scholarly journals Well water quality in rural Nicaragua using a low-cost bacterial test and microbial source tracking

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Weiss ◽  
Tiong Gim Aw ◽  
Gerald R. Urquhart ◽  
Miguel Ruiz Galeano ◽  
Joan B. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Source Tracking ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Water Wells ◽  
Compartment Bag Test ◽  
Rope Pump ◽  
Viable Method

Water-related diseases, particularly diarrhea, are major contributors to morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Monitoring water quality on a global scale is crucial to making progress in terms of population health. Traditional analytical methods are difficult to use in many regions of the world in low-resource settings that face severe water quality issues due to the inaccessibility of laboratories. This study aimed to evaluate a new low-cost method (the compartment bag test (CBT)) in rural Nicaragua. The CBT was used to quantify the presence of Escherichia coli in drinking water wells and aimed to determine the source(s) of any microbial contamination. Results indicate that the CBT is a viable method for use in remote rural regions. The overall quality of well water in Pueblo Nuevo, Nicaragua was deemed unsafe, and results led to the conclusion that animal fecal wastes may be one of the leading causes of well contamination. Elevation and depth of wells were not found to impact overall water quality. However rope-pump wells had a 64.1% reduction in contamination when compared with simple wells.

scholarly journals Description of Escherichia Coli In Well Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Febry Risdhityatama Fahrurriza ◽  
Surati Surati
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Water Wells ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria

Most of the wells are still used as a source of drinking water. This well is widely used in the village of Rejosari Grobogan. Regulation of the Minister of Health No. 492 of 2010 concerning the Requirements for Quality of Drinking Water is 0 per 100 ml of sample. The existence of Escherichia coli in water sources affects water quality which has an impact on consumer health, so it is necessary to know whether the quality of water sources from dug wells meets drinking water standards. To find out whether Escherichia coli bacteria were present in the well water of Rejosari Grobogan Village. The research conducted included a type of quantitative research with a descriptive design. The sample used was 11 samples. The results of the examination showed that there was an Escherichia coli bacterium in the well water of Rejosari Grobogan Village with an average number of bacteria 1.8 per 100 ml of sample. Research on samples was carried out using the Most methodProbable Number (MPN). Rejosari Grobogan village water wells were found to contain Escherichia coli bacteria and not meet water quality standards in accordance with Minister of Health Regulation No. 32 of 2017.

scholarly journals Analysis Quality of Water River and Quality of Well Water in The Surrounding of Rejo Agung Baru Sugar Factory Madiun

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanti Oktavia Ningrum
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Sugar Factory ◽  
Quality Of Water

The quality of wastewater sugar factory produced will affect the environmental health quality around the factory. The study aimed to analyze the quality of water river and the quality of wells around the Rejo Agung Baru sugar factory in the Madiun. This study is an descriptive observational. The samples comprised of 5 sampels of water rivers and 7 samples of well water. The results of the study at the quality of water river showed that there are parameters (BOD5 and temperature) unqualified with the quality standards based on the East Java Regional Regulation No. 2 of 2008 about Water Quality Management and Water Pollution Control in the East Java, the quality of water river is also affected by the waste water, trash, agricultural waste, and other pollutants. The result of measuring the quality of water well showed that there are parameters (organic substance) unqualified with quality standards based on Permenkes No: 416/Menkes/PER/ IX/1990 about the Terms and Water Quality Monitoring, the quality of Well water is also affected by the quality of water river, a distance of toilet, domestic wastewater and other pollutants. The quality of water river and the quality of well water have decreased that required supervision on the quality of a river water and the quality of water of a well.

Bacterial Source Tracking of Nonpoint Source Pollution Using GIS and DNA Fingerprinting Technologies

2011 ◽  
pp. 208-223
Author(s):  
M. E. Folkoff ◽  
E. A. Venso ◽  
D. W. Harris ◽  
M. F. Frana ◽  
M. S. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Source Tracking ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Bacterial Source Tracking

This study is only the second to use DNA fingerprinting technology in Maryland to identify fecal coliform sources in order to guide the implementation of water pollution control practices in a watershed with bacterial impairment. By combining the use of digital air photos and GPS with GIS, fieldwork is planned and conducted more efficiently because sample sites can be selected that accurately represent the physical environment of the study area. We can also return to the field and find our sample sites or locate new ones, even in the remotest part of the study area. It is also possible to more accurately map the data directly in the context of its physical environment, greatly increasing the quality of analysis. The integration of DNA fingerprinting techniques with GIS shows great promise for extending our capabilities to identify the controls on water quality and point sources of waterborne health hazards.

scholarly journals A Low-Cost Water Quality Monitoring System for the Ayeyarwady River in Myanmar Using a Participatory Approach

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanda Thatoe Nwe Win ◽  
Thom Bogaard ◽  
Nick van de Giesen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Lower Accuracy

Newly developed mobile phone applications in combination with citizen science are used in different fields of research, such as public health monitoring, environmental monitoring, precipitation monitoring, noise pollution measurement and mapping, earth observation. In this paper, we present a low-cost water quality mobile phone measurement technique combined with sensor and test strips, and reported the weekly-collected data of three years of the Ayeyarwady River system by volunteers at seven locations and compared these results with the measurements collected by the lab technicians. We assessed the quality of the collected data and their reliability based on several indicators, such as data accuracy, consistency, and completeness. In this study, six local governmental staffs and one middle school teacher collected baseline water quality data with high temporal and spatial resolution. The quality of the data collected by volunteers was comparable to the data of the experienced lab technicians for sensor-based measurement of electrical conductivity and transparency. However, the lower accuracy (higher uncertainty range) of the indicator strips made them less useful in the Ayeyarwady with its relatively small water quality variations. We showed that participatory water quality monitoring in Myanmar can be a serious alternative for a more classical water sampling and lab analysis-based monitoring network, particularly as it results in much higher spatial and temporal resolution of water quality information against the very modest investment and running costs. This approach can help solving the invisible water crisis of unknown water quality (changes) in river and lake systems all over the world.

scholarly journals STUDI KUALITAS AIR TANAH DANGKAL DAN PENDAPAT MASYARAKAT SEKITAR TEMPAT PEMROSESAN AKHIR SAMPAH SUWUNG KECAMATAN DENPASAR SELATAN, KOTA DENPASAR

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
I. W. Agus Eka Subrata Jaya ◽  
I Wayan Suarna ◽  
I Wayan Redi Aryanta
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Water Pollution Index ◽  
The Public ◽  
Water Wells ◽  
Dug Wells

Research has been conducted to determine the quality of shallow groundwater (dug-wells and shallow bore-wells) and the local communities opinions around the landfill Suwung. The method of determining the station was done by purposive sampling, where the station sampling was determined by selecting a place which was expected to represent the whole area.Water sampling of dug-wells was conducted by using a water sampler and the shallow bore-wells using a 2-liter bottle. Data was analyzed by descriptive comparative referenceto class I water quality of the Bali Governor Regulation No.8 of 2007. The public opinion data was obtained by using aquesioner filled by respondents who have and use wells and shallow bore wells for their daily needsand it was analyzed by using frequency distribution tables.The results showed that the quality of shallow groundwater (dug-wells and shallow bore-wells) did not meet water quality standards in accordance with the rules of the class defined in the Governor of Bali Regulation No. 8 of 2007. The water pollution index (PI) of dug-wells at a distance of 1-400 meters was in hearily polluted category, while water fromshallow bore-wells drilled at a distance of 1-200 meters was in the category of hearily polluted and at a distance of 201-400 meters was in the category of medium polluted.There was an increasing range of groundwater quality deterioration in 1997, 2008 and 2014. In 1997, contaminated shallow groundwater has occured at a distance of 80 meters, while in 2008, the pollution has occurred up to a distance of 375 meters and in the year of 2014 the contamination occurred from a distance of 1 meter to 400 meters. The average of score Pollution Index (PI) of Water wells in the year of 2008 amounted to 14.55, while in 2014 up to 15.44. It is estimated that the water quality of dug-wells and bore-wells will meet the quality standards in accordance with the value of the pollution index at a distance of over 5000 meters and 750 meters of the Suwung landfill waste.Most of the respondents who live in the vicinity Suwung landfill waste tend to give an opinion that the shallow groundwater (dug-wells and shallow bore-wells) has decreased quality as drinking water. Approximately 75% of respondents thought that the well water in their environment has been reduced in quality.

MColiPAT kit for early detection of coliforms in water

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 871-877
Author(s):  
Ashish Tambi ◽  
Urmila Brighu ◽  
A. B. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Microbial Quality ◽  
Trained Personnel ◽  
Microbiological Water Quality ◽  
Rapid Tests

Abstract Determining the microbial quality of drinking water by assessing the presence/absence (P/A) or enumeration of indicator bacteria continues to be widely practiced worldwide. However, rapid tests are required for microbiological water quality assessment so that the information is available in the shortest possible time for initiating a timely intervention. Traditional methods for the enumeration of indicator bacteria are not only expensive but also need trained personnel. We have developed a low-cost kit, MColiPAT, and have validated its application for detection of coliforms in drinking water using the IDEXX Colilert-18 Quanti tray method. MColiPAT kit medium was able to detect coliforms down to a level of 3.1 MPN/100 ml within 10.5 hours. The sensitivity and specificity of the kit were 95.45% and 100% respectively. MColiPAT is found to be reliable and accurate for the detection of coliforms in drinking water.

scholarly journals Microbiological assessment of ambient waters and proposed water sources for restoration of a Florida wetland

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Q. Betancourt ◽  
J. B. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Microbial Risk ◽  
Water Wells ◽  
Ambient Concentration ◽  
Pathogen Occurrence ◽  
Potential Public Health

This study evaluated the microbial quality of reclaimed and storm water as proposed sources for restoration of a Florida wetland. Bacterial indicators, bacteriophages and waterborne pathogenic microorganisms (Cryptosporidium, Giardia and infectious enteric viruses) were analysed during a 1-year period in order to determine potential public health risks associated with exposure to the proposed water sources for restoration. Ambient waters within the wetland (four active water wells and four major lakes) were included in the study in order to determine the microbial water quality before restoration. Storm water and lakes had the highest level of microbial contamination. Much lower levels of microbial indicators and waterborne pathogens were found in reclaimed water and groundwater. Pathogen occurrence in groundwater was intermittent. Owing to the small percentage of source waters (3.3%) migrating to the water wells, ambient concentration of microbial constituents in surface and groundwater could dominate microbial risk. The results of this study indicate that, in the light of the uncertainties involved in computing average Cryptosporidium concentrations, additional characterization of the current ambient water quality should be ongoing prior to restoration.

scholarly journals Study Of Spatial Effect Distribution Of Groundwater Quality On Rob Disaster In Semarang City

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 03027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Nur Yuliyani ◽  
Thomas Triadi Putranto ◽  
Nur Indah
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Well Water ◽  
The North

Semarang City is one of the cities located in the north coast of Java, has characteristics of hilly areas and lowland areas, Semarang City is one of the coastal areas and has a high Rob potential. Subdistricts in Semarang City that are inundated by rob disasters are North Semarang Subdistrict, Ngalian, Tugu, Genuk and Pedurungan. The purpose of this research is 1) mapping of inundation in Semarang City using Geographic Information System (GIS). 2). Knowing the quality of ground water (wells) for public consumption around the coastal area of Semarang City that has been exposed to rob water. 3) Find out how many rob water levels have contaminated the Well. Widespread Distribution Population of Rob in Semarang City. Side technique in this research is Purposive Random sampling. The result of this research is the quality of well water obtained from direct measurement of field. Measurements are made using the Water Quality Checker tool. The measurement parameters include pH, DHL, TDS and Nitrate. The required data is the coastal administration map of Semarang city, and the well water quality parameters of KEPMENKES. Selection and sampling of well water by using stratified random sampling technique. The analysis includes a well water quality test in the rob area. Data collection techniques used questionnaire, observation, and documentation techniques. The measurement parameters include pH, DHL, TDS, and Nitrate. It can be seen that the worst affected District is Genuk District and the District which is still good quality is Pedurungan District.

scholarly journals Impact of the 1988 Forest Fires on the Chemistry of Ground Water in Yellowstone National Park

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 249-255
Author(s):  
Donald Runnells ◽  
Mary Siders
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Yellowstone National Park ◽  
National Park ◽  
Chemical Data ◽  
Water Wells ◽  
The Impact

In order to investigate the impact of the 1988 fires on the chemistry and water quality of shallow ground water in Yellowstone National Park, a two­year program of sampling and analysis was begun in August, 1989. Samples from ground-water wells for which pre-fire chemical data could be obtained were selected for this study. Although it may have been anticipated that the surface waters would show some effects of fire, in terms of increased sedimentation and the addition of ash-laden runoff, the effects of the fires on ground water are less predictable. The purpose of this investigation is to determine the character and extent of these effects.

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