The Ionic Composition of Lakes Fed by Ground Water and Precipitation in the Upper Romerike District

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dag Hongve
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Ionic Concentration ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Ionic Ratio ◽  
Percentage Composition ◽  
Monovalent Ions ◽  
Average Precipitation ◽  
Total Concentrations ◽  
Total Ionic Concentration

In the Upper Romerike District the lakes possess widely different chemical characteristics depending on their hydrological conditions. The most dilute lakes are fed only by precipitation, and the more concentrated ones by ground water. In the precipitation fed lakes the total ionic concentration was similar to that of the average precipitation, but the ionic ratio was different. Ionic sorption and exchange affected mostly calcium which decreased in concentration while the monovalent ions increased. The ground water fed lakes were dominated by bicarbonate, and their ionic proportions were constant regardless of total concentrations. The percentage composition was: Ca: 82%, Mg: 10.1%, Na: 6.5%, K: 1.4%, HCO3: 78.3%, S04: 17.1%, Cl: 4.6%.

Ostracodes as Hydrologic Indicators in Springs, Streams and Wetlands: A Tool for Environmental and Paleoenvironmental Assessment

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 203-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison J. Smith ◽  
Jesse W. Davis ◽  
Donald F. Palmer ◽  
Richard M. Forester ◽  
B. Brandon Curry
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Composition ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ionic Concentration ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Large Database ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Hydrologic Indicators ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Total Ionic Concentration

Although the majority of publications on extant nonmarine ostracode species in North America are concerned with lacustrine settings, many species that are potentially valuable as indicators of water quality changes live in non-lacustrine settings. Ostracode distributions in 157 springs, wetlands and streams in the United States are examined here in order to assess 1) species richness, 2) association with physical and chemical parameters of their habitats and 3) the presence of potentially useful biomonitors and environmental sentinels. The 157 non-lacustrine sites are a subset of a large database (North American Non-marine Ostracode Database: NANODe version 1) consisting of 611 mostly lacustrine sites with ostracode species, presence-absence data, hydrochemistry and climate data (Forester et al., in review). Of the 89 species represented in NANODe version 1, 51 species are found in springs, 59 species are found in wetlands and only 15 species are found in streams. Many species are found in at least two of these habitats and some in all three. Principal Components Analysis of these 157 sites indicates that 71% of the variance is explained by salinity (total ionic concentration), alkalinity and temperature, a result consistent with previously published analyses of natural water. Cluster analysis shows that spring species are most strongly tied to temperature, whereas wetlands and streams are most strongly tied to ionic composition. Three species are found to be potentially valuable biomonitors: Cavernocypris wardi in springs, Fabaeformiscandona rawsoni in wetlands and Physocypria globula in streams.

Concentration of MgSO4 in the intestinal lumen of Opsanus beta limits osmoregulation in response to acute hypersalinity stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 300 (4) ◽  
pp. R895-R909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Genz ◽  
M. Danielle McDonald ◽  
Martin Grosell
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Ambient Seawater ◽  
Opsanus Beta ◽  
Monovalent Ions ◽  
Ureteral Catheters ◽  
Tidal Pools

Marine teleosts constantly lose water to their surrounding environment, a problem exacerbated in fish exposed to salinity higher than normal seawater. Some fish undergo hypersaline exposures in their natural environments, such as short- and long-term increases in salinity occurring in small tidal pools and other isolated basins, lakes, or entire estuaries. Regardless of the degree of hypersalinity in the ambient water, intestinal absorption of monovalent ions drives water uptake to compensate for water loss, concentrating impermeable MgSO4 in the lumen. This study considers the potential of luminal [MgSO4] to limit intestinal water absorption, and therefore osmoregulation, in hypersalinity. The overall tolerance and physiological response of toadfish ( Opsanus beta) to hypersalinity exposure were examined. In vivo, fish in hypersaline waters containing artificially low [MgSO4] displayed significantly lower osmolality in both plasma and intestinal fluids, and increased survival at 85 parts per thousand, indicating improved osmoregulatory ability than in fish exposed to hypersalinity with ionic ratios similar to naturally occurring ratios. Intestinal sac preparations revealed that in addition to the osmotic pressure difference across the epithelium, the luminal ionic composition influenced the absorption of Na+, Cl−, and water. Hypersalinity exposure increased urine flow rates in fish fitted with ureteral catheters regardless of ionic composition of the ambient seawater, but it had no effect on urine osmolality or pH. Overall, concentrated MgSO4 within the intestinal lumen, rather than renal or branchial factors, is the primary limitation for osmoregulation by toadfish in hypersaline environments.

scholarly journals Chemical Characteristics of Ground Water for Hydroponics and Waste Nutrient Solution after Hydroponics in Chungbuk Area

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyeong-Ja Lee ◽  
Bo-Goo Kang ◽  
Ki-Yeol Lee ◽  
Tae Yun ◽  
Seong-Gyu Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Chemical Characteristics

Studies of the Hydrobiology of a Tropical Lake in North-western Queensland. I. Seasonal Changes in Chemical Characteristics

1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 579 ◽  
Author(s):  
TP Farrell ◽  
CM Finlayson ◽  
DJ Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Artificial Lake ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Major Nutrients ◽  
Lake Waters ◽  
North Western

The chemical characteristics of the water of Lake Moondarra, an artificial lake in tropical north-western Queensland, are described. Changes in ionic composition, and in the concentrations of major nutrients and heavy metals, were monitored over a 12 month sampling period. Seasonal variations within the lake were strongly influenced by climatic conditions, principally rainfall which affects run-off and dilution by way of the intermittently flowing river and creeks. The results show that, in spite of the considerable input of nutrients, their concentration in the lake waters remains consistently low. The heavy metal concentrations in the lake water are also well below the limits regarded as acceptable for drinking water.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of dominant ions in the groundwater in Banyumudal Groundwater Basin, Central Java, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Setyawan Purnama
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Ionic Concentration ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Groundwater Basin ◽  
Stiff Diagram

Groundwater basin is an area with hydrogeological limits where it is happened all of hydrogeological processes. Banyumudal Groundwater Basin is one of groundwater basin with unique characteristic because of receiving water source from surroundings area, that would influence probably to the water quality. This study was conducted to: (1) know the spatial distribution of dominant ions concentration in the groundwater; (2) analyze surroundings factors that influence the spatial distribution of dominant ions in the groundwater. To realize the objectives, it was carried out the removal of groundwater samples in the observational wells that were determined by purposive sampling. The analyzed elements were Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, SO42-, HCO3-, CO32-, Cl- and Fe2+ . The concentration of the dominant ions was realized in the form of Stiff Diagram and then was plotted in a map, so that it could be known the distribution. To analyze the process of mixing between the groundwater and water from the other sources with different chemical characteristics, it used the Piper Diagram, whereas to analyze the surroundings effects to the ionic concentration, it was conducted the analysis of quantitative descriptive. The study results showed that the groundwater from the northern part of Banyumudal Groundwater Basin has higher concentration of dominant ions compared with the southern ones. Viewed from each ion, the ionic concentration of Ca2+ and HCO3- are higher than other dominant ions and have more varied values, so that the change of chemical characteristics of the groundwater would tend to be determined by the concentration change of them. Type of rocks is the most influencing factor to the concentration of dominant ions in the study area. Nevertheless, the domestic waste has also little effects related to the sanitary condition in around of samples location of the groundwater.

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