scholarly journals Only ‘Time’ will ‘Tell’: Influence of temporality on the interpretation of narrative discourses

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Debmalya Biswas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Systematic Exploration ◽  
Complex Organic

The notion of language has been broadly understood in different ways with respect to existing literatures revolving around form, meaning, sound & context. Although overtly these understandings do try to integrate with the functionality of a complex organic system, they glaringly lack reference to the basis for its realization, i.e., time. Approaches to problematize the understanding of language have overlooked the issue of time. Temporality introduces a distinct fuzziness in qualitative and abstract expressions beyond just the action or the state. It is also evident in the context of names in a diachronic sense. A systematic exploration of this gap can lead us to a time-oriented understanding of the faculty of language.

scholarly journals Vulnerable childhood, vulnerable adulthood: Direct provision as aftercare for aged-out separated children seeking asylum in Ireland

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muireann Ní Raghallaigh ◽  
Liam Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Foster Care ◽  
Young People ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
The State ◽  
Migrant Status ◽  
After Care ◽  
Systematic Exploration ◽  
Care Leavers ◽  
Discretionary Powers

Ireland’s approach to after-care for ‘aged-out’ separated children is problematic. Currently, upon reaching the age of 18, most separated young people are moved to ‘direct provision’, despite the fact that the state can use discretionary powers to allow them to remain in foster care. Direct provision is the system Ireland adopts providing bed and board to asylum seekers, along with a weekly monetary payment. Separated young people in Ireland are in a vulnerable position after ageing out. Entry into the direct provision system, from a legal and social work perspective, is concerning. Utilising direct provision as a ‘form of aftercare’ emphasises governmental policy preferences that privilege the migrant status of aged-out separated children, as opposed to viewing this group as young people leaving care. In this article, utilising a cross-disciplinary approach, we provide the first systematic exploration of the system of aftercare for aged-out separated children in Ireland. In doing so, we posit two core reasons for why the aftercare system for aged-out separated children has developed as it has. First, doing so ensures that the state is consistent with its approach to asylum seekers more generally, in that it seeks to deter persons from claiming asylum in Ireland through utilisation of the direct provision system. Second, while the vulnerability of aged-out separated children is well-documented, the state (and others) ignore this vulnerability and are reluctant to offer additional aftercare supports beyond direct provision. This is due, we argue, to viewing aged-out separated children as having a lesser entitlement to rights than other care leavers, solely based on their migrant status.

Functional Analysis and the Species Design

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Neander
Keyword(s):  
Mental Content ◽  
Functional Explanation ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Etiological Theory ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Human Immune ◽  
Proper Functions ◽  
Complex Organic

Chapter 3 is about functional explanation in biology, rather than directly about mental content, but in this chapter the author defends a controversial premise of the methodological argument for teleosemantics (given in chapter 4). The premise is that physiologists and neurophysiologists ascribe normal-proper functions in explaining how bodies and brains operate for significant scientific reasons. How an organic system operates in the here and now depends on the actual causal contributions its components make in the here and now, and yet biologists also describe the normal-proper functions of components when explaining how (and not just why) complex organic systems operate or function the way they do. Central to the biologists’ task is describing systems that are functioning normally or properly (e.g., normal human visual systems, or normal human immune systems). The author explains how this role of a malfunction-permitting notion of function (sometimes called a “normative” notion) is consistent with the etiological theory of functions, but the aim here is not to establish the truth of the etiological theory of functions (which is defended in other works).

Review of Hill (2019): The Historical Phonology of Tibetan, Burmese, and Chinese

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-311
Author(s):  
Giorgio (Georg) Orlandi
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
General Introduction ◽  
Historical Phonology ◽  
Shared History ◽  
Systematic Exploration ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

Abstract The book under review serves as a significant contribution to the field of Trans-Himalayan linguistics. Designed as a vade mecum for readers with little linguistic background in these three languages, Nathan W. Hill’s work attempts, on the one hand, a systematic exploration of the shared history of Burmese, Tibetan and Chinese, and, on the other, a general introduction to the reader interested in obtaining an overall understanding of the state of the art of the historical phonology of these three languages. Whilst it is acknowledged that the book in question has the potential to be a solid contribution to the field, it is also felt that few minor issues can be also addressed.

scholarly journals Woody medicinal plants of the caatinga in the state of Pernambuco (Northeast Brazil)

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Oliveira da Silva ◽  
Ulysses Paulino de Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
The State ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Systematic Exploration ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Medicinal Flora

Floristic and phytosociological studies undertaken in six areas of the state of Pernambuco were selected with the aim of analyzing the Relative Importance of the woody medicinal plant species of Pernambuco's caatinga from an ethnobotanical perspective. For the data analysis, only those identified up to the species level were selected and information on medicinal properties was obtained for each one from the literature. The Relative Importance was calculated for each species. From the 57 woody species, 22 had therapeutic indications; from these, Anacardium occidentale L., Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart. ex DC) Standley, Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl., and Myracrodruon urundeuva (Engl.) Fr. All. had the greatest values of Relative Importance. The correlation analysis made clear that the Relative Importance of the species is negatively correlated with the Density and Relative Frequency (p<0.05). The most important species, in the ethnobotanical point view, are the most vulnerable, possible due to the systematic exploration they have been suffering. Schinopsis brasiliensis and Myracrodruon urundeuva are listed as endangered species and deserve special attention in the development of techniques of sustainable management, where both economic return and species conservation must be guaranteed. In depth studies that take into consideration each region's characteristics are necessary both from a floristic perspective and considering medicinal aspects, since each area seems to have its own woody medicinal flora, as suggested in the cluster analysis.

scholarly journals A PRODUÇÃO DE UVA ORGÂNICA NA SERRA GAÚCHA: O CASO DOS AGRICULTORES ORGÂNICOS DE COTIPORÃ/RS / THE PRODUCTION OF ORGANIC GRAPE IN THE SERRA GAUCHA: THE CASE OF THE ORGANIC AGRICULTURISTS OF COTIPORÃ/RS

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Vinício Luís Pierozan
Keyword(s):  
Local Authority ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Field Application ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Semistructured Interviews

A viticultura é um cultivo perene bastante presente no estado do Rio Grande do Sul e tem a Serra Gaúcha como o principal polo vitícola do país, tendo sua produção atrelada a colonização italiana, que deu início ao povoamento do território. A maior parte da produção é realizada no sistema convencional, todavia a região serrana também vem se destacando atualmente pela viticultura orgânica. A uva já é a fruta mais cultivada no sistema orgânico no estado do Rio Grande do Sul e tem a sua base centrada na agricultura familiar e na pequena propriedade rural. Neste artigo é discutido a formação do território da viticultura orgânica no município de Cotiporã pertencente a Serra Gaúcha, um dos municípios de maior produção de uva no estado e que tem na viticultura a principal atividade agrícola. Para cumprir com os objetivos propostos a pesquisa foi embasada em diferentes etapas: coleta de dados e informações em fontes primárias e secundárias, revisão de referencial teórico sobre o tema, trabalho de campo, aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas e análise dos dados coletados. Concluiu-se que a viticultura orgânica está em expansão no município, os viticultores buscam no sistema orgânico melhor qualidade de vida, preservação ambiental e rentabilidade financeira.Palavras-chave: Viticultura Orgânica; Preservação Ambiental; Cotiporã.  ABSTRACTThe viticulture is a quite present everlasting cultivation in the state of Rio Grande do Sul and it takes the Serra Gaúcha as the main viticultural pole of the country, having his production harnessed the Italian colonization, which gave beginning to the settlement of the territory. Most of the production are carried out in the conventional system, however the mountain region also comes standing out at present for the organic viticulture. The grape is already the fruit most cultivated in the organic system in the state of Rio Grande do Sul and it has his base centered in the familiar agriculture and in the small rural property. In this article it is discussed the formation of the territory of the organic viticulture the local authority of Cotiporã pertaining to Serra Gaúcha, one of the local authorities of bigger production of grape in the state and what has in the viticulture the main agricultural activity. To be necessary with the objectives proposed the inquiry it was supported in different stages: collection of data and informations in primary and secondary fountains, revision of theoretical referential system on the subject, work of field, application of semistructured interviews and analysis of the collected data. It was ended that the organic viticulture is in expansion in the local authority, the vinedressers look in the best organic system for quality of life, environmental preservation and financial profitability.Keywords: Organic Viticulture; Environmental Preservation; Cotiporã. 

scholarly journals Cattle and Sheep Diseases Diagnosed in the State of Tocantins - Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Correia Oliveira ◽  
Adriano Tony Ramos ◽  
Isabelle Magalhães Cunha ◽  
Guilherme Sousa Nunes ◽  
Marina Galindo Chenard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
The State ◽  
Hereditary Diseases ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Foot Injury ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

Background: Knowing the different diseases that affect the herds of a region is a fundamental necessity, because sanity is one of the main factors limiting animal production. Several studies have reported the diseases affecting the animals of various regions of Brazil; however, no such study was carried out in the state of Tocantins so far. Thus, the objective of this work is to report the main diseases diagnosed in cattle and sheep in the central and northern regions of the state of Tocantins, between January 2011 and December 2015.Materials, Methods & Results: The records and reports of the cattle and sheep treated by the clinicians and pathologists of the Ruminants Medical Clinic (SCMR) of the University Veterinary Hospital (HVU), School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootecnia (EMVZ), University Federal of Tocantins (UFT) during the study period were evaluated. The cases were classified into two categories, conclusive and inconclusive; the cases with conclusive diagnosis were classified according to the etiology and the organic systems involved. In the period of five years, 697 cattle and sheep were treated in the SCMR. The diagnoses were made using epidemiological, clinical, and pathological data, and in some cases, using complementary tests. Among the 697 cases reviewed, 692 (99.2%) and 5 (0.8%) cases were diagnosed conclusively and inconclusively, respectively. The most affected system was the digestive system, which accounted for 260 (37.6%) cases; this was followed by the locomotor 130 (18.8%) cases, nervous 56 (8.1%) cases, reproductive 57 (8.2%) cases, urinary 50 (7.2%) cases, skin 16 (2.3%) cases, muscular 11 (2%) cases, respiratory 34 (4,9%) cases, hemolymphopoietic 28 (3,5%) cases, endocrine 24 (3.5%) cases, sense organs 22 (3,2%) cases, and cardiovascular 4 (0.6%) cases. A total of 220 (31.6%) parasitic, 202 (29%) infectious, 106 (15.2%) toxic, 96 (13.8%) nutritional, 52 (7.5%) by physical agents, and 6 (0.8%) congenital/hereditary diseases were identified. Diseases of neoplastic, metabolic, and inconclusive nature represented 15 (2.1%) cases. Discussion: In this study, the most affected organic system was the digestive system. The disturbances of the digestive system in production animals are reported to comprise a group of important diseases, and they are responsible for large economic losses. Parasitic, infectious, and toxic diseases were more frequently diagnosed, a result similar to those of other studies carried out in Brazil. Haemonchosis was the most frequently occurring parasitic disease and occurrence in sheep. The characteristic clinical signs such as submandibular edema and pallor of the mucosa/carcass and the visualization of the abomasal mucosa in adult specimens on necropsy enabled the diagnosis of this disease. The foot injury were the most frequent disease among the others of the infectious order and affected the sheep. Such lesions are characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the skin of the digits, in which numerous bacteria are isolated. The most frequent toxic disorder was botulism in cattle. A prominent source is osteophatic habit, which is associated with phosphorus deficiency. It is known that the etiologic agent can remain viable for up to one year within the fragments of bones and the tissues of dead animals. This a result similar to those of other studies carried out in Brazil. In this work, for the first time, the identification of the main diseases affecting the cattle and sheep of the central and northern regions of the State of Tocantins was carried out, facilitating the establishment of measures for the prevention, treatment, and control of these diseases.

scholarly journals MECHANISM OF SOIL REPRODUCTION AND PRESERVATION IN THE SYSTEM OF ORGANIC FARMING

2020 ◽  
pp. 184-197
Author(s):  
Oleksii Alieksieiev
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
The State ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Organic System

The problem of monitoring the condition of soils in Ukraine is not given due attention. This applies to the scientific field, where due to insufficient funding, full-fledged research is not conducted on the distribution, causes and ways to eliminate degradation. The same applies to the legislature and the executive, where no effective control measures have been developed. In general, the society does not create an atmosphere of maximum assistance for the preservation of soil cover as an indispensable national heritage. The media and educational institutions are indifferent to this problem. That is why these issues need immediate solution, namely, the development of an effective mechanism for reproduction and conservation of soils, taking into account the organic system of agriculture, which in recent years has attracted considerable interest not only scientists but also practitioners. The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence of the system of organic farming in terms of ensuring balanced land use. The materials of the article are based on the study of the positive impact of organic agriculture on the reproduction and preservation of soils. The research methodology was based on a systematic approach and a dialectical method of understanding the organic principles of land use in agricultural production, taking into account retrospective analysis, monographic method, methods of synthesis and analysis. The essence of the system of organic farming from the point of view of ensuring balanced land use is revealed. The dynamics of land distribution in Ukraine by land for 2010-2017, which is characterized by an extremely high rate of agricultural development, which is significantly exceeds the ecologically reasonable limits are shown as well as the distribution of soil areas of Ukraine by humus content. The most important resource for soil humus reproduction remains organic fertilizers, plant residues, by-products, green manures, etc., the application of which has a positive effect on the agrochemical, physical and water-air properties of soils. The structure of mineral and organic fertilizers application in 1990-2018 is given. The main problems of agricultural land use are highlighted. Under modern conditions of agricultural production and existing land use systems, it is impossible to achieve even a simple reproduction of soil fertility without significant improvement of mechanisms for controlling their use by the state, and also the introduction of more effective, mostly economic, mechanisms to support soil protection measures. International experience shows that new information technologies, in addition to traditional research methods, will provide effective control of land use and soil protection at different spatial levels, from the state to a specific field. The mechanism of preservation and reproduction of soil fertility in the system of organic agriculture is proposed for use by agricultural commodity producers, which includes a set of measures aimed at restoring stocks of organic substances and improving agrophysical properties of soil. No less important is the state support in solving problematic issues, it is recommended to supplement the developed mechanism with such components as: legal, scientific and technical, economic, financial, scientific and educational supports. Organic agriculture through balanced land use increases the reliability and sustainability of modern agricultural systems. All the proposed methods and techniques of organic farming improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, namely: - increase nutrient reserves; - improve absorption capacity, moisture capacity and moisture permeability; - enriched with microflora; - improve the biological activity and physical state of the soil. Key words: organic cropping, soil, plowlands, structure of sown areas, reproduction and preservation of soils, organic agriculture.

CONCEPTUAL CATEGORIES OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN LINGUISTIC RESEARCHES: GERMAN AND UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE CONTEXTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (29) ◽  
pp. 51-65
Author(s):  
Svitlana Hrushko ◽  
Nataliya Chernenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Conceptual Basis ◽  
Problem Structure ◽  
Organic System ◽  
First Case ◽  
Linguistic Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Complex Organic

The article discusses the uniqueness of the conceptual categories of human behavior in linguistics’ functioning. Attention is focused on German and Ukrainian concepts in the context of their functioning in the language. The method of comparative analysis is used. Attention is drawn to the fact that, unlike the Ukrainian language, where the concepts “purpose” and (Ukrainian – “meta”) are used as synonyms, the definitions "weck” and "ziel” are distinguished in German. In the first case, “zweck” is an individual goal, already developed collectively, and the entire process of activity that leads to the achievement of the goal is fixed in the model. Secondly – “ziel” – is the concept of goal, associated with individual activities. This fact is explained by the historical and psycholinguistic features of the Germans. The connection of linguistics and psycholinguistics in this area is undeniable. The language, thinking and behavior of people are psychologically determined by linguistic phenomena that affect the formation of linguistic consciousness of human activity as a linguistic personality with its national originality of linguistic behavior. The solution of these issues in the context of the latest achievements of psychological and linguistic science and in accordance with modern methodological requirements makes up the conceptual basis, the problem structure, the content of scientific research on the problem of conceptual categories of human behavior. A goal is a key concept in concepts that describe any complex organic system or human behavior (primarily in understanding its purpose). It is characterized by a “concept of state” that a person or system strives for and for which it exists. This phenomenon is actively investigated by domestic and foreign scientists.

Status of Digital Human Body Modeling From the Aspect of Information Inclusion

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imre Horva´th ◽  
Bing Zhang ◽  
Niels C. C. Moes ◽  
Johan Molenbroek
Keyword(s):  
Information Content ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Human Body Modeling ◽  
Current State ◽  
Human Body Models ◽  
Digital Human ◽  
Complex Organic

This paper surveys the current state of art of digital human body modeling with a focus on information inclusion and analyzes the results from the aspects of design and engineering. It presents the results of a literature study, which intended to investigate the modeling approaches within the mentioned categories, and to investigate the fidelity of models based on the information content. In view of the fact that modeling is always a simplified representation of reality, models with different information contents are developed for different applications. It is also discussed in this paper that the information content of human body models however reflects not only the aspect of application, but also the level of fidelity, or functional sophistication. Taking into consideration the sorts of information needed to model human body as a complex organic system, the authors propose an information content-based categorization. The major categories of aspect models of human body that have been incorporated in a stratified reasoning scheme are: morphological, material, structural, mechanical, physiological and behavioral models. One conclusion is that remarkable progress has been achieved in terms of sophistication of models (i.e., of information inclusion and processing methods). Another conclusion is that further increase of the fidelity of models will not be possible without the proper treatment of the concomitant complexities. Integration of various aspect models and real time computational processing of human models are inevitable in several fields of application. However, development of human body models of such a high sophistication goes together with an exponential growth in the required capacities. This leads us to a trade-off problem in digital human body modeling.

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