST, RAMESWARAM, INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 144-160
Author(s):  
Maria Puspham Grace ◽  
M Rajithra R ◽  
V.Ilakkiya ◽  
Dr.B.Dhanalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Seaweed Extracts ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Turbinaria Conoides ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Area Unit

In the world, seaweeds or marine macro algae area unit is renewable living resources that are used as a several components like food, feed, and fertilizers. They are typically live hooked up to rock or alternative laborious substrata in coastal areas. Turbinaria found in tropical marine waters, which grows on rocky substrates. Turbinaria belongs to the class- Anthozoa, Order-Scleractinia, family-Dendrophylliidae, Genus- Turbinaria. The aim of the present study is the phytochemical analyses were evaluated for the marine algae Turbinaria conoides and Turbinaria ornate from Mandapam coast, Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, India. To cope with the assessment of the chemical composition of assorted marine seaweeds were extracted from different solvents. The current study reveals that the seaweeds contain a high quantity of phytochemical constituents. Besides, the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, coumarins, proteins, carbohydrates, quinones and glycosides from Turbinaria ornata and Turbinaria conoides. This report will lead to the isolation and characterization of these active secondary metabolites for bio-efficacy and bioactivity. Therefore, seaweed extracts possessed higher amount of phytochemicals and which proves that these selected seaweeds will have provide unique and novel metabolites of unprecedented structures, with antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-plasmodial, nematicidal, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-angiogenic activities, these bioactive compounds may provide high-quality drug candidates for pharmaceutical applications, as well as agricultural and industrial applications. KEYWORDS: Turbinaria, Coumarins, Seaweeds, Phytochemicals and Turbinaria conodies

Morphological and genetic variation of Wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae in carriers in Thailand, Lao PDR and Myanmar: evaluation using Giemsa-stained thick blood films

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jongthawin ◽  
P.M. Intapan ◽  
T. Thanchomnang ◽  
L. Sadaow ◽  
S. Laymanivong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Geographical Variation ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Wuchereria Bancrofti ◽  
Nerve Ring ◽  
Body Width ◽  
Space Length ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Morphology And Morphometry ◽  
Geographical Locations

Abstract There is geographical variation in the morphology and genetics of Wuchereria bancrofti, the major cause of human lymphatic filariasis. This study aims to compare morphological and genetic variation of W. bancrofti microfilariae recovered from carriers in Lao PDR, Myanmar and Thailand. Six morphological parameters (body length, cephalic space length and width, length of head to nerve ring, body width at nerve ring, Innenkȍrper length and number of column nuclei between the cephalic space and nerve ring) were evaluated from microfilariae in Giemsa-stained thick blood films. A portion of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene of mitochondrial DNA was sequenced and analysed. Wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae showed a wide variation in their morphology and morphometry among three countries. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that all microfilariae belonged to W. bancrofti. Higher mutation frequencies were observed in samples from Myanmar, relative to Thailand and Lao PDR. This study highlights the morphological disparities of microfilariae and genetic variability within W. bancrofti among three geographical locations. We found that reported morphometric differences between localities were less clear-cut than previously thought. Further studies are needed to determine the microfilarial periodicity in Lao PDR.

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